Galves studied for a Bachelors degree in Mathematics at USP in 1964–1968, followed by a Masters in Statistics in 1969–1972, also at USP, with advisor Carlos Alberto Barbosa Dantas. He studied for his PhD in Statistics at USP in 1972–1978, again advised by Carlos Dantas;[1] this included studying for a specialised degree, Diplôme d'Estudes Approfondies, at Pierre and Marie Curie University in 1973–1974, with Jacques Neveu[2][1] (with which he later established a cooperation program with USP and the University of Rome).[6] He received habilitation from USP in 1988. He was a government employee in 1969–1970, before becoming a public servant in 1970, converting to a Professor in 1990.[1]
He worked in the field of probability and statistics,[3] on statistical models and stochastic systems, particularly Markov Particle Systems.[2] He was a senior professor at the Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of São Paulo,[3] where he coordinated NeuroMat (Research, Innovation, and Dissemination Center for Neuromathematics) and the Support Center for Research in Mathematics, Computing, Language and Brain (MaCLinC).[2]
Galves and Eva Löcherbach proposed the Galves–Löcherbach model[5][4] in 2013. This is a model with intrinsic stochasticity for biological neural nets, in which the probability of a future spike depends on the evolution of the complete system since the last spike. This model of spiking neurons was developed by mathematicians Antonio Galves and Eva Löcherbach. In 2013 they called it a model of a "system with interacting stochastic chains with memory of variable length".[11]