In ice hockey, an awarded goal is an unusual situation in which a goal is awarded to a team rather than scored. A penalty shot is a type of penalty awarded when a team loses a clear scoring opportunity on a breakaway because of a foul committed by an opposing player. The fouled player is given an attempt to score a goal without opposition from any defending players except the goaltender ("goalie"). However, when such a lost opportunity occurs and the opposing team has pulled its goalie to substitute an extra attacker, a goal is simply awarded without a penalty shot taking place.[1] The assumption is that, if not for the foul, the goal would have been scored.
A goal can also be automatically awarded during a penalty shot or a shootout, if the goaltender attempts to stop the attacker performing the penalty shot in an illegal manner.[4]
^"2018-19 NHL Official Rulebook"(PDF). NHL. Retrieved 3 March 2019. Rule 25.4: Infractions – During the Course of a Penalty Shot: "A goal will be awarded when a goalkeeper attempts to stop a penalty shot by throwing his stick or any other object at the player taking the shot or by dislodging the goal (either deliberately or accidentally)."
Further reading
Podnieks, Andrew (2007). The Complete Hockey Dictionary. Fenn Publishing. ISBN978-1-55168-309-6.