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Alcadia
	Alcadia conuloides
	Alcadia maxima
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Subclass:	Neritimorpha
Order:	Cycloneritida
Superfamily:	Helicinoidea
Family:	Helicinidae
Subfamily:	Helicininae
Genus:	Alcadia; Gray, 1840
Type species
	Helicina major J. E. Gray, 1824;
Synonyms
	See list

Alcadia is a genus of tropical and subtropical land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Helicininae of the family Helicinidae. ^[2]

Description

Alcadia differs from the Helicininae in having a slit in front of the aperture, into which is fitted the tooth-like process of the operculum. ^[1]

Species

Species within the genus Alcadia include:

Alcadia affinis C.B. Adams, 1846
Alcadia alta (G. B. Sowerby II, 1866)
Alcadia aurantia (J. E. Gray, 1824)
Alcadia bahamensis (L. Pfeiffer, 1862)
Alcadia bermudezi Aguayo & Jaume, 1957^[3]
Alcadia binneyana (L. Pfeiffer, 1866)
Alcadia blandiana Weinland, 1880
Alcadia boeckeleri (Richling, 2001)
Alcadia brownii (J. E. Gray, 1824)
Alcadia bullula Hausdorf, 2006
Alcadia camagueyana Aguayo & Jaume, 1957^[3]
Alcadia charmosyne (Pilsbry, 1933)
Alcadia chocoensis Roosen, 2023
Alcadia citrinolabris (C. B. Adams, 1849)
Alcadia concinna (Gundlach in Pfeiffer, 1857)^[3]
Alcadia consanguinea (C. B. Adams, 1851)
Alcadia conuloides (Guppy, 1868)
Alcadia decussata Hausdorf, 2006
Alcadia delmonteana Pilsbry, 1933
Alcadia dissimulans (Poey, 1858)^[3]
Alcadia dubiosa (C. B. Adams, 1850)
Alcadia erythrozona Dean, 1931
Alcadia euglypta Clench & Aguayo, 1950^[3]
Alcadia exigua (L. Pfeiffer, 1849)
Alcadia gonavensis Weinland, 1880
Alcadia gonostoma (Gundlach in Poey, 1858)^[3]
Alcadia guadaloupensis (G. B. Sowerby II, 1842)
Alcadia haitensis (Maltzan, 1888)
Alcadia hirsuta (C. B. Adams, 1851)
Alcadia hispida (Pfeiffer, 1839)^[3]
Alcadia hjalmarsoni (L. Pfeiffer, 1856)
Alcadia hojarasca (Richling, 2001)
Alcadia hollandi (C. B. Adams, 1849)
Alcadia iheringi A. J. Wagner, 1911
Alcadia incrustata (Gundlach in Pfeiffer, 1859)^[3]
Alcadia intusplicata (L. Pfeiffer, 1851)
Alcadia jamaicensis (G. B. Sowerby II, 1842)
Alcadia kuehni (L. Pfeiffer, 1872)
Alcadia lewisi Pilsbry, 1942
Alcadia macilenta (C. B. Adams, 1849)
Alcadia major (J. E. Gray, 1824)
Alcadia mammilla Weinland, 1862
Alcadia maxima G.B. Sowerby II, 1842
Alcadia mcleani Clench, 1937
Alcadia megastoma (C. B. Adams, 1849)
Alcadia microstoma (C. B. Adams, 1851)
Alcadia minima (d’Orbigny, 1842)^[3]
Alcadia moussoniana (L. Pfeiffer, 1866)
Alcadia neebiana (Pfeiffer, 1862)^[3]
Alcadia nitida (Pfeiffer, 1839)^[3]
Alcadia nobilis (C. B. Adams, 1851)
Alcadia nodulosa Hausdorf, 2006
Alcadia novogranadensis Hausdorf, 2006
Alcadia nuda (Arango in Pfeiffer, 1866)^[3]
Alcadia pellucida (G. B. Sowerby II, 1842)
Alcadia pompholyx (Pilsbry, 1933)
Alcadia pusilla (C. B. Adams, 1850)
Alcadia rhamphostyla (L. Pfeiffer, 1857)
Alcadia rotunda (d’Orbigny, 1842)^[3]
Alcadia rufa (L. Pfeiffer, 1857)
Alcadia schrammi (Crosse, 1872)
Alcadia sericea (Drouët, 1859)
Alcadia solitaria (C. B. Adams, 1845)
Alcadia spectabilis (Pfeiffer, 1858)^[3]
Alcadia succinea (L. Pfeiffer, 1850)
Alcadia velutina (Poey, 1858)^[3]

Synonyms of Alcadia

Alcadia (Alcadia) J. E. Gray, 1840 · alternative representation
Alcadia (Bellula) A. J. Wagner, 1908 junior subjective synonym
Alcadia (Eualcadia) A. J. Wagner, 1907 junior subjective synonym
Alcadia (Glyptalcadia) Boss & Jacobson, 1973 · alternative representation
Alcadia (Hispida) A. J. Wagner, 1907 junior homonym (invalid; not Bate, 1868, Penisoltia is a replacement name)
Alcadia (Hjalmarsona) H. B. Baker, 1940 · alternative representation
Alcadia (Idesa) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1856 alternative representation ^[4]
Alcadia (Incrustata) A. J. Wagner, 1907 junior homonym
Alcadia (Intusplicata) A. J. Wagner, 1907 alternative representation
Alcadia (Leialcadia) A. J. Wagner, 1907 (junior synonym)
Alcadia (Mamilla) A. J. Wagner, 1907 alternative representation
Alcadia (Megastoma) A. J. Wagner, 1907 junior homonym (invalid; not Rafinesque, 1814)
Alcadia (Microalcadia) Richling, 2004 alternative representation
Alcadia (Palliata) A. J. Wagner, 1907 alternative representation
Alcadia (Penisoltia) H. B. Baker, 1954 alternative representation
Alcadia (Weinlandella) H. B. Baker, 1954 unavailable name (unnecessary replacement name for Mamilla)
Eualcadia A. J. Wagner, 1907 (junior synonym)
Helicina (Alcadia) J. E. Gray, 1840 (unaccepted rank)
Helicina (Idesa) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1856 superseded combination
Helicina (Isoltia) Guppy, 1895 junior subjective synonym
Helicina (Schrammia) Guppy, 1895 superseded combination
Hispida A. J. Wagner, 1907 (invalid; not Bate, 1868, Penisoltia is a replacement name)
Idesa H. Adams & A. Adams, 1856 ·
Isoltia Guppy, 1895 (junior synonym)
Leialcadia A. J. Wagner, 1907 ·
Schrammia Guppy, 1895 junior subjective synonym

Synonyms

Alcadia appuni (E. von Martens, 1873): synonym of Helicina tamsiana appuni E. von Martens, 1873 (superseded combination)
Alcadia balteata Aguayo & Jaume, 1954: synonym of Alcadia minima (A. d'Orbigny, 1842) (junior synonym)
Alcadia capax L. Pfeiffer, 1857: synonym of Alcadia minima (A. d'Orbigny, 1842) (junior synonym)
Alcadia ciliata (Poey, 1852): synonym of Emoda ciliata (Poey, 1852) ( superseded combination)
Alcadia colombiana (R. A. Philippi, 1847): synonym of Helicina columbiana R. A. Philippi, 1847 (superseded combination)
Alcadia deppeana (E. von Martens, 1863): synonym of Helicina zephyrina deppeana E. von Martens, 1863 (superseded rank and combination)
Alcadia dysoni (L. Pfeiffer, 1849): synonym of Helicina dysoni L. Pfeiffer, 1849 (unaccepted combination)
Alcadia gundlachi L. Pfeiffer, 1854: synonym of Alcadia (Penisoltia) minima (A. d'Orbigny, 1842) represented as Alcadia minima (A. d'Orbigny, 1842)
Alcadia quinonesi Clench & Aguayo, 1950: synonym of Alcadia minima (A. d'Orbigny, 1842) (junior synonym)
Alcadia quiñonesi Clench & Aguayo, 1950: synonym of Alcadia minima (A. d'Orbigny, 1842) (misspelling - incorrect original spelling)
Alcadia striata (Lamarck, 1822): synonym of Helicina striata Lamarck, 1822 (superseded combination)
Alcadia subfusca (Menke, 1828): synonym of Alcadia striata (Lamarck, 1822): synonym of Helicina striata Lamarck, 1822 (junior synonym)
Alcadia tamsiana (L. Pfeiffer, 1851): synonym of Helicina tamsiana L. Pfeiffer, 1851 (superseded combination)

References

^ ^a ^b Gray J. E. (1840). Synopsis of the contents of the British Museum: 1-165. London. Alcadia is on the page 42.
^ MolluscaBase eds. (2024). MolluscaBase. Alcadia J. E. Gray, 1840. Accessed through: World Register of Marine * At: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=996448 on 2024-07-24
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o "Mollusca" Archived 2011-07-18 at the Wayback Machine. Diversidad Biológica Cubana, accessed 23 March 2011.
^ Adams H. & Adams A. (1856). The genera of Recent Mollusca, Helicinidae 2: 300-309, 3: pl. 87. London. Idesa is on the page 304.

Bank, R. A. (2017). Classification of the Recent terrestrial Gastropoda of the World. Last update: July 16th, 2017.

External links

Boss, K. J.; Jacobson, M. K (1973). "Monograph of the genus Alcadia in Cuba (Mollusca: Prosobranchia: Helicinidae)". Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. 145: 311–358. Retrieved 25 July 2024.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Baker, H.B. (1940). "New subgenera of Antillean Helicinidae". The Nautilus. 54 (2): 70–71. Retrieved 25 July 2024.
Richling, I. (2004). "Classification of the Helicinidae: Review of morphological characteristics based on a revision of the Costa Rican species and application to the arrangement of the Central American mainland taxa (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Neritopsina)". Malacologia. 45 (2): 195–440. Retrieved 25 July 2024.
Baker, H.B. (1954). "New subgeneric names in Helicinidae". The Nautilus. 67 (4): 139–140. Retrieved 25 July 2024.
Wagner, A.J. (1907–1911). Die Familie der Helicinidae. In: Küster, H. C. & Kobelt, W., Eds., Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz, Neue Folge. Ersten Bandes, achtzehnte Abtheilung, zweiter Theil. Nürnberg: Bauer & Raspe. Retrieved 25 July 2024.
Guppy, R. J. L (1895). "On a landshell of the genus Helicina from Grenada and on the classification of the Helicinidae". Proceedings of the Victoria Institute of Trinidad: 72–77. Retrieved 25 July 2024.
Adams, H. & Adams, A. (1853–1858). The genera of Recent Mollusca; arranged according to their organization. London: van Voorst. p. 304. Retrieved 25 July 2024.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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[Gray-1] Gray J. E. (1840). Synopsis of the contents of the British Museum: 1-165. London. Alcadia is on the page 42.

[WoRMS-2] MolluscaBase eds. (2024). MolluscaBase. Alcadia J. E. Gray, 1840. Accessed through: World Register of Marine * At: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=996448 on 2024-07-24

[ecosis.cu-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o "Mollusca" Archived 2011-07-18 at the Wayback Machine. Diversidad Biológica Cubana, accessed 23 March 2011.

[4] Adams H. & Adams A. (1856). The genera of Recent Mollusca, Helicinidae 2: 300-309, 3: pl. 87. London. Idesa is on the page 304.

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