Astyanax brachypterygium

Astyanax brachypterygium
Illustration of a female specimen
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Characiformes
Family: Characidae
Genus: Astyanax
Species:
A. brachypterygium
Binomial name
Astyanax brachypterygium
Bertaco & Malabarba, 2001
Synonyms[2]

Astyanax brachypterygyrium (lapsus) Bertaco & Malabarba, 2001

Astyanax brachypterygium is a small species of freshwater fish endemic to a collection of high-elevation streams in Brazil. It was named in 2001 alongside congener Astyanax cremnobates, to which it bears a strong resemblance; physical details (and a separate native range) help to differentiate between the two. Its scales are a greenish-brown on the back and silver on the belly, with reddish fins and a dark humeral spot. One of its defining features is a notably short anal-fin base, which has 13 to 15 rays.

It usually inhabits shallow waters with a good current, but little else of its ecology has been researched, including diet, behavior, and mating practices. Several species are known to live in peaceful sympatry with it. The IUCN has given A. brachypterygium a near threatened classification due to a decline in habitat quality, largely thanks to anthropogenic survival pressures.[1]

Taxonomy

Astyanax brachypterygium was first described in 2001 by Brazilian ichthyologists Vinicius A. Bertaco and Luiz R. Malabarba.[3] Its only known synonym is Astyanax brachypterygyrium, with an extra "yr", which was provided in error as part of the original treatment.[2][4] It is known to be affiliated with species in the Astyanax scabripinnis species complex,[5] which makes it a part of the subgenus Astyanax.[6] There are three total subgenera in the genus Astyanax; the other two, aside from Astyanax itself, are Poecilurichthys and Zygogaster.[7]

Some preliminary research suggests that A. brachypterygium be considered a junior synonym of congener Astyanax cremnobates,[6] which was named in the same 2001 paper.[8]

Etymology

The specific name originates in Greek. "Brachys" means short, and "pterygion" means fin; this is in reference to the short anal-fin base. The genus name Astyanax is from the Iliad, wherein Astyanax was the son of Trojan prince Hector.[9]

In Brazil, A. brachypterygium is sometimes referred to as lambari-de-cabeceira;[1] worldwide, it has no accepted common name.[10]

Description

Astyanax brachypterygium reaches a maximum length of 6.4 cm (2.5 in) standard length, SL.[4] There are 13–15 anal-fin rays, which is a much lower number than almost every other member of the genus; counts therein range from 20 to 45. There are 11 or 12 pectoral-fin rays, occasionally 10 or 13. There are 6 or 7 pelvic-fin rays, and 8–10 rays in both lobes of the caudal fin. There are 35–37 scales in the lateral line.[5] The eye takes up roughly one-quarter of the head's length.[11]

Astyanax brachypterygium has a brown-green back and a silver belly. The fins are mostly tinted reddish, with the exception of the pectorals, which are clear, and the adipose, which is slightly yellowish. There is also a patch of yellow on the middle caudal-fin rays.[12] There is a main humeral spot that demonstrates vertical elongation, and a secondary humeral spot that connects to the dark lateral stripe. This secondary spot may be diffuse, and is not always obvious upon examination.[5] On occasion, the area just behind the primary humeral spot may be pale.[13]

Astyanax brachypterygium bears enough of a resemblance to congener Astyanax cremnobates that the two have been considered for synonymy by some researchers.[6] Several morphometric differences exist, however. A. cremnobates has a larger eye diameter, more anal-fin rays, and a thinner caudal peduncle in comparison to A. brachypterygium; further, the native ranges are different.[14] A. cremnobates is also ~3 cm (~1 in) longer than A. brachypterygium.[15]

Another species, Astyanax pampa, bears further similarities to A. brachypterygium, but can be told apart by its much longer anal-fin base in comparison.[16]

Sexual dimorphism

Male specimens of A. brachypterygium have bony hooks on the rays of the anal and pelvic fins. Males also have longer pelvic fins than females. The anal fin is smoothly concave in female specimens, while it is straight in males. Females are also generally longer than males, by slightly less than a centimeter.[5]

Distribution and ecology

Astyanax brachypterygium is endemic to headwater streams of the upper Uruguay and Jacuí River basins in Brazil.[4][12] This distribution is considered relatively restricted, which is not uncommon for species in the A. scabripinnis complex.[17][18] Amongst sites with specific occurrence records, it is relatively more common in the Lajeadinho stream, and slightly less so in the Marco river.[19]

Astyanax brachypterygium was originally collected at an elevation of 1050 m, but it can be collected as far as 1100 to 1200 m above sea level.[20] In these locales, biodiversity is low, which makes for fewer sympatric species; however, those collected alongside it include Pareiorhaphis hystrix, Rhamdia quelen, and Jenynsia eirmostigma.[19] It generally prefers shallow streams with a healthy flow.[1] Dietary needs are unknown.

The Lajeadinho stream floods on a regular basis, and is surrounded by floodplains as a result.[21] Unsurprisingly, the locale is subject to significant rainfall, though not on a constant basis.[22] The Marco river is a waterway with a strong current and rocky substrate, as well as a sparse riparian zone.[23]

Conservation status

Astyanax brachypterygium has been evaluated by the IUCN as a near threatened species. Recently, there has been a notable decline in the quality of its habitat, attributable to several anthropogenic factors; these include destruction of the riparian zones, introduction of invasive species, and the construction of hydroelectric dams.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBio) (2022). "Astyanax brachypterygium". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (in Portuguese). 2022: e.T186802A1818599. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T186802A1818599.pt. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
  2. ^ a b Bailly, Nicolas (2017). "Astyanax brachypterygium Bertaco & Malabarba, 2001". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
  3. ^ "Astyanax brachypterygium Bertaco & Malabarba, 2001". www.zoobank.org. International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
  4. ^ a b c Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Astyanax brachypterygium". FishBase. June 2023 version.
  5. ^ a b c d Bertaco, Vinicius A.; Malabarba, Luiz R. (October 2001). "Description of two new species of Astyanax (Teleostei: Characidae) from headwater streams of Southern Brazil, with comments on the A. scabripinnis species complex". Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters. 12 (3): 221–234.
  6. ^ a b c Oliveira, Carlos Alexandre Miranda (2017). Revisão taxonômica do complexo de espécies Astyanax scabripinnis sensu Bertaco & Lucena (2006) (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Characidae) (PhD thesis). Universidade Estadual de Maringá. hdl:1834/10128. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
  7. ^ Rossini, Bruno César; Oliveira, Carlos Alexandre Miranda; Melo, Filipe Augusto Gonçalves de; Bertaco, Vinicius de Araújo; Astarloa, Juan M. Díaz de; Rosso, Juan J.; Foresti, Fausto; Oliveira, Claudio (19 December 2016). "Highlighting Astyanax Species Diversity through DNA Barcoding". PLOS ONE. 11 (12): e0167203. Bibcode:2016PLoSO..1167203R. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0167203. PMC 5167228. PMID 27992537.
  8. ^ "SUMMARY: Bertaco, Vinicius A. & Luiz R. Malabarba. 2001. Description of two new species of Astyanax (Teleostei: Characidae) from headwater streams of Southern Brazil, with comments on the "A. scabripinnis species complex"". www.zoobank.org. International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
  9. ^ Scharpf, Christopher; Lazara, Kenneth J. (19 June 2024). "Family CHARACIDAE: Subfamily STETHAPRIONINAE Eigenmann 1907 (American Tetras)". The ETYFish Project. Retrieved 10 July 2024.
  10. ^ "Astyanax brachypterygium Bertaco & Malabarba 2001". Encyclopedia of Life. National Museum of Natural History.
  11. ^ Haluch, Carolina Ferreira; Abilhoa, Vinícius (September 2005). "Astyanax totae, a new characid species (Teleostei: Characidae) from the upper rio Iguaçu basin, southeastern Brazil". Neotropical Ichthyology. 3 (3): 383–388. doi:10.1590/S1679-62252005000300005.
  12. ^ a b Malabarba, Luiz R.; Fiaho, Clarice B.; Anza, Juan A.; Ferrer, Juliano; da Silva, Giovanni N. M. (January 2009). "Peixes". In Boldrini, Ilsi (ed.). Biodiversidade dos campos do Planalto de Araucárias. Brasília: MMA. p. 144. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
  13. ^ "Astyanax joaovitori". Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 2023-06-07.
  14. ^ Lucena, Carlos A. S. de; Castro, Jonas Blanco; Bertaco, Vinicius A. (September 2013). "Three new species of Astyanax from drainages of southern Brazil (Characiformes: Characidae)". Neotropical Ichthyology. 11 (3): 537–552. doi:10.1590/S1679-62252013000300007.
  15. ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Astyanax cremnobates". FishBase. June 2023 version.
  16. ^ Casciotta, J R; Almiron, A E; Azpelicueta, M (2005). "Astyanax pampa (Characiformes, Characidae), a". Revue suisse de Zoologie. 112: 401–408. doi:10.5962/bhl.part.80305. S2CID 83145428.
  17. ^ de Lucena, Carlos Alberto S.; Zaluski, Amanda Bungi; de Lucena, Zilda Margarete Seixas (18 September 2017). "Astyanax taurorum a new species from dos Touros River, Pelotas River drainage, an upland southern Brazilian river (Characiformes: Characidae)". Zoologia. 34: 1–8. doi:10.3897/zoologia.34.e20174.
  18. ^ Tagliacollo, Victor A.; Britzke, Ricardo; Silva, Gabriel S. C.; Benine, Ricardo C. (31 December 2011). "Astyanax pirapuan Tagliacollo, Britzke, Silva & Benine, 2011, new species". treatment.plazi.org. Plazi TreatmentBank. doi:10.5281/zenodo.5680236. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
  19. ^ a b Winckler-Sosinski, L.T.; Schwarzbold, A.; Schulz, U.H. (2009). "Fish assemblage structure in altitude rivers under the effect of exotic species introduction, northeast of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil" (PDF). Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia. 21 (4). Retrieved 7 June 2023.
  20. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species related to Astyanax brachypterygium". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
  21. ^ Volcan, Matheus Vieira; Lanés, Luis Esteban Krause; Gonçalves, Ândrio Cardozo (1 May 2010). "Pisces, Cyprinodontiformes, Rivulidae, Austrolebias periodicus (Costa, 1999): Distribution extension in state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil". Check List. 6 (2): 234. doi:10.15560/6.2.234.
  22. ^ "Córrego Lajeadinho, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil". Mindat.org. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
  23. ^ Dias, Tatiana S; Fialho, Clarice B (June 2011). "Comparative dietary analysis of Eurycheilichthys pantherinus and Pareiorhaphis hystrix: two Loricariidae species (Ostariophysi, Siluriformes) from Campos Sulinos biome, southern Brazil". Iheringia. Série Zoologia. 101 (1–2): 49–55. doi:10.1590/S0073-47212011000100006.

Read other articles:

Moon Seon-min

Moon Seon-min oleh Anders Henrikson 2015Informasi pribadiNama lengkap Moon Seon-minTanggal lahir 9 Juni 1992 (umur 31)Tempat lahir Seoul, Korea SelatanTinggi 172 cm (5 ft 8 in)Posisi bermain PenyerangInformasi klubKlub saat ini Incheon UnitedNomor 27Karier senior*Tahun Tim Tampil (Gol)2017 – Incheon United 44 (10)Tim nasional2018 – Korea Selatan 5 (1) * Penampilan dan gol di klub senior hanya dihitung dari liga domestik Moon Seon-min (lahir 9 Juni 1992) adalah seorang...

 

Betung, Banyuasin

Untuk kegunaan lainnya, lihat Betung. Koordinat: 2°50′59″S 104°14′46″E / 2.8498550916618375°S 104.24621149262741°E / -2.8498550916618375; 104.24621149262741 BetungKecamatanPerumahan pegawai dekat Betung pada tahun 1930Negara IndonesiaProvinsiSumatera SelatanKabupatenBanyuasinPemerintahan • CamatArifin Nasution, S.Sos.Kode pos30958Kode Kemendagri16.07.05 Kode BPS1607020 Desa/kelurahan2 kelurahan9 desa Betung adalah sebuah kecamatan di Kabupa...

 

2010–11 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team

American college basketball season 2010–11 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketballCharleston Classic ChampionsNCAA tournament, Round of 64ConferenceBig East ConferenceRankingAPNo. 22Record21–11 (10–8 Big East)Head coachJohn Thompson III (7th season)Assistant coaches Kenya Hunter (4th season) Mike Brennan (2nd season) Robert Kirby (1st season) Captains Austin Freeman (2nd year) Chris Wright (2nd year) Ryan Dougherty (1st year) Home arenaVerizon CenterSeasons← ...

24 mai en sport

Éphémérides du sport Mai 1er 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31         24 avril 24 juin Chronologies thématiques Éphéméride général Croisades Ferroviaires Disney modifier Le 24 mai (144e jour de l'année ou 145e en cas d'année bissextile) en sport. 23 mai en sport - 24 mai en sport - 25 mai en sport Évènements XIXe siècle 1821 : (Cricket) : victoire de Cambridge Town Club par 24 runs face aux él�...

 

General glut

Unemployed men, marching for jobs during the Great Depression. In macroeconomics, a general glut is an excess of supply in relation to demand, specifically, when there is more production in all fields of production in comparison with what resources are available to consume (purchase) said production. This exhibits itself in a general recession or depression, with high and persistent underutilization of resources, notably unemployment and idle factories. The Great Depression is often cited as ...

 

Abraham Maslow

Abraham MaslowLahir1 April 1908Brooklyn, New YorkMeninggal8 Juni 1970(1970-06-08) (umur 62)CaliforniaKebangsaanAmerikaAlmamaterCity College of New York University of WisconsinDikenal ataspsikologiKarier ilmiahBidangPsikologiInstitusiCornell UniversityBrooklyn CollegeBrandeis UniversityPembimbing doktoralHarry HarlowTerinspirasiAlfred Adler, Kurt Goldstein, Henry MurrayMenginspirasiDouglas McGregor, Colin Wilson, Abbie Hoffman Abraham Maslow (1 April 1908 – 8 Juni 1970) a...

Konservatisme sosial

Bagian dari seriKonservatisme Varian Budaya Fiskal Hijau Liberal Libertarian Nasional Neo- Kanan Baru Satu bangsa Paleo- Agama Sosial Tradisionalis Konsep Konformitas Tradisi Norma sosial Familisme Tatanan sosial Patriotisme Hierarki sosial Hukum statuta Properti pribadi Proteksionisme Tokoh Edmund Burke Joseph de Maistre Louis de Bonald Adam Müller Pope Pius X Lucas Alamán François de Chateaubriand Antoine de Rivarol Klemens von Metternich Leopold von Ranke Nikolay Karamzin John A. Macdon...

 

Vagad

Historical Region of Western IndiaVagad Location southern Rajasthan 19th-century flag State established: 11th Century Language Vagdi (dialect), Hindi Dynasties Parmar Rajput, Chauhans of Jalore, Gohil Of Mewar, Parmar Damor Lineage. Historical capitals Dungarpur, pratapgadh Separated states 21 Century Rulers Banswara, Kushalgarh पासून : १९९९ 〱नावाचा : आयुष्य कालावधी ठाकर ࿐ Vagad (also known as Vagar) is a region in...

 

Mexicali

Capital city of Baja California, Mexico Place in Baja California, MexicoMexicali Top: Autonomous University of Baja California, Mexicali (left), Plaza Calafia (right); middle: Lázaro Cárdenas Monument (left), Our Lady of Guadalupe Cathedral (center), Punta Este (right); bottom: Bosque de la Ciudad Park. FlagCoat of armsNickname: The City that Captured the SunMexicaliShow map of Baja CaliforniaMexicaliShow map of MexicoMexicaliShow map of North AmericaCoordinates: 32°39′48″N 115°2...

Balé Province

Balé redirects here. Not to be confused with Bale (disambiguation) or Bale Province (disambiguation). Province in Boucle du Mouhoun, Burkina FasoBaléProvinceLocation in Burkina FasoProvincial map of its departmentsCountry Burkina FasoRegionBoucle du MouhounCapitalBoromoArea • Province4,596 km2 (1,775 sq mi)Population (2019 census)[1] • Province297,367 • Density65/km2 (170/sq mi) • Urban20,193Time zoneUTC+0...

 

Philippine government response to the COVID-19 pandemic

Actions by the Philippine government on COVID-19 pandemic Further information: COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (August 2020) This article is missing information about the government's COVID-19 response ocfficials, e...

 

Know Nothing

1850s US nativist political party American Party Other name Native American Party (before 1855) American Party (after 1855) First LeaderLewis Charles LevinFounded1844; 180 years ago (1844)Dissolved1860; 164 years ago (1860)Merger ofAmerican Republican PartyPreceded by American Republican Party Whig Party Merged intoRepublican Party (Northern U.S.)Succeeded by Constitutional Union Party North American Party HeadquartersNew York CitySecret...

Cooperation Party

Greenlandic political party Cooperation Party SuleqatigiissitsisutDanish nameSamarbejdspartietChairmanMichael Rosing[1]Deputy ChairmanTillie Martinussen[1]Founded11 March 2018 (2018-03-11)[2]Split fromDemocratsIdeologyGreenlandic unionism[3]Liberalism[4]Economic liberalism[3]Political positionCentre-right[2]Nordic Council affiliationCentre GroupColors  PurpleInatsisartut0 / 31Folketing(Greenland seats)0 / 2W...

 

Council of the Republic (Brazil)

Council of the RepublicPortuguese: Conselho da RepúblicaCouncil overviewFormed5 June 1990; 34 years ago (1990-06-05)JurisdictionBrazilHeadquartersPalácio do PlanaltoCouncil executivePres. Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, ChairmanWebsitewww.gov.br/planalto This article is part of a series on thePolitics of Brazil Executive President (list) Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva Vice President Geraldo Alckmin Cabinet Attorney General of the Union National Defense Council Council of the Repub...

 

Bataille des îles Échinades (1427)

Bataille des îles Échinades Carte du Péloponnèse avec les principaux sites du Moyen Âge. Informations générales Date 1427 Lieu îles Échinades Issue Victoire byzantine décisive Belligérants Empire byzantin Possessions de Carlo Ier Tocco Commandants Léontarios Torno Pertes Inconnues De nombreux navires capturés et beaucoup de marins tués. 150 prisonniers Guerres byzantino-latinesBatailles Constantinople (1203) Constantinople (1204) Bataille de l'Oliveraie de Kountouras Constantin...

هنتسفيل (ألاباما)

هنتسفيل     الإحداثيات 34°42′49″N 86°35′10″W / 34.713611111111°N 86.586111111111°W / 34.713611111111; -86.586111111111   [1] تاريخ التأسيس 1805  تقسيم إداري  البلد الولايات المتحدة[2][3]  التقسيم الأعلى مقاطعة ماديسون  عاصمة لـ مقاطعة ماديسون[4]  خصائص جغرافية  ال...

 

غرينيتش (كونيتيكت)

غرينيتش     الإحداثيات 41°01′35″N 73°37′42″W / 41.02649°N 73.62846°W / 41.02649; -73.62846   [1] تاريخ التأسيس 1640  سبب التسمية غرينتش  تقسيم إداري  البلد الولايات المتحدة[2][3]  خصائص جغرافية  المساحة 174047201 متر مربع  ارتفاع 17 متر،  و28 متر  عدد السكا�...

 

Isabella de Beaumont

Isabella de BeaumontBorncirca 1260Died1334Noble familyde Beaumont de VesciSpouse(s)John, Baron de VesciFatherSir Louis de BrienneMotherAgnés de Beaumont, Vicomte of BeaumontOccupationLady-in-waiting to Eleanor of Castile and Isabella of France. Isabella de Beaumont (died 1334), was a prominent noblewoman allied to Isabella of France during the reign of Edward II of England. Reign of Edward I and marriage Isabella was the royal governor of both Scarborough and Bamburgh Castle (shown here). I...

Nose cone

Foremost tip of aircraft, rockets, and missiles For the Transformers character, see Nosecone (Transformers). A nose cone that contained one of the Voyager spacecraft, mounted on top of a Titan III/Centaur launch vehicle. Boeing 777-200ER of American Airlines. The nose cone is the most forward fuselage piece (painted white here). The nose cone of an RAF Typhoon F2. A nose cone is the conically shaped forwardmost section of a rocket, guided missile or aircraft, designed to modulate oncoming air...

 

Poike

Extinct volcano in Easter Island Main article: Easter Island § Geology The north side of Poike seen from the west Rapa Nui showing Poike at the eastern (right) side of the island Poike is one of the three main extinct volcanoes that form Rapa Nui (Easter Island), a Chilean island in the Pacific Ocean. At 370 metres above sea level, Poike's peak is the island's second-highest point after the peak of the extinct volcano Terevaka. Poike forms the eastern headland of Rapa Nui. An abrupt cli...