The quarry workings at Aislaby are 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Whitby,[1] and were known to have been in existence by the 11th century, as the majority of Whitby Abbey was constructed of stone quarried from the area.[2] The West and East Piers at Whitby were faced with 6 tonnes (6.6 tons) blocks of Aislaby stone.[3]
Besides being used for building purposes, some of the stone from Aislaby was used in decorative work such as crosses used in churches.[4] Examples of this stone worked decoratively have been found in churches the area including Whitby Abbey, Lythe, Church of St Mary, Lastingham, and Hovingham.[5][6][7] The Easby Cross, which dates to the early 9th century, has been matched to the same "medium-grained deltaic sandstone traditionally produced in the Aislaby quarries of Eskdale, near Whitby".[8] It is theorised that pack horses took sections of the stone west from Aislaby to the valley of the River Swale, but it is unknown who paid for the cross.[9]
In May 2002, the quarry was re-opened to allow new stone to be quarried to provide repairs for structures which used Aislaby Stone in the first place, such as the east pier at Scarborough.[10] It was again reopened in the 2010s, specifically to supply stone for a renovation programme on the East and West Piers at Whitby.[11] The quarry was registered in 2020 as Eskdale stone, working sandstone from the Saltwick and Cloughton formations of Jurassic sandstone.[12]
Notable structures
The structures listed below were built with stone quarried at Aislaby (not all structures are entirely of Aislaby stone);
^Lang, James (2001). Corpus of Anglo-Saxon stone sculpture in England. Oxford: Published for the British Academy by the Oxford University Press. p. 17. ISBN0-19-726256-2.
^ abLang, James (2001). Corpus of Anglo-Saxon stone sculpture in England. Oxford: Published for the British Academy by the Oxford University Press. p. 19. ISBN0-19-726256-2.
^Cameron, D. G.; Evans, E. J.; Idoine, N.; Mankelow, J.; Parry, S. F.; Patton, M. A. G.; Hill, A. (2020). Directory of mines and quarries (11 ed.). Keyworth: British Geological Society. p. 110. ISBN978-0-85272-789-8.
^Hull, Edward (1872). A treatise on the building and ornamental stones of Great Britain and foreign countries : arranged according to their geological distribution and mineral character, with illustrations of their application in ancient and modern structures. London: MacMillan & Co. p. 258. OCLC1183522.
^"New jobs as hotel expands". Evening Gazette. 28 February 2006. p. 6. ISSN2056-6131.
^Vesey, Barbara (2003). The hidden places of East Anglia : including Essex, Suffolk, Norfolk and Cambridgeshire (7 ed.). Aldermaston: Travel. p. 275. ISBN1-902-00791-3.
^Rahtz, Philip A. (2021). St Gregory's Minster, Kirkdale, North Yorkshire archaeological investigations and historical context. Oxford: Archaeopress. p. 2. ISBN978-1-78969-482-6.
^Notes on building construction : arranged to meet the requirements of the syllabus of the Board of Education, South Kensington. Part 3, Materials (5 ed.). London: Longmans, Green and Co. 1901. p. 39. ISBN978-0-7277-5152-2.
^Watson, John (2015). British and foreign building stones : a descriptive catalogue of the specimens in the Sedgwick Museum, Cambridge. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. p. 175. ISBN978-1-107-50578-0.
^"Whitby Aislaby Quarries". The Civil engineer and architect's journal. 2. London: Laxton: 373. 1839. OCLC8416446.
Sources
Dobson, Lemont (2006). Landscape, monuments and the construction of social power in early medieval Deira (Thesis). York: University of York. OCLC500635358.