All Japan Kickboxing Federation

For the Kendo federation, see All Japan Kendo Federation.

All Japan Kickboxing Federation (ja: 全日本キックボクシング連盟, A.J.K.F.) was the Japan-based sanctioning and promoting body of professional kickboxing. It was established in 1987 and it was dissolved in 2009. The informal name was "Zen Nihon Kikku. Masato who won K-1 World Max in 2003 debuted as a professional kickboxer at AJKF.

History

Establishment

All Japan Kickboxing Federation (AJKF) was established in July 1987 by former members of the Martial Arts Japan Kickboxing Federation (MAJKF). This withdrawing was caused by Jun Nishikawa, the owner of Nishikawa Gym, and Toshio Kaneda, the event promoter. They enticed all of the current champions and other kickboxing gyms from MAJKF. The champions were sanctioned as the first champions of AJKF automatically. After establishment of AJKF, other gyms joined AJKF before holding the 1st AJKF event. The gyms which joined AJKF were AKI gym, Nishikawa gym, Hikari gym, Oguni gym, Fudokan, Fuji gym, Iwamoto gym, and Yamato gym.[1]

Weight class Name Team
Flyweight Kimihiko Akado Nishikawa gym
Bantamweight Shinichi Mishima Hikari gym
Featherweight Takashi Aoyama Oguni gym
Lightweight Kyoji Saito Oguni gym
Welterweight Tetsuya Sakiyama Nishikawa gym

Makoto Fujita was chosen for the chairman, Kenji Kurosaki was chosen for the counselor, Ichiro Ozawa the member of the House of Representatives of Japan was chosen for the commissioner. At that time,

On July 15, 1987, AJKF hold its first event at Korakuen Hall in Tokyo. The main bout was the match between Tetsuya Sakiyama and Lakchart from Thailand. After the establishment of AJKF, Kaneda got power to control AJKF because he knew the show business very well as he had been working for the event company for long time. He told "Nissho" a company which he worked as a managing director to establish "Nissho Enterprize" which is a show business company. He assumed its CEO. This company had got strong power, so it was regarded as the actual body of AJKF. In addition, "All Japan Enterprize" which was the company Kaneda had worked before cooperated with World Kickboxing Association(WKA), Fuhita the chairman of AJKF also held the post of vice-president of WKA. For this reason, he could invite famous foreign kickboxers from Europe and North America including Maurice Smith, Rob Kaman, and Peter Smit.[2]

In the end of the 1980s, Nissho left Nisho Enterprize. Nisho Enterprize changed its name to "All japan Enterprize" and started inviting more other famous foreign kickboxers. In the beginning of the 1990s, the popularity of AJKF started decreasing, and AJKF were hard up for money.

Split (NJKF)

In 1996, AJKF was broken up to two organizations. The New Japan Kickboxing Federation (NJKF) was established by Makoto Fujita who was the chairman of AJKF. The NJKF side enticed many kickboxing gyms, kickboxers and 3 current champions from AJKF. The Featherweight champion Hideaki Suzuki, the Lightweight champion Yasuhiro Uchida and the Welterweight champion Shinji Matsuura.

Bankruptcy and rebirth

In May 1997, AJKF cooperated with K-1, and moved its headquarters to Kinshicho in Sumida, Tokyo. Moreover, AJKF opened a new kickboxing gym "K Public gym" there. In addition, AJKF asked Hiroyuki Yoshino who was the former Japanese national champion of professional boxing to join AJKF. AJKF sent some top kickboxers to K-1 event twice (July 20, November 9), but Atsushi Tateshima who was one of the most famous kickboxer in Japan refused to take part in K-1.

In October 1997, All Japan Enterprize was bankrupted and AJKF lost its true body. All of the members of the staff left AJKF. After the bankruptcy, some high-powered gyms established the board of directors and started managing AJKF. And then, AJKF moved its office to Higashi-Azabu in Minato, Tokyo. For this event, AJKF changed its system. All kickboxing events are held by each kickboxing gym individually instead of the headquarters of AJKF or event company.

Split (J-NET)

Although AJKF started controlling kickboxing again, "Active J" which is one of kickboxing gym joined AJKF tried to continue holding event by themselves. This was regarded as an infringement of AJKF rules. Moreover, the representative of Active J ignored recommendation to participate the board of directors. For this reason, Active J was dismissed from AJKF. After dismissal, Active J established J-NETWORK(J-NET), and set gyms under the direct management of Active J up in business, and make them join J-NET. Keita Kainuma the current AJKF Bantamweight and some famous kickboxers moved to J-NET because of this incident. Takayuki Kohiruimaki was one of them.

Split (K-U)

Hachoji FSG and other kickboxing gyms which were members of AJKF set a press conference on June 14, 1998, and announced that they are going to establish a new kickboxing organization "Kick Boxing-Union" (K-U). 14 kickboxing gyms and the 3 current AJKF champions moved to K-U. The Featherweight champion Shinya Sakuma, the Lightweight champion Nobumitsu Sudo and the Welterweight champion Tatsuya Suzuki.

Decline

On June 1, 1998, Kaneda returned to a representative of AJKF, and it started controlling the kickboxing events again. The office was moved to Asao-ku, Kawasaki in Kanagawa. At that time, AJKF improved relationship to J-NET because people who disliked J-NET had already removed to K-U. Actually, the event held by J-NET on February 2, many kickboxers from AJKF participated in it. Moreover, many kickboxers from J-NET participated in the tournament for the vacant AJKF tiles (Lightweight and Featherweight) held by AJKF. For these the interchange between AJKF and J-NET became active.

In 1999, AJKF got a new sponsor, and they removed their office to kitashinjuku in Shinjuku, Tokyo on May 28. They established their 2 official kickboxing gyms(AJ Public gym and Sakushin-kaikan) there as an annex to the office. After removal, Kensaku Maeda who was one of the top kickboxer left AJKF, but Satoshi Kobayashi and his gym "Fujiwara gym" rejoined AJKF . On November 30, Taniyama gym left AJKF.

In March 2000, Masato became independent from AJKF and he established Silver Wolf.

On May 11, 2007, Satoshi Kobayashi, former kickboxer, assumed the general manager of AJKF.[3]

Arrest and dissolution

In 2008, AJKF started new series event "Krush" with K-1, and the Krush implementation committee was established. The bout in Krush was under K-1 rules.[4]

On June 21, 2009, Kobayashi, the general manager, produced the event "The stray dog Blitz tactics 2009", but it became the last event of AJKF.

On June 22, Toshio Kaneda, the AJKF representative, was arrested for helping sham marriage for a Korean woman. He was suspected of "making False Entries in the Original of Notarized Deeds"(Article 157) and "using it". In addition, the manager of sham marriage was a criminal syndicate (yakuza), and AJKF was suspected as they had a relationship with yakuza because the building which the office of AJKF located accepted some front companies for organized crime operations. At that day, the AJKF office was searched and seized, and Kaneda was relieved from his duty.[5]

On July 15, the office was closed and AJKF was dissolved in between July 15 and August 20.[6]

Championship history

Flyweight championship

Weight limit: 112 lbs

No. Name Date Defenses
1 Japan Kimihiko Akado
(def. ) 		July 15, 1987
  • 3 def.
Akado vacates the title on January, 1992.
2 Japan Takahiro Yamada
(def. ) 		March 24, 1996

Bantamweight championship

Weight limit: 118 lbs

No. Name Date Defenses
1 Japan Jiro Kameyama
(def. ) 		January 3, 1988
2 Japan Kotaro Tsuchida
(def. Jiro Kameyama) 		October 10, 1988
Tsuchida vacates the title in December 1988.
3 Japan Kimihiko Akado
(def. ) 		January 25, 1992
4 Japan Taro Tokai
(def. ) 		March 26, 1994
5 Japan Toshimichi Nakajima
(def. ) 		January 7, 1995
  • 1 def.
6 Japan Joe Tsuchiya
(def. ) 		September 29, 1995
7 Japan Keita Kainuma
(def. Joe Tsuchiya) 		September 29, 1996
  • 1 def.
Kainuma vacates the title in 1997.
8 Japan Ken Yasukawa
(def. Minoru Shinkai) 		January 4, 2001
  • 2 def. (Makoto Warisawa)
Yasukawa vacates the title in May, 2003 as he retires.
9 Japan Noriyuki Hiratani
(def. Arashi Fujihara) 		August 17, 2003
10 Japan Noriyuki Hiratani
(def. Arashi Fujihara) 		August 17, 2003
11 Japan Arashi Fujihara
(def. Kazuhiko Shingo) 		November 19, 2004
12 Japan Nobuchika Terado
(def. Shota Takiya) 		January 1, 2009

Featherweight championship

Weight limit: 124 lbs

No. Name Date Defenses
1 Japan Takashi Aoyama
(def. ) 		July 15, 1987
2 Japan Junichi Kagami
(def. ) 		January 29, 1989
3 Japan Takahiro Shimizu
(def. Junichi Kagami) 		September 5, 1989
4 Japan Atsushi Tateshima
(def. 椿宗徳) 		April 21, 1991
5 Japan Kensaku Maeda
(def. Atsushi Tateshima) 		July 18, 1992
6 Japan Atsushi Tateshima
(def. Kensaku Maeda) 		November 27, 1993
7 Japan Takaya Sato
(def. Atsushi Tateshima) 		July 30, 1994
8 Japan Atsushi Tateshima
(def. Takaya Sato) 		July 30, 1995
9 Japan Hideaki Suzuki
(def. Atsushi Tateshima) 		March 24, 1996
10 Japan Shinya Sakuma
(def. ) 		April 29, 1997
11 Japan Hiromasa Masuda
(def. ) 		July 13, 1999
12 Japan Naoyuki Sugie
(def. Shinsuke Endo) 		February 16, 2001
13 Japan Hisanori Maeda
(def. Kenji Takemura) 		November 17, 2002
14 Japan Genki Yamamoto
(def. Hisanori Maeda) 		December 7, 2003
15 Japan Masahiro Yamamoto
(def. Genki Yamamoto) 		September 19, 2005

Super Featherweight championship

Weight limit: 130 lbs

No. Name Date Defenses
1 Japan Naoki ishikawa
(def. Naoki Maeda) 		January 4, 2006
  • def. Masami on July 23, 2006
  • draws with Naoki Maeda on June 21, 2009

Lightweight championship

Weight limit: 136 lbs

No. Name Date Defenses
1 Japan Kyoji Saio
(def. ) 		July 15, 1987
  • 3 defenses
2 Japan Sho Kawatani
(def. ) 		July 14, 1991
  • 2 defenses
3 Japan Kenichi Sugita
(def. Sho Kawatani) 		January 23, 1994
4 Japan Yasuhiro Uchida
(def. ) 		January 7, 1995
5 Japan Nobumitsu Sudo
(def. Hisayuki Kanazawa) 		June 21, 1997
6 Japan Hisayuki Kanazawa
(def. Tomohiro Shimano) 		May 11, 1999
7 Japan Satoshi Kobayashi
(def. Hisayuki Kanazawa) 		January 21, 2000
Kobayashi vacates the title on August 1, 2000.
8 Japan Hisayuki Kanazawa
(def. Aou Hayashi) 		January 4, 2001
Kanazawa vacates the title on October 12, 2001.
9 Japan Aou Hayashi
(def. Kenichi Hamagawa) 		January 4, 2002
10 Japan Haruaki Otsuki
(def. Aou Hayashi) 		January 4, 2003
  • def. Takhito Fujimasa on January 1, 2004
Otsuki vacates the title on September 25, 2004.[7]
11 Mongolia Tsogto Amara
(def. Satoruvashicoba) 		January 4, 2005
Amara vacates the title in October, 2005.
12 Japan Satoruvashicoba
(def. Koji Yoshimoto) 		January 4, 2006
13 Japan Hiromasa Masuda
(def. Satoruvashicoba) 		July 23, 2006
Masuda vacates the title in March, 2008.
14 Japan Tomofumi Endo
(def. Kan Itabashi) 		December 5, 2008

Welterweight championship

Weight limit: 148 lbs

No. Name Date Defenses
1 Japan Tetsuya Mukoyama
(def. ) 		July 15, 1987
2 Japan Hironobu Murakoshi
(def. ) 		March 12, 1988
3 Japan Takatora Funaki
(def. ) 		May 29, 1988
  • 4 defenses
4 Japan Keizo Kojima
(def. ) 		1992
5 Japan Takatora Funaki
(def. ) 		June 19, 1993
6 Japan Shinji Matsura
(def. ) 		1995
7 Japan Tatsuya Suzuki
(def. ) 		1997
8 Japan Masato
(def. Tomoharu Chiba) 		March 17, 1999
Masato vacates the title on March 14, 2000.
9 Japan Yasuhiro Uchida
(def. Tomoharu Chiba) 		January 14, 2001
Uchida vacates the title on October 12, 2001.
10 Japan Yutaro Yamauchi
(def. Yoichiro Mikami) 		March 8, 2003
Yamauchi vacates the title in November, 2005.
11 Japan Daiki
(def. Mitsumasa Horikawa) 		April 21, 2006
Daiki vacates the title on April 1, 2007.
12 Japan Yuya Yamamoto
(def. Mitsumasa Horikawa) 		May 11, 2007
13 Switzerland Christophe Pruvost
(def. Yuya Yamamoto) 		December 5, 2008

Super Welterweight championship

Weight limit: 154 lbs

No. Name Date Defenses
1 Japan Yutaro Yamauchi
(def. Kazuki Hamasaki) 		April 21, 2006
  • def. Ryusuke Mochizuki on January 1, 2007
  • def. Ryusuke Mochizuki on October 17, 2008

Middleweight championship

Weight limit: 160 lbs

No. Name Date Defenses
1 Japan Tetsuya Mukoyama
(def. ) 		May, 1989
2 Japan Akeomi Nitta
April 27, 2000
  • def. Takahiko Shimizu on January 4, 2001
3 Japan TOMO
(def. Takaaki Nakamura) 		June 12, 2005
TOMO vacates the title on April 1, 2007.
4 Japan Takaaki Nakamura
(def. Yuuki Shirakawa) 		June 10, 2007
  • def. Ryutaro Yoshitake on December 7, 2007
  • def. Shingo Eguchi on December 5, 2008

Heavvweight championship

Weight limit: + 160 lbs

No. Name Date Defenses
1 Japan Riki Oh
(def. ) 		January 7, 1995
2 Japan Yasuhiro Anbe
(def. DEION) 		May 4, 2002
3 Japan Kazushi Nishida
(def. Yasuhiro Anbe) 		September 27, 2003
4 Japan Akihiro Gono
(def. Kazushi Nishida) 		February 6, 2005
Gono vacates the title on April 1, 2007.

References

  1. ^ "トップページ > 施設紹介 > ジム案内 > キックボクシング歴史". kameokasinmon.racms.jp. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  2. ^ "【1987年7月の格闘技】全日本キックが復活、ムエタイ重量級最強の男が全日本王者を一蹴". gonkaku.jp. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  3. ^ "[全日本キック] 小林聡、全日本キックのゼネラルマネージャーに就任". boutreview.com. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  4. ^ "【K-1】K-1 WORLD LEAGUEとして11月に旗揚げ戦". efight.jp. 29 May 2014. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
  5. ^ "全日本キック会長ら７人が偽装結婚で逮捕". nikkansports.com. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  6. ^ 金田会長、偽装結婚容疑で逮捕。連盟が謝罪発表(Japanese)
  7. ^ "【全日本キック】大月、タイトル返上。11月より王座決定Tスタート！". gbring.com. Retrieved 17 March 2022.

Read other articles:

Kereta api Argo Cheribon

Kereta api Argo CheribonKereta api Argo Cheribon meninggalkan Stasiun JatinegaraInformasi umumJenis layananKereta api antarkotaStatusBeroperasiDaerah operasiDaerah Operasi III CirebonPendahulu Argo Jati Cirebon Ekspres Tegal Bahari (dialihkan rute Pasarsenen-Tegal dengan kelas eksekutif dan bisnis) Mulai beroperasi16 Agustus 2019Operator saat iniKereta Api IndonesiaLintas pelayananStasiun awal Tegal Cirebon Jumlah pemberhentianLihatlah di bawahStasiun akhirGambirJarak tempuh 214 km (CN-GMR) 2...

 

Hamster Korea

Hamster Korea Tscherskia triton Status konservasiRisiko rendahIUCN22432 TaksonomiKerajaanAnimaliaFilumChordataKelasMammaliaOrdoRodentiaFamiliMuridaeGenusTscherskiaSpesiesTscherskia triton De Winton, 1899 lbs Hamster Korea (Tscherskia triton) adalah salah satu spesies hamster yang merupakan spesies dari hewan pengerat. Hamster ini masuk kedalam keluarga Tscherskia. Hamster ini adalah hamster pemakan hasil panen seperti padi. Hamster ini dapat ditemui di Tiongkok dan Korea. Referensi Baillie (1...

 

Grace Natalie

Grace Natalie Ketua Umum Partai Solidaritas Indonesia ke-1Masa jabatan16 November 2014 – 16 November 2021 PendahuluTidak ada, jabatan baruPenggantiGiring Ganesha Informasi pribadiLahirGrace Natalie Louisa4 Juli 1982 (umur 41)Jakarta, IndonesiaKebangsaanIndonesiaPartai politikPSISuami/istriKevin Osmond ​(m. 2011)​Anak1Orang tuaBrata Ngadiman Anna ClementineAlma materInstitut Bisnis dan Informatika Kwik Kian GiePekerjaanPolitikusProfesiPewara ber...

Tomas Švedkauskas

Lithuanian footballer Tomas Švedkauskas Švedkauskas with Roma in July 2012.Personal informationDate of birth (1994-06-22) 22 June 1994 (age 29)Place of birth Marijampolė, LithuaniaHeight 1.85 m (6 ft 1 in)Position(s) GoalkeeperTeam informationCurrent team HegelmannNumber 55Youth career0000–2010 Švyturys2010–2012 Sūduva2011–2012 → Fiorentina (loan)2012–2013 RomaSenior career*Years Team Apps (Gls)2013–2017 Roma 0 (0)2013–2014 → Paganese (loan) 9 (0)2014 ...

 

Onde de gravité

Ne doit pas être confondu avec Onde gravitationnelle. Motif nuageux formé par les ondes de gravité en aval de l'île Amsterdam, une île volcanique de l'océan Indien En mécanique des fluides, on désigne par onde de gravité une onde se déplaçant sur la surface libre d'un fluide soumis à la gravité. En océanographie, les vagues en milieu ouvert ou le ballottement en milieu fermé constituent des exemples d'ondes de gravité. En météorologie, on observe des ondes de gravité cré�...

 

Kesultanan Melaka

Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat Malaka (disambiguasi). Kesultanan Melayu Melakaكسلطانن ملايو ملاك1400–1511Ibu kotaMelakaBahasa yang umum digunakanMelayu klasikAgama IslamPemerintahanMonarkiSultan • 1402-1414 Parameswara(Pertama)• 1513-1528 Mahmud Syah(Terahkir) Sejarah • Didirikan 1400• Portugal Invasi Kota Melaka 1511 Didahului oleh Digantikan oleh krjKerajaan Singapura krjKerajaan Sriwijaya Melaka Portugal kslKesultanan Pahang Sultan P...

Wayne A. Hartman

American politician Wayne A. HartmanHartman in 2019Member of the Maryland House of Delegatesfrom the 38C districtIncumbentAssumed office January 9, 2019Preceded byMary Beth CarozzaMember of the Ocean City CouncilIn office2014–2018Preceded byBrent AshleyMargaret PillasSucceeded byMark L. Paddack Personal detailsBorn (1967-12-14) December 14, 1967 (age 56)Baltimore, MarylandPolitical partyRepublicanChildren2 Wayne A. Hartman (born December 14, 1967) is a Republican member...

 

منتخب باكستان لسباعيات الرغبي

هذه المقالة تحتاج للمزيد من الوصلات للمقالات الأخرى للمساعدة في ترابط مقالات الموسوعة. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة وصلات إلى المقالات المتعلقة بها الموجودة في النص الحالي. (أغسطس 2019) منتخب باكستان لسباعيات الرغبي بلد الرياضة باكستان  أكبر فوز أكبر خسارة تعدي�...

 

List of Netflix original films (2022)

For Netflix original series and related specials, see List of Netflix original programming. For Netflix original stand-up comedy specials, see List of Netflix original stand-up comedy specials. For Netflix exclusive international distribution films, see Lists of Netflix exclusive international distribution programming. Netflix is an American global on-demand Internet streaming media provider, that has distributed a number of original programs, including original series, specials, miniseries,...

Estonia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2017

Eurovision Song Contest 2017Country EstoniaNational selectionSelection processEesti Laul 2017Selection date(s)Semi-finals:11 February 201718 February 2017Final:4 March 2017Selected entrantKoit Toome and LauraSelected songVeronaSelected songwriter(s)Sven LõhmusFinals performanceSemi-final resultFailed to qualify (14th)Estonia in the Eurovision Song Contest ◄2016 • 2017 • 2018► Estonia participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2017 with the song Ve...

 

Lift luar angkasa

Lift Luar Angkasa terdiri dari kabel dari stasiun di bumi ke luar angkasa. Lift luar angkasa atau lift antariksa adalah lift yang didesain untuk mengirim material dari permukaan bumi ke luar angkasa. Banyak proposal telah diusulkan dan melibatkan perjalanan melalui struktur dan bukan dengan menggunakan roket. Konsepnya sering kali mengacu pada struktur yang menjangkau orbit geostasioner dari permukaan bumi. Konsep lift luar angkasa berawal dari ide seorang ilmuwan Rusia Konstantin Tsiolkovsky...

 

Anthony W. Case

American astrophysicist For the gridiron football player, see Tony Case. Anthony W. CaseBorn1980 (age 43–44)EducationB.S., University of OregonPh.D., Boston UniversityKnown forDesign of Solar Probe Cup on Parker Solar ProbeScientific careerFieldsAstrophysicsInstitutionsHarvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, BWX TechnologiesThesisVariations in the Galactic Cosmic Ray Flux at the Moon (2010)Doctoral advisorDr. Harlan Spence Websitehea-www.harvard.edu/~acase/ Anthony W...

Clinker (boat building)

Method of boat building This article possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. (November 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this message) A Viking longship, displaying the overlapping planks that characterize clinker construction Clinker-built (also known as lapstrake)[1][2] is a method of boat building in which the edges of hull planks ove...

 

Dunedin North

For the political constituency, see Dunedin North (New Zealand electorate). This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Dunedin North – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (August 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Suburb in Dunedin, New ZealandDunedin NorthSuburbUniversity of Otag...

 

彼达迪-迪蓬迪诺瓦

彼达迪-迪蓬迪诺瓦Piedade de Ponte Nova市镇彼达迪-迪蓬迪诺瓦在巴西的位置坐标：20°14′42″S 42°44′02″W / 20.245°S 42.7339°W / -20.245; -42.7339国家巴西州米纳斯吉拉斯州面积 • 总计84.008 平方公里（32.436 平方英里）人口 • 總計4,113人 • 密度49人/平方公里（127人/平方英里） 彼达迪-迪蓬迪诺瓦（葡萄牙语：Piedade de Ponte Nova）是巴西�...

Luigi Bruins

Dutch footballer Luigi Bruins Bruins with Feyenoord in August 2008Personal informationFull name Luigi Maud BruinsDate of birth (1987-03-09) 9 March 1987 (age 37)Place of birth Rotterdam, NetherlandsHeight 1.80 m (5 ft 11 in)Position(s) Attacking midfielderTeam informationCurrent team VV SmitshoekNumber 4Youth career1993–2004 ExcelsiorSenior career*Years Team Apps (Gls)2004–2007 Excelsior 66 (10)2007–2011 Feyenoord 90 (11)2011 Red Bull Salzburg 3 (0)2012 Excelsior 9 (...

 

Southwell Minster

Church in Nottinghamshire, United KingdomSouthwell MinsterCathedral and Parish Church of the Blessed Virgin MarySouthwell MinsterShown within Nottinghamshire53°4′36″N 0°57′14″W / 53.07667°N 0.95389°W / 53.07667; -0.95389LocationSouthwell, NottinghamshireCountryUnited KingdomDenominationChurch of EnglandWebsitewww.southwellminster.orgArchitectureStyleRomanesque, GothicYears builtc.1108-c1300SpecificationsNumber of towers3Number of spires2AdministrationProvi...

 

Anti-discrimination laws in Brazil

This article is part of a series on thePolitics of Brazil Executive President (list) Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva Vice President Geraldo Alckmin Cabinet Attorney General of the Union National Defense Council Council of the Republic Federal institutions Presidential line of succession Legislative National Congress (57th Legislature) Federal Senate (list) President of the Federal Senate Chamber of Deputies President of the Chamber of Deputies Federal Court of Audits Judiciary Supreme Federal Cour...

Drink

Liquid intended for human consumptionFor the act of consuming a drink, see Drinking. For drinks containing alcohol, see Alcoholic drink. For the 1917 film, see Drink (film). Beverage redirects here. Not to be confused with Beveridge or Harold Beverage. Drinks redirects here. For the QI episode, see List of QI episodes. Tea is the second‑most‑consumed drink in the world, after water.[1] Maltina is a carbonated malt soft drink, which contains lots of thirst quenching prope...

 

Louise Whitfield Carnegie

American philanthropist (1857–1946) Louise Whitfield CarnegieBornLouise WhitfieldMarch 7, 1857New York City, New York, U.S.DiedJune 24, 1946 (aged 89)Resting placeSleepy Hollow CemeterySpouse Andrew Carnegie ​ ​(m. 1887; died 1919)​ChildrenMargaret Carnegie MillerParent John D. Whitfield Fannie Davis Relatives Henry Davis Whitfield (brother) Andrew Carnegie Whitfield (nephew) Louise Whitfield Carnegie (March 7, 1857 – June 24, 1946) was an A...