Atelopus lynchi

Atelopus lynchi

Critically endangered, possibly extinct  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Bufonidae
Genus: Atelopus
Species:
A. lynchi
Binomial name
Atelopus lynchi
Cannatella [fr], 1981[2]

Atelopus lynchi, also known as Lynch's stubfoot toad[1][3][4] or Lynch's harlequin frog,[5] is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It occurs in northern Ecuador (Carchi)[1][3][4] and in southern Colombia (Nariño, Cauca,[3][6] and possibly Valle del Cauca Department, the last one is in doubt[1][3]). It occurs on the Pacific slope of the Cordillera Occidental, as the westernmost ranges of the Andes are known in both Colombia and in Ecuador.[3][4][6] Prior to its description, it was confused with Atelopus longirostris.[2]

Etymology

The specific name lynchi honors John D. Lynch,[2] an American herpetologist[7] and the collector of the holotype.[2]

Description

Adult males measure 35–41 mm (1.4–1.6 in)[2][4][8] and adult females about 50 mm (2.0 in) in snout–vent length.[4][8] The head is longer than it is wide and is narrower than the body. The snout is long and protruding. No tympanum is present. The fingers have basal webbing but no fringes. The toes are webbed. The digits have distinct pads. The coloration is rather nondescript (in contrast to its often colorful congeners): dorsal coloration is brown with indistinct dull yellow markings and the venter is dull blue-gray. The iris is black with pale green area surrounding the pupil.[2]

Habitat and conservation

Atelopus lynchi lives on the border between lowland and montane rainforest[1] to montane rainforest[4][8] to cloud forest[8] at elevations of 800–1,410 m (2,620–4,630 ft) above sea level.[1][3][4][8] It is terrestrial but presumably reproduces in rivers.[1] The type series was collected at night by streams, perched on leaves.[2]

Atelopus lynchi was last observed in Ecuador in 1984.[1][4] IUCN does not recognize records from Colombia and has assessed the species as being possibly extinct. Threats to it include deforestation for agricultural development, logging, and human settlement, as well as pollution resulting from the fumigation of illegal crops. Its disappearance after 1984 is also consistent with chytridiomycosis.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2018). "Atelopus lynchi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T54524A56601724. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T54524A56601724.en. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g Cannatella, David C. (1981). "A new Atelopus from Ecuador and Colombia". Journal of Herpetology. 15 (2): 133–138. doi:10.2307/1563371. JSTOR 1563371.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Frost, Darrel R. (2023). "Atelopus lynchi Cannatella, 1981". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.2. American Museum of Natural History. doi:10.5531/db.vz.0001. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h Coloma, L. A.; et al. (2022). Ron, S. R.; Merino-Viteri, A. & Ortiz, D. A. (eds.). "Atelopus lynchi". Anfibios del Ecuador. Version 2022.0. Museo de Zoología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ). Retrieved 3 November 2023.
  5. ^ "Lynch's Harlequin Frog (Atelopus lynchi)". iNaturalist. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
  6. ^ a b Acosta Galvis, A. R. (2023). "Atelopus lynchi Cannatella, 1981". Lista de los Anfibios de Colombia: Referencia en linea V13.2023. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
  7. ^ Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael & Grayson, Michael (2013). The Eponym Dictionary of Amphibians. Pelagic Publishing. p. 130. ISBN 978-1-907807-42-8.
  8. ^ a b c d e Sánchez-Pacheco, Santiago J. (2005). "Atelopus lynchi Cannatella, 1981". In Rueda-Almonacid, J.V.; et al. (eds.). Ranas Arlequines. Libretas de Campo. Conservación Internacional. p. 85. ISBN 958-97690-4-7.

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