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Alfred B. Nietzel
Alfred B. Nietzel
	Army Medal of Honor
Born	April 27, 1921; Fordham, Bronx, New York
Died	November 18, 1944 (aged 23); Heistern, Germany
Buried	1944-1949 Henri-Chapelle American Cemetery, Liège, Belgium; ; re-interred Long Island National Cemetery, Farmingdale, New York
Allegiance	United States of America
Service / branch	United States Army
Years of service	1940–1944
Rank	Sergeant
Unit	Co. H, 2nd Battalion, 16th Infantry Regiment, 1st Infantry Division
Battles / wars	World War II
Awards	Medal of Honor; Distinguished Service Cross 1945-2014; Bronze Star Medal; Purple Heart;

Alfred B. Nietzel (April 27, 1921 – November 18, 1944) is a posthumous recipient of the US Medal of Honor.^[1] He was awarded the Medal of Honor by President Barack Obama in a March 18, 2014 ceremony in the White House. The award comes through the Defense Authorization Act which in 2002, called for a review of Jewish American and Hispanic American veterans from World War II, the Korean War and the Vietnam War to ensure that no prejudice was shown to those deserving the Medal of Honor.^[2]

Biography

Census records tend to indicate that Nietzel was born in Fordham, Bronx, New York on April 27, 1921, the first of three sons and second oldest child of Alfred C. Nietzel and Ruth Lawrence.^[3] The family may have fallen apart due to Nietzel's father's commitment to state mental institutions in Rockland and Orange County, where he died in 1971.^[4]^[5] In the 1930 census, Alfred and his brothers are in a foster home in Harrison, New York. By 1940, Alfred had left high school after two years and had been working as a machinist in Nassau County, Long Island. On October 5, 1940, he enlisted in the United States Army in Jamaica, Queens, New York.^[6]

It is not clearly known if Nietzel immediately joined the Army's 16th Infantry Regiment then posted in New York City at Fort Jay on Governors Island, or if he served in other units prior to November 1944.

By late November 1944, Nietzel was a sergeant in Company H, 16th Infantry Regiment, 1st Infantry Division, as U.S. First Army's move across France, Belgium and Germany had been in heavy, grueling, combat for nearly seven straight weeks since September.

Alfred died in combat during the Battle of Hürtgen Forest, along the Belgium-German border on November 18, 1944. The Hürtgen Forest battle was hard-fought, and the longest battle ever waged by the U.S. Army. The battle's heavy losses and questionable objectives were soon overshadowed by the desperate circumstances of the Battle of the Bulge a month later, leaving the Hürtgen Forest offensive largely forgotten.

In an intense day of fighting for a hill and the town of Heistern, Germany, several 16th Infantry soldiers were awarded the Silver Star and Distinguished Service Cross.

Nietzel's original 1945 Distinguished Service Cross citation noted that he selflessly covered the retreating members of his squad, which he had sent to the rear for reinforcements, laying down suppressive fire with his .30 caliber machine-gun on an enemy advance threatening to overrun his position. When his machine-gun ammunition was expended he fired his rifle until killed by an enemy grenade. His actions delayed the advance of the opposing force long enough for reinforcements to arrive and turn back the enemy.^[7]

The 2014 Medal of Honor citation further observed: "That afternoon, Sergeant Nietzel fought tenaciously to repel a vicious enemy attack against his unit. Sergeant Nietzel employed accurate, intense fire from his machine gun and successfully slowed the hostile advance. However, the overwhelming enemy force continued to press forward. Realizing he desperately needed reinforcements, Sergeant Nietzel ordered the three remaining members of his squad to return to the company command post and secure aid. He immediately turned his attention to covering their movement with his fire. After expending all his machine gun ammunition, Sergeant Nietzel began firing his rifle into the attacking ranks until he was killed by the explosion of an enemy grenade."^[8]

After his death, he was temporarily interred at the Henri-Chapelle American Cemetery and Memorial in Belgium and repatriated to the United States in 1949.^[9]

On April 19, 1949, a week before what would have been his 28th birthday, Nietzel was buried at the Long Island National Cemetery in Farmingdale, New York.^[9] On the same day and in the adjoining gravesite, his younger brother William Nietzel, a private in the Army Air Corps was also buried. William died of non-combat causes on April 6, 1944, at Horsham Airfield in Norwich, England.^[10]

Honors and awards

In addition to Nietzel's original 1945 Distinguished Service Cross and his 2014 Medal of Honor, other awards and recognition for his war service included: Bronze Star Medal, Purple Heart, American Defense Service Medal, European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal with one Bronze Service Star, World War II Victory Medal, Presidential Unit Citation and the Combat Infantryman Badge.^[8]

References

^ "Sergeant Alfred B. Nietzel". Army.mil. Retrieved March 19, 2014.
^ Daniel Rothberg (2014-02-21). "Obama will award Medal of Honor to 24 overlooked Army veterans". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2014-02-21.
^ 1920 United States Federal Census; Census Place: Bronx Assembly District 2, Bronx, New York; Roll: T625_1132; Page: 17B; Enumeration District: 132; Image: 887, "Albert Nietzel."
^ 1940 United States Federal Census; Census Place: Middletown, Orange, New York; Roll: T627_2709; Page: 16A; Enumeration District: 36-41, "Albert Nietzel."
^ U.S., Social Security Death Index, 1935-2014, Number: 131-42-1283; Issue State: New York; Issue Date: 1967.
^ WWII Army Enlistment Records
^ "Governors Island National Monument on Facebook". Facebook. Archived from the original on 2022-04-27.^{[user-generated source]}
^ ^a ^b "Alfred Nietzel - Recipient". The Wall of Valor Project - Medal of Honor. Military Times. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
^ ^a ^b "Nietzel, Alfred B." Interment Control Forms, 1928–1962. Interment Control Forms, A1 2110-B. Records of the Office of the Quartermaster General, 1774–1985, Record Group 92. The National Archives at College Park, College Park, Maryland.
^ "Nietzel, William E." Interment Control Forms, 1928–1962. Interment Control Forms, A1 2110-B. Records of the Office of the Quartermaster General, 1774–1985, Record Group 92. The National Archives at College Park, College Park, Maryland.