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Anavilhanas National Park
Anavilhanas National Park
Parque Nacional de Anavilhanas
IUCN category II (national park)
	View from the air
	Location in Brazil
Nearest city	Manaus
Coordinates	2°23′41″S 60°55′14″W / 2.39472°S 60.92056°W
Area	350,470 hectares (866,000 acres)
Designation	National park
Created	6 February 1981
Ramsar Wetland
Designated	22 March 2017
Reference no.	2296

Anavilhanas National Park (Portuguese: Parque Nacional de Anavilhanas) is a national park that encompasses a huge river archipelago in the Rio Negro in the state of Amazonas, Brazil. It is part of a World Heritage Site.

Location

The park is in the municipalities of Manaus and Novo Airão.^[2] It is managed by the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation.^[3] The fluvial part of the park, 60% of the total, has more than 400 islands. It is about 130 kilometres (81 mi) long and on average 20 kilometres (12 mi) wide, with a total area of 350,470 hectares (866,000 acres).^[2] The park is bounded to the north and east by the Rio Negro Left Bank Environmental Protection Area, a 611,008 hectares (1,509,830 acres) sustainable use conservation area created in 1995. The fluvial section extends to the west shore of the Rio Negro, which is mainly protected by the Rio Negro Right Bank Environmental Protection Area and the Rio Negro Sustainable Development Reserve.^[4]

The terrain ranges in altitude from 50 to 150 metres (160 to 490 ft) above sea level. Average annual rainfall is 2,100 millimetres (83 in). Temperatures range from 23 to 34 °C (73 to 93 °F).^[5] The park contains a variety of forest types and river and lake ecosystems.^[2]

Conservation

The park was originally created on 6 February 1981 as an integral protection unit covering 350,018 hectares (864,910 acres).^[6] It was reclassified from the strictly protected ecological station to the more open (but still protected) national park status by law nº 11.799 of 29 October 2008.^[5]

The park protects the environment of the Anavilhanas river archipelago in the Rio Negro, one of the largest in the world, and its forest formations. It supports scientific research and enhances conservation of the Amazon biome through environmental education and sustainable tourism.^[2] The park is open year round.^[2] Protected species include margay (Leopardus wiedii), jaguar (Panthera onca), giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), giant armadillo (Priodontes maximus), giant otter (Pteronura brasiliensis), Amazonian manatee (Trichechus inunguis), and Amazon river dolphin (Inia geoffrensis).^[3]