Friedrich von Pourtalès Louise de Castellane-Norante
Albert Alexander, Graf von Pourtalès (10 September 1812 – 18 December 1861), was a Prussian diplomat and leading representative of the Wochenblatt Party.
Early life
Pourtalès was born on 10 September 1812 in Paris into a family descended from French Huguenots that had first been ennobled under King Frederick II in 1750. He was a son of Count Friedrich von Pourtalès (1779–1861), Privy Councilor and Prussian Master of Ceremonies, and Louise de Castellane-Norante (1793–1881), the daughter of the French Lt.-Col. Michel Ange Boniface, Marquis de Castellane-Norante. His brother, Wilhelm von Pourtalès, was the father of Friedrich von Pourtalès.[1]
The family was based in Neuchâtel, which belonged to the Kingdom of Prussia. His grandfather Jacob Ludwig Pourtalès (1722–1811) built up a considerable fortune there as a merchant and landowner. His father, and his father's two brothers, were made Prussian Counts by King Friedrich Wilhelm III in 1814.[1]
From 1835 to 1836, Pourtalès travelled around the United States.[2]
Career
After receiving training, Pourtalès entered the diplomatic service, working in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and at foreign missions. He was a diplomat in London, Naples and Constantinople until 1844. He then worked as a Legation councilor in the ministry in Berlin until 1844. At the beginning of the German revolutions of 1848, he was involved in drawing up escape plans for King Frederick William IV, which were never used, and was involved in the negotiations for the Armistice of Malmö in 1848.[3]
During the Crimean War, Pourtalès advocated that Prussia should bind itself to Great Britain and France in an attempt to achieve a stronger position for Prussia vis-à-vis Russia in foreign policy and to strengthen liberal currents in domestic policy. During the war he was sent on a diplomatic mission to London in 1853. There he tried to represent the Prussian policy of "active neutrality". Since the approach was clearly directed against Austria-Hungary, it ultimately failed.[3]
In Germany, Pourtalès took the position in 1853 that military unity would be necessary through the supreme command of the German Confederation's troops to Prussia. He proposed a permanent ministerial congress of the German states.[5]
Although there was considerable similarity with Prussia in terms of the Crimean War and strategy, Pourtalès was one of Otto von Bismarck's harshest critics during this time and clearly recognized his increasingly functional relationship with the conservatives.[5]
After the failure of the London mission, Pourtalès had to withdraw from the diplomatic service, in part due to the conflict between the King and his successor (later William I). Pourtalès then traveled to Switzerland and Venice. With the beginning of the New Era, he became Envoy to Paris in 1859 and, in that capacity, organized William I's visit to Napoleon III. His successor was Otto von Bismarck in 1862.[5]
In 1847, Pourtalès married Anna von Bethmann-Hollweg (1827–1892) in Bonn, a daughter of the lawyer and Minister Moritz August von Bethmann-Hollweg. The couple had two daughters:[6]
Elizabeth von Pourtalès (1847–1866), who died unmarried.[1]
Konstanze Josephine Mathilde Wilhelmine Helene von Pourtalès (1849–1940), who married the painter Count Ferdinand von Harrach in 1868.[7][8]
^ abcHans Friedrich von Ehrenkrook, Friedrich Wilhelm Euler, Jürgen von Flotow: Genealogisches Handbuch der Gräflichen Häuser, B (Briefadel) 1960, Band II, Band 23 der Gesamtreihe GHdA, C. A. Starke, Limburg an der Lahn 1960, S. 312–313. ISSN0435-2408
