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Assimineidae; Temporal range: Cenomanian–Recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Apertural view of a shell of Assiminea grayana
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Subclass:	Caenogastropoda
Order:	Littorinimorpha
Superfamily:	Truncatelloidea
Family:	Assimineidae; H. Adams & A. Adams, 1856
Subfamilies
	Assimineinae; Ekadantinae; Omphalotropidinae;
Diversity
	About 20 freshwater species and numerous amphibious terrestrial/marine species
Synonyms
	Omphalotropidinae Thiele, 1927· accepted, alternate representation; Thaanumellinae Clench, 1946;

Assimineidae is a family of minute snails, also known as palmleaf snails, with an operculum, gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the superfamily Rissoidae. Many of these very small snails live in intermediate habitats, being amphibious between saltwater and land; others live in freshwater.

Distribution

The distribution of the Assimineidae is worldwide.^[2] The oldest fossils are known from the Cenomanian aged Burmese amber.^[3]

Ecology

Various species in this family occur in estuarine habitats, in salt marshes and in freshwater. Some are terrestrial or amphibious.

Description

The shell is small to medium large, more or less egg-conelike shaped.^[2] The apertural margin is simple.^[2] The operculum is in most cases horny.^[2]

Species in this family are characterized by rudimentary cephalic tentacles, a trunklike snout, a foot with a groove and rudimentary to absent ctenidium (a comb-like respiratory apparatus).^[4]

Taxonomy

The following three subfamilies were recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005):

Subfamily Assimineinae H. Adams & A. Adams, 1856 - synonym: Synceratidae Bartsch, 1920
Subfamily Ekadantinae Thiele, 1929 - synonyms: Paludinellidae Kobelt, 1878 (n.a.); Cyclotropidae Iredale, 1941
Subfamily Omphalotropidinae Thiele, 1927 - Realiinae L. Pfeiffer, 1853 (inv.); Adelomorphinae Kobelt, 1906 (inv.); Garrettiinae Kobelt, 1906; Pseudocyclotini Thiele, 1929; Thaanumellinae Clench, 1946; Tutuilanidae Hubendick, 1952

Genera

Genera in the family Assimineidae include:^[5]^[6]^[7]

Genus † Laternoides W. Yu & Y.-H. Xi, 1977

subfamily Assimineinae

Angustassiminea Habe, 1943
Assiminea Fleming, 1828 - type genus of Assimineidae, synonym: Assiminia
Austropilula Thiele, 1927
Aviassiminea Fukuda & Ponder, 2003
Conassiminea Fukuda & Ponder, 2006
Cryptassiminea Fukuda & Ponder, 2005
Euassiminea Heude, 1882
Macrassiminea Thiele, 1927
Ovassiminea Thiele, 1927
Pseudomphala Heude, 1882
Sculptassiminea Thiele, 1927

subfamily Ekadantinae

Acmella Blanford, 1869
Cavernacmella Habe, 1942
Cyclotropis Tapparone Canefri, 1883
Ekadanta Rao, 1928
Metassiminea Thiele, 1927
Optediceros Leith, 1853
Paludinella Pfeiffer, 1841
Rugapedia Fukuda & Ponder, 2004
Solenomphala Heude, 1882
Taiwanassiminea Kuroda & Habe, 1950

subfamily Omphalotropidinae Thiele, 1927 (synonym: Garrettiinae Kobelt, 1906)

Allepithema Tomlin, 1931
Anaglyphula B. Rensch, 1932
Atropis Pease, 1871
Austroassiminea Solem, Girardi, Slack-Smith & Kendrick, 1982
Balambania Crosse, 1891
Chalicopoma Möllendorff, 1894
Conacmella Thiele, 1925
Crossilla Thiele, 1927
Cyclomorpha Pease, 1871
Ditropisena Iredale, 1933
Duritropis Iredale, 1944
Electrina Baird, 1850
Eussoia Preston, 1912
Fijianella C. M. Cooke & Clench, 1943
Garrettia Paetel, 1873
Kubaryia Clench, 1948
Leucostele Thiele, 1927
Limborelia Iredale, 1944
Nesopoma Clench, 1958
Omphalotropis Pfeiffer, 1851 - type genus of the subfamily Omphalotropidinae
Opinorelia Iredale, 1944
Paludinellassiminea Habe, 1994
Ponapella Clench, 1946
Pseudassiminea Thiele, 1927
Pseudocyclotus Thiele, 1894
Pseudogibbula Dautzenberg, 1890
Quadrasiella Moellendorff, 1894
Rapanella Cooke & Clench, 1943
Rupacilla Thiele, 1927
Scalinella Pease, 1867
Schuettiella Brandt, 1974
Setaepoma Clench, 1955
Spiratropis Kobelt & Möllendorff, 1900
Suterilla Thiele, 1927
Sychnotropis Möllendorff, 1898
Telmosena Iredale, 1944
Thaanumella Clench, 1946
Turbacmella Thiele, 1927
Tutuilana Hubendick, 1952
Wrayanna Clench, 1948

incertae sedis

Assimineidae incertae sedis vulgaris Webster, 1905^[8]
Assimineidae incertae sedis turrita (W. H. Turton, 1932) (taxon inquirendum)
Assimineidae incertae sedis turritella (W. H. Turton, 1932) (taxon inquirendum)

Synonyms

Adelomorpha Tapparone Canefri, 1886: synonym of Pseudocyclotus Thiele, 1894 (Invalid: Junior homonym of Adelomorpha Snellen, 1885 [Lepidoptera])
Adelostoma E. A. Smith, 1885: synonym of Pseudocyclotus Thiele, 1894 (invalid: junior homonym of Adelostoma Duponchel, 1827)
Assemania Dollfus, 1912: synonym of Assiminea J. Fleming, 1828 (unjustified emendation)
Assimania: synonym of Assiminea J. Fleming, 1828 (incorrect spelling of genus name)
Assiminella Monterosato, 1906: synonym of Paludinella L. Pfeiffer, 1841 (unnecessary substitute name for Paludinella L. Pfeiffer, 1841)
Assiminia J. Fleming, 1828: synonym of Assiminea J. Fleming, 1828 (alternative original spelling [used in the index p. 557])
Diadema Pease, 1868: synonym of Garrettia Paetel, 1873 (invalid: junior homonym of Diadema Gray, 1825)
Dramelia Iredale, 1941: synonym of Acmella W. T. Blanford, 1869 (junior synonym)
Heteropoma Möllendorff, 1894: synonym of Allepithema Tomlin, 1931 (invalid: junior homonym of Heteropoma Benson, 1856; Allepithema is a replacement name)
Paludinassiminea Matsubayashi & Habe, 1990: synonym of Solenomphala Heude, 1882 (unavailable name: no type species designated)
Tribe Pseudocyclotini Thiele, 1929: synonym of Omphalotropidinae Thiele, 1927
Scalinella Pease, 1868: synonym of Omphalotropis L. Pfeiffer, 1851
Stenotropis Kobelt & Möllendorff, 1898: synonym of Omphalotropis (Stenotropis) Kobelt & Möllendorff, 1898 represented as Omphalotropis L. Pfeiffer, 1851
Syncera Gray, 1821 (nomen nudum)

References

This article incorporates public domain text from the reference.^[2]

^ Strong E. E., Gargominy O., Ponder W. F. & Bouchet P. (2008). "Global Diversity of Gastropods (Gastropoda; Mollusca) in Freshwater". Hydrobiologia 595: 149-166. hdl:10088/7390 doi:10.1007/s10750-007-9012-6.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "Family summary for Assimineidae". AnimalBase, last change 15-08-2006, accessed 4 August 2010.
^ Bullis, David A.; Herhold, Hollister W.; Czekanski-Moir, Jesse E.; Grimaldi, David A.; Rundell, Rebecca J. (March 2020). "Diverse new tropical land snail species from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea, Assimineidae)". Cretaceous Research. 107: 104267. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2019.104267. S2CID 210289753.
^ Abbott, R.T. (1958). "The gastropod genus Assiminea in the Philippines". Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 110: 213–278.
^ "Assimineidae". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
^ Ingentaconnect
^ ZipCodeZoo Archived February 10, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
^ Rosenberg, G. (2012). Assimineidae incertae sedis vulgaris. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=598622 on 2012-05-31