Anna Elizabeth Rude

Anna Elizabeth Rude
A middle-aged white woman with dark hair braided across the crown, wearing a print dress with a white ruffled front section and collar
Anna E. Rude, from a 1919 publication
BornSeptember 3, 1876
San Jose, California, U.S.
DiedJune 20, 1960 (age 83)
San Francisco, California, U.S.
Occupation(s)Physician, suffragist

Anna Elizabeth Rude (September 3, 1876[1] – June 20, 1960) was an American physician and suffragist, based in California. She was director of the Child Hygiene division of the United States Children's Bureau.

Early life and education

Rude was born in San Jose, California, and was the daughter of Daniel Rude and Amelia Nattinger Rude. Her mother died when Anna was very young; her father, a Civil War veteran from Massachusetts, died in 1887. She graduated from the state normal school (now San Jose State University) in San Jose in 1895,[2] and earned a medical degree at Cooper Medical College (now Stanford University School of Medicine).[3]

Career

Rude served an internship at the Children's Hospital of San Francisco in 1906 and 1907. She worked at Fabiola Hospital in Oakland and taught at Cooper Medical College.[3]

Rude was active in the women's suffrage movement in California. She was treasurer of the College Equal Suffrage League of Northern California beginning in 1911. She attended the Democratic National Convention in 1920 as a representative of the League of Women Voters.[3]

Rude testified at a 1920 Senate hearing on maternal and infant health, and worked for passage of the Sheppard-Towner Act.[4][5] In the 1920s, Rude was director of the Division of Child Hygiene of the United States Children's Bureau from 1918[6] to 1924,[7][8][9] giving presentations throughout the United States on child health policies and practices;[10][11] she also answered letters from worried parents.[12] From the late 1920s into the 1940s,[13][14][15] she was director of the Bureau of Maternal and Child Hygiene in the Los Angeles County Health Department.[16][17] In 1930, she became chair of the health committee of the California Conference of Social Work.[18]

Publications

While Rude was at the Children's Bureau, she wrote articles for the American Journal of Public Health[19][20] and JAMA.[21][22]

  • "The Children's Year Campaign" (1919)[19]
  • "Status of State Bureaus of Child Hygiene" (1920)[20]
  • "The Sheppard-Towner Act in Relation to Public Health" (1922)[21]
  • "The Midwife Problem in the United States" (1923)[22]

Personal life

Rude died in 1960, in her eighties, in San Francisco.[23]

References

  1. ^ Rude's 1921 passport application and her gravestone both give 1876 as her birth year, and she was listed as a 3-year-old child in the 1880 federal census; however, some sources give 1875 as her birth year.
  2. ^ "Normal School Graduates". The San Francisco Call and Post. 1895-06-29. p. 3. Retrieved 2024-04-02 – via Newspapers.com.
  3. ^ a b c Hoyt, Hailey. "Biography of Anna Elizabeth Rude, 1875-1960" Biographical Database of NAWSA Suffragists, 1890–1920, Alexander Street.
  4. ^ Protection of Maternity and Infancy: Hearing Before the Committee on Public Health and National Quarantine, United States Senate, Sixy-sixth Congress, Second Session on S. 3259 : a Bill for the Public Protection of Maternity and Infancy and Providing a Method of Cooperation Between the Government of the United States and the Several States. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1920.
  5. ^ "Dr. Rude Voices Her Confidence in the Women of Nation". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. 1928-08-15. p. 40. Retrieved 2024-04-02 – via Newspapers.com.
  6. ^ "Baby Health Aid Joins U.S. Bureau". San Francisco Bulletin. 1918-08-19. p. 2. Retrieved 2024-04-02 – via Newspapers.com.
  7. ^ Abbott, Grace (1923). Ten Years' Work for Children. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 4.
  8. ^ "Three Stars in the Southern Constellation" California Monthly 18(March 1925): 386.
  9. ^ "No Job Too Big for Them". Green Book Magazine. 22 (6): 85. December 1919.
  10. ^ "Children's Health Conferences". The Jordan Gazette. 1917-09-27. p. 1. Retrieved 2024-04-02 – via Newspapers.com.
  11. ^ "Dr. Anna E. Rude to Visit This City Soon". San Francisco Bulletin. 1919-05-22. p. 13. Retrieved 2024-04-02 – via Newspapers.com.
  12. ^ Reagan, Leslie J. (2012-07-09). Dangerous Pregnancies: Mothers, Disabilities, and Abortion in Modern America. Univ of California Press. pp. 11–13. ISBN 978-0-520-27457-0.
  13. ^ "Woman Doctor Engaged for Health Talk". Monrovia News-Post. 1934-01-13. p. 2. Retrieved 2024-04-02 – via Newspapers.com.
  14. ^ "Health Program Focused on Mothers and Children". The Redondo Reflex. 1940-05-03. p. 4. Retrieved 2024-04-02 – via Newspapers.com.
  15. ^ "Care Given 3,000 Expectant Mothers". Wilmington Daily Press Journal. 1942-05-11. p. 8. Retrieved 2024-04-02 – via Newspapers.com.
  16. ^ "Dr. Anna E. Rude, Director of the Bureau of Maternal and Child Hygiene, Los Angeles, 1929". UCLA Library Digital Collections. Retrieved 2024-04-01.
  17. ^ "Angeleno Honored by Hoover; Dr. Anna E. Rude Name to White House Conference on Child Health". The Los Angeles Times. 1929-10-22. p. 29. Retrieved 2024-04-02 – via Newspapers.com.
  18. ^ "Honor Accorded Health Official". The Los Angeles Times. 1930-04-16. p. 27. Retrieved 2024-04-02 – via Newspapers.com.
  19. ^ a b Rude, Anna E. (May 1919). "The Children's Year Campaign". American Journal of Public Health. 9 (5): 346–351. doi:10.2105/AJPH.9.5.346. ISSN 0271-4353. PMC 1362509. PMID 18010095.
  20. ^ a b Rude, Anna E. (October 1920). "Status of State Bureaus of Child Hygiene". American Journal of Public Health. 10 (10): 772–779. doi:10.2105/AJPH.10.10.772. ISSN 0271-4353. PMC 1362886. PMID 18010379.
  21. ^ a b Rude, Anna E. (1922-09-16). "The Sheppard-Towner Act in Relation to Public Health". JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association. 79 (12): 959. doi:10.1001/jama.1922.02640120033012. ISSN 0098-7484.
  22. ^ a b Rude, Anna E. (1923-09-22). "The Midwife Problem in the United States". JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association. 81 (12): 987. doi:10.1001/jama.1923.02650120019006. ISSN 0098-7484.
  23. ^ "Rites Held for Dr. Rude". The San Francisco Examiner. 1960-06-23. p. 14. Retrieved 2024-04-02 – via Newspapers.com.