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759 Vinifera
	Modelled shape of Vinifera from its lightcurve
Discovery
Discovered by	F. Kaiser
Discovery site	Heidelberg Obs.
Discovery date	26 August 1913
Designations
MPC designation	(759) Vinifera
Pronunciation	/vaɪˈnɪfərə/
Named after	Vitis vinifera; (common grape vine)
Alternative designations	A913 QC · 1913 SJ
Minor planet category	main-belt · (middle); background ;
Orbital characteristics
	Epoch 31 May 2020 (JD 2459000.5)
	Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc	106.44 yr (38,879 d)
Aphelion	3.1565 AU
Perihelion	2.0806 AU
Semi-major axis	2.6185 AU
Eccentricity	0.2054
Orbital period (sidereal)	4.24 yr (1,548 d)
Mean anomaly	79.523°
Mean motion	0° 13m 57.36s / day
Inclination	19.905°
Longitude of ascending node	318.35°
Argument of perihelion	0.9245°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions	59.0 km × 29.3 km
Mean diameter	45.11±2.6 km; 46.48±0.80 km; 52.926±0.199 km;
Synodic rotation period	14.229±0.003 h
Geometric albedo	0.040±0.012; 0.052±0.002; 0.0548±0.007;
Spectral type	SMASS = X
Absolute magnitude (H)	10.50; 10.60;

759 Vinifera (prov. designation: A913 QC or 1913 SJ) is a large background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 50 kilometers (31 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 26 August 1913, by German astronomer Franz Kaiser at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in southwest Germany.^[1] The dark X-type asteroid has a rotation period of 14.2 hours and a heavily elongated shape. It was named after the plant species vitis vinifera, also known as the common grape vine.^[3]

Orbit and classification

Vinifera is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population when applying the hierarchical clustering method to its proper orbital elements.^[5]^[6] It orbits the Sun in the central asteroid belt at a distance of 2.1–3.2 AU once every 4 years and 3 months (1,548 days; semi-major axis of 2.62 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.21 and an inclination of 20° with respect to the ecliptic.^[4] The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation by Franz Kaiser at the Heidelberg Observatory on 26 August 1913.^[1]

Naming

This minor planet was named after the plant vitis vinifera, the common grape vine, to honor the discoverer's ancestors who were winemakers. The naming was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 76).^[3]

Physical characteristics

In the Bus–Binzel SMASS classification, Vinifera is an X-type asteroid.^[4]^[6]

Rotation period

In September 2002, a rotational lightcurve of Vinifera was obtained from photometric observations by Maurice Clark at the Goodsell Observatory (741) in Minnesota. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of 14.229±0.003 hours with a brightness variation of 0.36±0.02 magnitude (U=3).^[11] Other observation by Jean-Gabriel Bosch, Jacques Michelet and René Roy (2002), Brian Uzpen and Steven Kipp (2002), as well as René Roy and Eric Barbotin (2019), gave nearly identical periods of 14.212±0.001, 14.234±0.002 and 14.211±0.003 hours with an amplitude of 0.40±0.01, 0.40±0.02 and 0.36±0.02 magnitude, respectively (U=3/3/3).^[12]^[13]

Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), Vinifera measures (45.11±2.6), (46.48±0.80) and (52.926±0.199) kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of (0.0548±0.007), (0.052±0.002) and (0.040±0.012), respectively.^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]

Alternative mean diameter measurements published by the WISE team include (39.68±0.27 km), (54.967±20.56 km), (55.78±12.09 km) and (58.944±2.130 km) with corresponding albedos of (0.036±0.009), (0.0331±0.0356), (0.03±0.01) and (0.0311±0.0052).^[6]^[14] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.0500 and a diameter of 45.07 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.6.^[14]

On 13 January 2002, an asteroid occultation of Vinifera gave a best-fit ellipse dimension of (59.0 km × 29.3 km), with a quality rating of 2. Lower rated measurements on 3 October 2011 and on 20 November 2015, gave an ellipse dimension of (53.0 km × 53.0 km) and (47.0 km × 47.0 km), respectively. These timed observations are taken when the asteroid passes in front of a distant star.^[6]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "759 Vinifera (A913 QC)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
^ "vinifera". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
^ ^a ^b ^c Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(759) Vinifera". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 72. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_760. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 759 Vinifera (A913 QC)" (2020-02-05 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
^ ^a ^b "Asteroid 759 Vinifera – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Asteroid 759 Vinifera". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Mainzer, A. K.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; Kramer, E. A.; Masiero, J. R.; et al. (June 2016). "NEOWISE Diameters and Albedos V1.0". NASA Planetary Data System. Bibcode:2016PDSS..247.....M. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
^ ^a ^b Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121.
^ ^a ^b Clark, Maurice; Joyce, Brian (2003). "Asteroid lightcurve photometry from Goodsell Observatory (741)" (PDF). Minor Planet Bulletin. 30 (1): 4–7. Bibcode:2003MPBu...30....4C. ISSN 1052-8091.
^ Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (759) Vinifera". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
^ Uzpen, Brian; Kipp, Steven (September 2003). "Rotational periods of asteroids 34, 239, 759, and 963" (PDF). Minor Planet Bulletin. 30 (3): 59–61. Bibcode:2003MPBu...30...59U. ISSN 1052-8091.
^ ^a ^b "LCDB Data for (759) Vinifera". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 2 June 2020.