Atanasio Ndongo Miyone

Atanasio Ndongo Miyone
Ndongo in 1968
1st Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Equatorial Guinea
In office
October 12, 1968 – March 5, 1969
PresidentFrancisco Macías Nguema
Preceded byOffice established
Succeeded byFrancisco Macías Nguema
Personal details
Born1928
Mbini, Río Muni, Spanish Guinea
DiedMarch 26, 1969(1969-03-26) (aged 40–41)
Bata, Equatorial Guinea

Atanasio Ndongo Miyone (1928 – March 26, 1969) was an Equatoguinean musician, writer, and Fang political figure.[1] He wrote the lyrics to Equatorial Guinea's national anthem.[1] He was executed in 1969 following a failed coup d'état to depose president Francisco Macías Nguema.[2]

Political career

In the period leading up to Equatorial Guinea's independence from Spain, Ndongo led one of the country's major political parties, the National Liberation Movement of Equatorial Guinea (MONALIGE). He established the party in 1959 while living in Gabon; as MONALIGE was an African nationalist party that campaigned for Equatoguinean independence, he led the party from abroad due to Spanish suppression of independence movements at the time.[3] After Spain granted Equatorial Guinea independence in 1968, he was defeated by Macías in the country's first elections; though he became the nation's foreign minister, he remained discontent with the outcome. In March of the following year, Ndongo was framed by Macías as involved in a fake coup against him, as an excuse that led to Ndongo's execution on March 26, 1969.[2]

Equatorial Guinea's national anthem

Ndongo wrote the lyrics for Equatorial Guinea's national anthem, "Caminemos pisando las sendas de nuestra inmensa felicidad" ("Let Us Tread the Path of our Immense Happiness"), in 1968.[1] The music was composed by Ramiro Sanchez Lopes, who was a Spanish lieutenant and the deputy director of music at the army headquarters located in Madrid; he received 25,000 pesetas for his efforts. Ndongo's anthem was first played on October 12, 1968, Equatorial Guinea's independence day, and was well-received by his countrymen.[1]

The lyrics of the anthem were influenced by the end of Equatorial Guinea's colonization, with de-colonization being a main theme.[1]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Cusack, Igor (December 2005). "African National Anthems: 'Beat the Drums, the Red Lion Has Roared'". Journal of African Cultural Studies. 17 (2): 235–251. doi:10.1080/13696850500448337. JSTOR 4141312. S2CID 163149597.
  2. ^ a b Baynham, Simon (February 1980). "Equatorial Guinea: The Terror and the Coup". The World Today. 36 (2): 65–71. JSTOR 40395170.
  3. ^ "Spanish Guinea (1950-1968)". University of Central Arkansas. Retrieved October 16, 2016.