On 21 June 2012, Mbengue was promoted to Orlando City's senior roster, making him the first player in club history to be promoted from the U23s to the pro side.[4] He made his professional debut the following day in a 3–0 win over the Harrisburg City Islanders.[5]
In June 2017, Mbengue joined Ligue 1 side Caen on a four-year contract.[8]
On 19 July 2021, he signed a one-year contract with Châteauroux in the third tier.[9]
International career
On 16 March 2017, Adama Mbengue was called up for the first time to Senegal's national team by coach Aliou Cissé,[10] for friendly matches against Nigeria and Ivory Coast. He celebrated his first selection by an incumbent against Nigeria on 23 March (1-1).
On 17 June 2018, Mbengue was called up to the Senegal squad for the 2018 FIFA World Cup to replace Saliou Ciss who injured himself in training.[11]