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Aw Boon Haw
Aw Boon Haw
胡文虎
	Aw in The Most Recent Biographies of Chinese Dignitaries
Born	1882; Rangoon, British Burma
Died	1954 (aged 72); Honolulu, Hawaii, US
Other names	Balm King; Tiger Balm King
Occupations	entrepreneur; philanthropist;
Known for	Haw Par Villas (his mansions); Tiger Balm (product of his company);
Board member of	Eng Aun Tong
Spouses	Tay Piah Hong; Tan Kyi Kyi; Ooi Geik Cheah; Khoo Siew Eng;
Children
Aw Kow	(son)
Aw Swan	(son, adopted)
Aw Hoe	(son, deceased in 1951)
Aw It Haw	(son)
Aw Jee Haw	(son, died in wartime)
Aw Sar Haw	(ditto)
Aw Sin Haw	(son)
Sally Aw	(daughter)
Aw Seng	(daughter)
Parent	Aw Chu Kin (Father)
Relatives	Aw Boon Par (Younger brother)

Aw Boon-Haw (Chinese: 胡文虎; pinyin: Hú Wénhǔ; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Ô͘ Bûn-hó͘; 1882–1954), OBE, was a Chinese entrepreneur and philanthropist best known as founder of Tiger Balm. He was a son of Hakka herbalist Aw Chu-Kin, with his ancestral home in Yongding County, Fujian, China.

Career

Aw was born to Chinese herbalists in Rangoon (now known as Yangon), Burma on 1882 under the British colonial government.^[1] In 1926, due to problems with the British Colonial government at the time, Aw migrated to Malaysia and expanded their business overseas to South East Asia, where he cofounded the business with his brother. Aw used cartoon commercialisation to promote his Tiger Balm product, named after himself, to any potential customer as well as at any public celebration. In the 1920s, his main factory, Eng Aun Tong, was set up at 89 Neil Road, Chinatown, Singapore.^[2] Aw also founded several newspapers, including Sin Chew Jit Poh, Sin Pin Jit Poh, and Sing Tao Daily.

Aw fled to Hong Kong during World War II and managed the business from there, while his brother stayed in Singapore until he closed down the factory and went to Rangoon. Aw returned to Singapore after the end of World War II and re-established his business. He set up Chung Khiaw Bank and once owned Pulau Serangoon (present day Coney Island), Singapore.^[3]

Death

In 1954, at the age of 72, Aw died from a heart attack following a major operation in Honolulu while on a trip to Hong Kong from Boston, US. He is remembered through his work with Haw Par Villas throughout Asia, with locations in Singapore, Hong Kong, and the Fujian province of China.

Legacy

In 1932, Aw and his brother Aw Boon Par founded St. John Hospital (Hong Kong) on Cheung Chau island. As of 2023 the original building, a historical landmark, continued to serve the approximate 12,000 residents of the island.

His sons took over his businesses after Aw's death.

Personal life

Aw had an adopted daughter, Sally Aw, a businesswoman and former politician. Born in Rangoon as the daughter of Aw Boon Haw and his fourth wife, Aw Seng (胡星), Sally has resided in Hong Kong and Singapore and set up a company under her father's name, Aw Boon Haw Pte Ltd, to continue the heritage and legacy of her father.^{[citation needed]} Aw Seng died on 10 April 2012 in Vancouver, Canada, aged 100.^{[citation needed]}

Gallery

A memorial hall in Lei Yue Mun Waterfront School
Aw Boon-Haw & Aw Boon-Par Memorial Hall at the School for the Blind, a Tiger Balm charity in Rangoon, Burma
Haw Par Villa in Fujian, unfinished after 1949 and the death of Aw Boon Haw in 1954; finished by his daughter in 1990s
The former Eng Aun Tong Building in Singapore
Eng Aun Tong in Guangzhou
Eng Aun Tong advertisement in 1930s

References

^ "中華頌 - 名人胡文虎". Archived from the original on 2006-06-27.
^ "Behind Our Famous Architecture". www.psd.gov.sg.
^ "Tiger Balm king /Sam King. – National Library". www.nlb.gov.sg.

(in Chinese) 胡文虎
(in Chinese) 胡文虎父女的汕頭緣^{[permanent dead link‍]}
Sin Yee Theng and Nicolai Volland, "Aw Boon Haw, the Tiger from Nanyang: Social Entrepreneurship, Transregional Journalism, and Public Culture," chapter 5 in Christopher Rea and Nicolai Volland, eds. "The Business of Culture: Cultural Entrepreneurs in China and Southeast Asia" (UBC Press, 2015).
Cochran, Sherman. Chinese Medicine Men: Consumer Culture in China and Southeast Asia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2006.
King, Sam (1992), Tiger Balm king : the life and times of Aw Boon Haw. Singapore : Times Books International, 1992. ISBN 981-204-326-8