Anorgasmia

Anorgasmia
SpecialtyPsychiatry, gynecology, urology

Anorgasmia is a type of sexual dysfunction in which a person cannot achieve orgasm despite adequate sexual stimulation. Anorgasmia is far more common in females (4.6%)[1] than in males and is especially rare in younger men. The problem is greater in women who are post-menopausal.[1] In males, it is most closely associated with delayed ejaculation. Anorgasmia can often cause sexual frustration.

Causes

The condition is sometimes classified as a psychiatric disorder. However, it can also be caused by physiological problems such as diabetic neuropathy, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease,[2] genital mutilation on any gender, complications from genital surgery, pelvic trauma (such as from a straddle injury caused by falling on the bars of a climbing frame, bicycle or gymnastics beam), hormonal imbalances, total hysterectomy, spinal cord injury, cauda equina syndrome, uterine embolisation, childbirth trauma (vaginal tearing naturally or through the use of forceps or suction or a large or unclosed episiotomy), vulvodynia and cardiovascular disease.[3]

Drugs-induced

A common cause of anorgasmia, in both women and men, is the use of antidepressants, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Though reporting of anorgasmia as a side effect of SSRIs is not precise, studies have found that 17–41% of users of such medications are affected by some form of sexual dysfunction.[4][5]

Another cause of anorgasmia is cocaine use[6] and opiate addiction, particularly to heroin.[7]

Primary anorgasmia

Primary anorgasmia is a condition where one has never experienced an orgasm. This is significantly more common in women, although it can occur in men who lack the gladipudendal (bulbocavernosus) reflex.[8] Women with this condition can sometimes achieve a relatively low level of sexual excitement. Frustration, restlessness, and pelvic pain or a heavy pelvic sensation may occur because of vascular engorgement. On occasion, there may be no obvious reason why orgasm is unobtainable. In such cases, women report that they are unable to orgasm even if they have a caring, skilled partner, adequate time and privacy, and an absence of medical issues which would affect sexual satisfaction.

About 15% of women report difficulties with orgasm, and 10% of women in the United States have never climaxed.[9][10] 29% of women always have orgasms with their partner.[11]

Some social theorists [who?] believe that inability to orgasm may be related to residual psychosocial perceptions[12] that female sexual desire is somehow 'wrong', and that this stems from the age of Victorian repression. It is argued that this view may impede some women – perhaps those raised in a more repressed environment – from being able to experience natural and healthy sexual feeling.[13]

A significant genetic influence was seen with an estimated heritability for difficulty reaching orgasm during intercourse of 34% (95% confidence interval 27–40%) and 45% (95% confidence interval 38–52%) for orgasm during masturbation. [14]

Secondary anorgasmia

Secondary anorgasmia is the loss of the ability to have orgasms (as opposed to primary anorgasmia which indicates a person who has never had an orgasm) or loss of the ability to reach orgasm of past intensity. The cause may be alcoholism, depression, grief, pelvic surgery (such as total hysterectomy) or injuries, certain medications, death-grip, illness, estrogen deprivation associated with menopause, or rape.

Prostatectomy

The prostate and surrounding organs.

Secondary anorgasmia is close to 50% among males undergoing prostatectomy;[15] 80% among radical prostatectomies.[16] This is generally caused by damage to the primary nerves serving the penile area, which pass near the prostate gland. Removal of the prostate frequently damages or even completely removes these nerves, making sexual response unreasonably difficult.[17] Radical prostatectomies are usually given to younger males who are expected to live more than 10 years. At more advanced ages, the prostate is less likely to grow during that person's remaining lifetime.[17]

Situational anorgasmia

People who are orgasmic in some situations may not be in others. A person may have an orgasm from one type of stimulation but not from another, achieve orgasm with one partner but not another, or have an orgasm only under certain conditions or only with a certain type or amount of foreplay. These common variations are within the range of normal sexual expression and should not be considered problematic.

A person who is troubled by experiencing situational anorgasmia should be encouraged to explore alone and with their partner those factors that may affect whether or not they are orgasmic, such as fatigue, emotional concerns, feeling pressured to have sex when they are not interested, or a partner's sexual dysfunction. In the relatively common case of female situational anorgasmia during penile-vaginal intercourse, some sex therapists recommend that couples incorporate manual or vibrator stimulation during intercourse, or using the female-above position as it may allow for greater stimulation of the clitoris by the penis or pubic symphysis or both, and it allows the woman better control of movement.

Diagnosis

Effective treatment for anorgasmia depends on the cause. In the case of women with psychological sexual trauma or inhibition, psychosexual counselling might be advisable and could be obtained through general practitioner (GP) referral.[18]

Women with anorgasmia with no obvious psychological cause would need to be examined by their GP to check for absence of disease. Blood tests would also need to be done (full blood count, liver function, oestradiol/estradiol, total testosterone, SHBG, FSH/LH, prolactin, thyroid function, lipids and fasting blood sugar) to check for other conditions such as diabetes, lack of ovulation, low thyroid function or hormone imbalances.[3] The normal thresholds for these tests and timing in a woman's menstrual cycle is detailed in Berman et al., 2005.

They would then need to be referred to a specialist in sexual medicine. The specialist would check the patient's blood results for hormonal levels, thyroid function and diabetes, evaluate genital blood flow and genital sensation, as well as giving a neurological work-up to determine the degree (if any) of nerve damage.

Recently, it has been proposed to add a subtype of female orgasmic disorder (FOD), called reduced orgasmic intensity, and field trials are underway to assess the suitability of this proposal.[19]

Treatment

Just as with erectile dysfunction in men, lack of sexual function in women may be treated with hormonal patches or tablets to correct hormonal imbalances, clitoral vacuum pump devices and medication to improve blood flow, sexual sensation and arousal.[3]

Many practitioners today treat both men and women who have SSRI-induced anorgasmia with sildenafil, more commonly known as Viagra. While this approach is known to work well in men with sexual dysfunction, it is only recently that the effectiveness of sildenafil in women with sexual dysfunction is coming to light. A 1999 study by H. G. Nurnberg et al. showed a complete or very significant reversal of their sexual dysfunction upon taking sildenafil one hour prior to sexual activity.[20] In this study, eight out of the nine women required 50 mg of sildenafil while the 9th woman required 100 mg of sildenafil.

Another option for women who have SSRI-induced anorgasmia is the use of vardenafil. Vardenafil is a type 5 phosphodiesterase (PDE5) inhibitor that facilitates muscle relaxation and improves penile erection in men. However, there is controversy about the efficiency of the drug used in the reversal of female sexual dysfunction.[21] Vardenafil is similar to sildenafil, but vardenafil is less expensive and may be covered under some insurance plans. A study by A.K. Ashton M.D. has shown that in the case of one particular woman, the effects of vardenafil as opposed to sildenafil have not only been comparable in the effectiveness, but that vardenafil is cheaper and reversal of sexual dysfunction requires a smaller dose.[22] So far, vardenafil has been approved by the Food and Drug administration only for use in men.

The NIH states that yohimbine hydrochloride has been shown in human studies to be possibly effective in the treatment of male impotence resulting from erectile dysfunction or SSRI usage (e.g., anorgasmia).[23] Published reports have shown it to be effective in the treatment of orgasmic dysfunction in men.[24]

Cabergoline, an agonist of dopamine D2 receptors which inhibits prolactin production, was found in a small study to fully restore orgasm in one third of anorgasmic subjects, and partially restore orgasm in another third. Limited data has shown that the drug amantadine may help to relieve SSRI-induced sexual dysfunction.[25][26][27] Cyproheptadine, buspirone, stimulants such as amphetamines (including the antidepressant bupropion), nefazodone and yohimbine have been used to treat SSRI-induced anorgasmia.[28] Reducing the SSRI dosage may also resolve anorgasmia problems.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Nolen-Hoeksema, Susan (2014). Abnormal Psychology Sixth Edition. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education. p. 368. ISBN 978-0-07-803538-8.
  2. ^ "Sexual Effects of Parkinson's | APDA". American Parkinson Disease Association. Archived from the original on 28 November 2021. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
  3. ^ a b c For Women Only, Revised Edition: A Revolutionary Guide to Reclaiming Your Sex Life by Berman, J. Bumiller, E. and Berman L. (2005), Owl Books, NY. ISBN 978-0-8050-7883-1
  4. ^ Hu XH, Bull SA, Hunkeler EM, et al. (July 2004). "Incidence and duration of side effects and those rated as bothersome with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment for depression: patient report versus physician estimate". The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 65 (7): 959–65. doi:10.4088/JCP.v65n0712. PMID 15291685.
  5. ^ Landén M, Högberg P, Thase ME (January 2005). "Incidence of sexual side effects in refractory depression during treatment with citalopram or paroxetine". The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 66 (1): 100–06. doi:10.4088/JCP.v66n0114. PMID 15669895.
  6. ^ Woodhouse, Christopher (2019). "The effects of recreational drug use on the genitourinary tract". Trends in Urology & Men's Health. 10 (4): 18–20. doi:10.1002/tre.703. S2CID 199618320.
  7. ^ "Heroin Addiction and Related Clinical Problems" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 December 2010. Retrieved 6 January 2014.
  8. ^ Bridley, G. S.; Gillan, P. (1982). "Men and women who do not have orgasms". The British Journal of Psychiatry. 140 (4): 351–6. doi:10.1192/bjp.140.4.351. PMID 7093610. S2CID 33372908.
  9. ^ Frank JE, Mistretta P, Will J (March 2008). "Diagnosis and treatment of female sexual dysfunction". American Family Physician. 77 (5): 635–42. PMID 18350761.
  10. ^ Giustozzi AA. Sexual dysfunction in women. In: Ferri FF. Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2010. St. Louis, Mo.: Mosby; 2009. [1] Archived 14 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine
  11. ^ "Indiana University Bloomington". Archived from the original on 5 January 2012. Retrieved 1 January 2012.
  12. ^ Lentz, Anna Maree; Zaikman, Yuliana (1 June 2021). "The Big "O": Sociocultural Influences on Orgasm Frequency and Sexual Satisfaction in Women". Sexuality & Culture. 25 (3): 1096–1123. doi:10.1007/s12119-020-09811-8. ISSN 1936-4822.
  13. ^ Stern and Saunders "Psychosocial Sexual Impediment: a Victorian Legacy? (UNC Chapel Hill, 2007)[citation not found]
  14. ^ Genetic influences on variation in female orgasmic function: a twin study Kate M Dunn,2 Lynn F Cherkas,1 and Tim D Spector1,
  15. ^ Dunsmuir WD, Emberton M, Neal DE. "There is significant sexual dissatisfaction following TURP". British Journal of Urology (77): 161A.
  16. ^ Koeman M, Van Driel MF, Weijmar Schultz WC, Mensink HJ (1996). "Orgasm after radical prostatectomy". British Journal of Urology. 77 (6): 861–64. doi:10.1046/j.1464-410x.1996.01416.x. PMID 8705222.
  17. ^ a b "Radical Prostatectomy". WebMD. Archived from the original on 16 December 2017. Retrieved 6 December 2011.
  18. ^ Humphery, S.; Nazareth, I. (1 October 2001). "GPs' views on their management of sexual dysfunction". Family Practice. 18 (5): 516–518. doi:10.1093/fampra/18.5.516. ISSN 0263-2136. PMID 11604374.
  19. ^ Brotto LA, Bitzer J, Laan E, Leiblum S, Luria M (2010). "Women's Sexual Desire and Arousal Disorders". Journal of Sexual Medicine. 7 (1 Pt 2): 586–614. doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2009.01630.x. PMID 20092454.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  20. ^ H. Geore Nurnberg, M.D.; et al. (1999). "Sildenafil for Women Patients with Antidepressant-Induced Sexual Dysfunction". Psychiatric Services. 50 (8): 1076–78. doi:10.1176/ps.50.8.1076. PMID 10445658.
  21. ^ J. Angulo; et al. (2003). "Vardenafil enhances clitoral and vaginal blood flow responses to pelvic nerve stimulation in female dogs". International Journal of Impotence Research. 15 (2): 137–141. doi:10.1038/sj.ijir.3900985. PMID 12789394. S2CID 1054938.
  22. ^ A.K. Ashton (2004). "Vardenafil Reversal of Female Anorgasmia". American Journal of Psychiatry. 161 (11): 2133. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.161.11.2133. PMID 15514423.
  23. ^ "Yohimbe: MedlinePlus Supplements". nlm.nih.gov. 19 November 2010. Archived from the original on 1 August 2010. Retrieved 13 December 2010.
  24. ^ Adeniyi AA, Brindley GS, Pryor JP, Ralph DJ (May 2007). "Yohimbine in the treatment of orgasmic dysfunction". Asian Journal of Andrology. 9 (3): 403–07. doi:10.1111/J.1745-7262.2007.00276.x. PMID 17486282.
  25. ^ Shrivastava RK, Shrivastava S, Overweg N, Schmitt M (1995). "Amantadine in the treatment of sexual dysfunction associated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors". Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology. 15 (1): 83–84. doi:10.1097/00004714-199502000-00014. PMID 7714234.
  26. ^ Balogh S, Hendricks SE, Kang J (1992). "Treatment of fluoxetine-induced anorgasmia with amantadine". The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 53 (6): 212–13. PMID 1607353.
  27. ^ Keller Ashton A, Hamer R, Rosen RC (1997). "Serotonin reuptake inhibitor-induced sexual dysfunction and its treatment: a large-scale retrospective study of 596 psychiatric outpatients". Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy. 23 (3): 165–75. doi:10.1080/00926239708403922. PMID 9292832.
  28. ^ Gitlin, Michael J. (1998). "Treatment of Antidepressant-Induced Sexual Dysfunction". Medscape Psychiatry & Mental Health eJournal. 3 (3). Archived from the original on 26 July 2017. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
  • The original text for this article is taken from public domain CDC text.

Further reading

Read other articles:

Eskatologi Buddha

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Februari 2023. Eskatologi Buddha adalah salah satu ajaran dasar agama Buddha mengenai ketidakkekalan/ketidaktetapan (anicca). “Sabbe sankhara anicca`ti, yada pannaya passati, atha nibbindati dukkhe, esa maggo visuddhiya.”–Segala sesuatu yang terbentuk dari per...

 

 

JKT48 Theater 10th Anniversary Show: Memory and Party

JKT48 Theater 10th Anniversary Show: Memory and PartyTanggal7 September 2022 mulai pukul 19:00 WIB (Pertunjukan Kenangan)8 September 2022 mulai pukul 19:00 WIB (Pertunjukan Pesta)LokasiTeater JKT48, Lantai 4 Mal fX Sudirman, Jakarta Pusat, DKI Jakarta (2 Pertunjukan)Peserta/Pihak terlibat32 anggota JKT48 (24 anggota tetap dan 8 siswi pelatihan)Situs webSitus Web Khusus di Situs Web Resmi JKT48 Kronologi Konser Ulang Tahun Teater JKT48 JKT48 Theater 9th Anniversary Event(12 September 2021) JKT...

 

 

Rice's theorem

Theorem in computability theory In computability theory, Rice's theorem states that all non-trivial semantic properties of programs are undecidable. A semantic property is one about the program's behavior (for instance, does the program terminate for all inputs?), unlike a syntactic property (for instance, does the program contain an if-then-else statement?). A non-trivial property is one which is neither true for every program, nor false for every program. The theorem generalizes the undecid...

Godparent

Person who sponsors a child's baptism Godchild redirects here. For the manga, see Earl Cain. Godson redirects here. For other uses, see Godson (disambiguation). Padrino redirects here. For the web application framework, see Padrino (web framework). For other uses, see El Padrino (disambiguation). Detail from the Baptism Window at St. Mary's Episcopal Cathedral in Memphis, Tennessee, showing godparents from the mid-20th century. A Roman Catholic priest baptizing a child. In denominations of Ch...

 

 

Синелобый амазон

Синелобый амазон Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ВторичноротыеТип:ХордовыеПодтип:ПозвоночныеИнфратип:ЧелюстноротыеНадкласс:ЧетвероногиеКлада:АмниотыКлада:ЗавропсидыКласс:Пт�...

 

 

Francesco Maria Grimaldi

Italian priest and mathematician The Rev. Dr.Francesco Maria GrimaldiSJBorn(1618-04-02)2 April 1618BolognaDied28 August 1663(1663-08-28) (aged 45)BolognaNationalityItalianOther names Francisco Maria Grimaldo Franciscus Grimaldi Known forFree fall, diffractionScientific careerFieldsMathematics, Physics Francesco Maria Grimaldi, SJ (2 April 1618 – 28 December 1663) was an Italian Jesuit priest, mathematician and physicist who taught at the Jesuit college in Bologna. He was born...

Iran–Iraq relations

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Iran–Iraq relations – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this message)Bilateral relationsIran–Iraq relations Iran Iraq Iran–Iraq relations (Persian: روابط ایران و عراق Ravâbete Irân va Ar...

 

 

Ronald Reagan Boyhood Home

Historic house in Illinois, United States United States historic placeRonald Reagan Boyhood HomeU.S. National Register of Historic Places Show map of IllinoisShow map of the United StatesLocation816 S. Hennepin Ave., Dixon, IllinoisCoordinates41°50′10″N 89°28′50.6″W / 41.83611°N 89.480722°W / 41.83611; -89.480722Arealess than one acreBuilt1891Architectural styleQueen AnneNRHP reference No.82002580[1]Added to NRHPMarch 26, 1982 The Ron...

 

 

Cesare Montecucco

Cesare Montecucco a Francoforte nel 2011, in occasione del ritiro del Premio Paul Ehrlich und Ludwig Darmstaedter Cesare Montecucco (Trento, 1º novembre 1947) è un patologo e neurobiologo italiano. Indice 1 Biografia 2 Opere 3 Riconoscimenti 4 Note 5 Altri progetti 6 Collegamenti esterni Biografia Si è laureato presso l'Università di Padova dapprima in Chimica organica con lode nel 1971 e successivamente in Scienze biologiche, con lode nel 1975.[1] Attualmente è professore ordina...

Pasar Beringharjo

Pasar BeringharjoꦥꦱꦂꦧꦼꦫꦶꦁꦲꦂꦗTampak muka Pasar Beringharjo.LokasiKota Yogyakarta, Daerah Istimewa YogyakartaAlamatJalan Marga Mulya No.16Kelurahan Ngupasan, Kemantrèn GondomananKota Yogyakarta 55122Tanggal dibuka1758PengurusUPT Pusat Bisnis dan Pasar Beringharjo Dinas Perdagangan Kota YogyakartaJumlah toko dan jasa5441[1]Jumlah lantai5 (3 disisi barat, 2 disisi timur)Akses transportasi umum 1A   2A   3A   8   10  ...

 

 

コルク

この記事は検証可能な参考文献や出典が全く示されていないか、不十分です。出典を追加して記事の信頼性向上にご協力ください。（このテンプレートの使い方）出典検索?: コルク – ニュース · 書籍 · スカラー · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ジャパンサーチ · TWL（2017年4月） コルクを打ち抜いて作った瓶の栓 コルク（木栓、�...

 

 

Randall Brenes

Questa voce sull'argomento calciatori costaricani è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Randall Brenes Nazionalità  Costa Rica Altezza 169 cm Calcio Ruolo Attaccante Termine carriera 2018 CarrieraSquadre di club1 2003-2005 Cartaginés30 (21)2005-2008 Bodø/Glimt54 (16)2008→  Kongsvinger14 (7)2009 Kongsvinger29 (7)2010-2012 Cartaginés60 (35)2012 Xəzər-L...

Kebun Shizilin

Kebun Klasik SuzhouSitus Warisan Dunia UNESCOKriteriaKebudayaan: i, ii, iii, iv, vNomor identifikasi813Pengukuhan1997 (21st)Perluasan2000 Kebun Shizilin (Hanzi sederhana: 狮子林园; Hanzi tradisional: 獅子林園; Pinyin: Shī Zǐ Lín Yuán; Suzhou Wu: Sy tsy lin yoe, IPA: [sz̩ tsz̩ lin ɦyø]) adalah sebuah kebun yang terletak di Jalan Yuanlin nomor 23 di Distrik Pingjiang, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China. Kebun tersebut diakui bersama dengan kebun-kebun klasik lainnya di...

 

 

Listed buildings in England

Incomplete list of listed buildings in England England within the United Kingdom This is an as yet incomplete list of listed buildings in England, which are the majority of the listed buildings of the United Kingdom. The organisation of the lists in this series is on the same basis as the statutory register. County names are those used in the register, broadly based on the ceremonial counties and not always matching the current administrative areas. Grade I listed buildings in England At the ...

 

 

Arie Johannes Lamme

Not to be confused with Arie Lamme.Dutch painter (1812–1900) Arie Johannes Lamme by an unknown artist (1842) The Big Studio. Arie Johannes Lamme, also spelled Ary (27 September 1812, Dordrecht — 25 February 1900, Berg en Dal) was a Dutch painter, etcher, lithographer, art dealer and museum director. He specialized in genre scenes and historical works. Biography His father was the art dealer Arnoldus Lamme [nl]. He originally studied with his father, then went to Paris at the ...

Sultanate of Bagirmi

Former Islamic state in central Africa. Sultanate of Bagirmi1480/1522–1897Bagirmi (pink) in the Lake Chad region around 1890StatusSultanate, tributary state of the Bornu EmpireCapital Massenya (1522–1893) Chekna (1893–1897) Common languagesBagirmiReligion Islam, African Traditional ReligionMbang, later Sultan • 1480/1522–1536 Abd al-Mahmud Begli/Birni Besse• 1885–1912 Gaourang II Historical eraEarly modern period• Established 1480/1522• Islam be...

 

 

Lagash

Vous lisez un « bon article » labellisé en 2013. Sauf précision contraire, les dates de cet article sont sous-entendues « avant l'ère commune » (AEC), c'est-à-dire « avant Jésus-Christ ». Lagash(ar) لجش ou لكش Statue du roi Gudea de Lagash, XXIIe siècle av. J.-C., Metropolitan Museum of Art. Localisation Pays Irak Province Dhi Qar Coordonnées 31° 24′ 46″ nord, 46° 24′ 30″ est Géolocalisation s...

 

 

Oskar Klein

Swedish physicist Oskar KleinOskar Benjamin Klein (1894–1977). Photograph taken at the Göttingen Bohr-Festspiele, June 1922.Born(1894-09-15)15 September 1894Mörby, SwedenDied5 February 1977(1977-02-05) (aged 82)Stockholm, SwedenNationalitySwedishAlma materNobel InstituteUniversity College of StockholmKnown forKlein paradoxKlein–Gordon equationKlein–Kramers equationKlein–Nishina formulaAlfvén–Klein cosmologyKaluza–Klein theoryRydberg–Klein–Rees methodAwardsBj�...

Lodovico Castelvetro

Italian philosopher and literary theorist This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Lodovico Castelvetro – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (March 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Lodovico CastelvetroLodovico CastelvetroBorn1505Modena, Duchy of ModenaDied23 March 1556(1556-0...

 

 

Cherax

Genus of crayfishes Cherax Cherax destructor Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Class: Malacostraca Order: Decapoda Suborder: Pleocyemata Family: Parastacidae Genus: CheraxErichson, 1846 Type species Astacus preissiiErichson, 1846 Cherax, commonly known as yabby/yabbies in Australia, is the most widespread genus of fully aquatic crayfish in the Southern Hemisphere. Various species of cherax may be found in both still and flowing bodies of freshwat...