57th Legislature of the National Congress

57th Legislature of National Congress
←56th 58th→
National Congress building (2019)
Overview
Legislative bodyNational Congress
Meeting placeNational Congress Palace
Term1 February 2023 – 31 January 2027
Election2 October 2022
GovernmentSecond Lula cabinet
Websitecongressonacional.leg.br
Federal Senate
Members81 senators
President of the SenateRodrigo Pacheco (PSD-MG)
Chamber of Deputies
Members513 deputies
President of the ChamberArthur Lira (PP-AL)
Sessions
1st1 February 2023 – 22 December 2023
2nd5 February 2024 – 20 December 2024

The 57th Legislature of National Congress is the current meeting of the legislative branch of the Federal Government of Brazil, composed by the Federal Senate and the Chamber of Deputies. It convened in Brasília on 1 February 2023, a month after the inauguration of the winner of the 2022 presidential election.

In the 2022 elections, the Liberal Party became the largest party in the Chamber with 99 deputies and in the Senate with 13 senators.[1][a]

Major events

  • 1 February 2023: Congress convened. Members-elect of the Federal Senate and the Chamber of Deputies are sworn in. Election for the Directors' Board of the Chamber of Deputies and Senate. Senator Rodrigo Pacheco (PSD-MG) was re-elected Senate President and Congressman Arthur Lira (PP-AL) was re-elected Chamber President.[2][3]
  • 2 February 2023: Joint session of the National Congress to officially inaugurate the 57th Legislature.[4]
  • 23 May 2023: The Chamber passes 372-108 the Taxes Framework plan (PLP 93/2023) presented by the Ministry of Finances to partially replace the Constitutional Amendment of the Public Expenditure Cap.[5]
  • 30 May 2023: The Chamber passes 311-137 the new Temporal Landmark (PL 490/2007), which forbids new indigenous land registration after 5 October 1988 and new land demarcation must be analyzed by the Congress.[6][7]
  • 21 June 2023: The Senate approves the nomination of Cristiano Zanin for the Supreme Federal Court in a voting of 58–18.[8]
  • 6 July 2023: The Chamber passes 382-118, in a first round, and 375-113, in a second round, the Tax Reform plan (PEC 45/2019), which merges most of taxes over consumption into a value added tax.[9][10]
  • 21 June 2023: The Senate passes, with changes, the Taxes Framework plan (PLP 93/2023), in a voting of 57-17. The bill later returned to the Chamber for a last review.[11]
  • 22 August 2023: The Chamber passes the last review of the Taxes Framework plan (PLP 93/2023) in a voting of 379-64.[12]
  • 27 September 2023: The Senate passes 43–21 the new Temporal Landmark (PL 490/2007).[13]
  • 10 October 2023: The Chamber passes 312-0 a motion of disavowal to the Hamas attacks against Israel (REQ 3458/2023).[14]
  • 18 October 2023: The Chamber passes 323-98 a bill to authorize the membership of Bolivia in Mercosur (PDC 745/2017).[15] The 8 January CPMI approves 20-11 the final report, which requests a formal complaint against more than 60 people, including former president Jair Bolsonaro, his aide-de-camp Mauro Cid, former ministers Walter Braga Netto, Anderson Torres, Augusto Heleno, Luiz Eduardo Ramos, Paulo Sérgio Nogueira, former Navy Commander Almir Garnier Santos and former Army Commander Marco Antônio Freire Gomes.[16]
  • 20 October 2023: President Lula da Silva vetoes most of the Temporal Landmark (PL 490/2007), turning the rest of the bill into Law 14701/23.[17]
  • 25 October 2023: The Chamber passes 323-119 a bill to tax offshore assets and high income funds (PL 5173/23).[18]
  • 8 November 2023: The Senate passes 53-24, with changes, the Tax Reform plan (PEC 45/2019). The bill later returned to the Chamber for a last review.[19]
  • 22 November 2023: The Senate passes 52-18, in two rounds, a constitutional amendment to limit the powers of the Supreme Federal Court (PEC 8/2021).[20]
  • 27 November 2023: President Lula nominates Justice Minister Flávio Dino for Justice of the Supreme Court and Paulo Gonet for Prosecutor General.[21]
  • 13 December 2023: The Senate approves 47-31 the nomination of Flávio Dino for the Supreme Federal Court and 65-11 the nomination of Paulo Gonet for Prosecutor General.[22]
  • 5 February 2024: Congress convened for the opening of the 2nd session of the 57th Legislature. A message sent by president Lula was read by Congress First Secretary Luciano Bivar.[23][24]
  • 24 March 2024: Congressman Chiquinho Brazão (UNIÃO-RJ), along with his brother, Domingos Brazão, and former chief of Rio de Janeiro Civil Police, Rivaldo Barbosa, is arrested for ordering the assassination of councillor Marielle Franco.[25]
  • 10 April 2024: The Chamber approves 277-129 a resolution to keep congressman Chiquinho Brasão (Ind.-RJ) arrested (CMC 1/2024, converted into Resolution 9/2024).[26]
  • 16 April 2024: The Senate passes 53-9 a constitutional amendment to prohibit the possession and carrying of any amount of drugs (PEC 45/2023).[27]
  • 6 May 2024: The Chamber passes the declaration of public calamity sent by president Lula da Silva (MSC 175/2024) due to floods in Rio Grande do Sul.[28]
  • 7 May 2024: The Chamber passes the declaration of public calamity sent by president Lula da Silva (PDL 236-A/2024).[29]
  • 9 May 2024: President Lula da Silva announces a bill to allow R$ 50 billion of extraordinary credit for the reconstruction of cities of Rio Grande do Sul (MPV 1216/2024).[30]
  • 8 October 2024: The Senate confirms Gabriel Galípolo for President of the Central Bank of Brazil (MSF 42/2024).[31]
  • 30 October 2024: The Chamber rejects 262-136 an amendment to the Taxes Framework plan to tax high net worth.[32]

Party summary

Chamber of Deputies

Party or allianceVotes%Seats+/–
Liberal Party18,201,24616.6299+66[b]
Brazil
of Hope		Workers' Party13,170,62612.0267+11
Communist Party of Brazil1,154,7121.056–4[c]
Green Party954,5780.876+2
Brazil Union10,198,2889.3159–22[d]
Progressistas8,692,9187.9447+10
Social Democratic Party8,293,9567.5742+8
Brazilian Democratic Movement7,870,8107.1842+8
Republicans7,610,8946.9541+11[e]
Always
Forward		Brazilian Social Democracy Party3,309,0613.0213–16
Cidadania1,614,1061.475–3[f]
PSOL
REDE		Socialism and Liberty Party3,856,0313.5212+2
Sustainability Network783,6010.722+1
Brazilian Socialist Party4,172,3833.8114–18
Democratic Labour Party3,828,2893.4917–11
Podemos3,610,6343.3012–5[g]
Avante2,175,3551.9970
Social Christian Party1,944,6781.786–2
Solidarity1,697,1271.554–9
Patriota1,526,5701.394–5[h]
Brazilian Labour Party1,422,6521.301–9
New Party1,354,7541.243–5
Republican Party of the Social Order1,042,6980.954–4
Brazilian Labour Renewal Party288,0270.2600
Party of National Mobilization256,5780.230–3
Act158,6220.140–2[i]
Christian Democracy97,7410.090–1
Brazilian Communist Party85,5110.0800
Brazilian Woman's Party83,0550.0800
Popular Unity54,5860.050New
United Socialist Workers' Party27,9950.0300
Workers' Cause Party7,3080.0100
Total109,545,390100.005130
Valid votes109,545,39088.92
Invalid votes6,149,0564.99
Blank votes7,501,1256.09
Total votes123,195,571100.00
Registered voters/turnout155,557,50379.20
Source: Superior Electoral Court

Federal Senate

Party or allianceVotes%Seats
ElectedTotal+/–
Liberal Party25,278,76425.39813+11[j]
Brazilian Socialist Party13,615,84613.6711–1
Brazil
of Hope		Workers' Party12,024,69612.0849+3
Green Party475,5970.48000
Communist Party of Brazil299,0130.30000
Social Democratic Party11,312,51211.36210+3
Progressistas7,592,3917.6237+2
Brazil Union5,465,4865.49512+2[k]
Social Christian Party4,285,4854.30110
Republicans4,259,2794.2823+2[l]
Brazilian Democratic Movement3,882,4583.90110–2
Brazilian Labour Party2,046,0032.0500–3
Podemos1,776,2831.7806–1[m]
Democratic Labour Party1,586,9221.5902–2
Always
Forward		Brazilian Social Democracy Party1,384,8711.3904–5
Cidadania00.0001–1[n]
Avante1,359,4551.37000
Brazilian Labour Renewal Party758,9380.76000
PSOL
REDE		Socialism and Liberty Party675,2440.68000
Sustainability Network8,1330.0101–4
New Party479,5930.48000
Popular Unity291,2940.2900New
Republican Party of the Social Order213,2470.21010
United Socialist Workers' Party132,6800.13000
Christian Democracy94,0980.09000
Patriota76,7290.0800–1[o]
Brazilian Communist Party64,5690.06000
Brazilian Woman's Party61,3500.06000
Party of National Mobilization27,8120.03000
Act24,0760.0200–1[p]
Solidarity17,3390.0200–1
Workers' Cause Party5,5720.01000
Independent00.0000–1
Total99,575,735100.0027810
Valid votes99,575,73580.83
Invalid votes14,279,52711.59
Blank votes9,340,3097.58
Total votes123,195,571100.00
Registered voters/turnout155,557,50379.20
Source: Superior Electoral Court

Leadership

Federal Senate

Senate President
Rodrigo Pacheco (PSD-MG)
1 February 2023 president election
CandidatePartyVotes%
Rodrigo Pacheco (MG) Green tickYPSD4960.49
Rogério Marinho (RN)PL3239.51
Total81100.00
Valid votes81100.00
Invalid/blank votes00.00
Total votes81100.00
Registered voters/turnout81100.00

Chamber of Deputies

Chamber President
Arthur Lira (PP-AL)
Further information: 2025 President of the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil election
1 February 2023 president election
CandidatePartyVotes%
Arthur Lira (AL) Green tickYPP46492.06
Chico Alencar (RJ)PSOL214.17
Marcel van Hattem (RS)NOVO193.77
Total504100.00
Valid votes50499.02
Invalid/blank votes50.98
Total votes509100.00
Registered voters/turnout51399.22

Members

Federal Senate

Chamber of Deputies

Commissions

Federal Senate

Commission Chair
Agriculture and Agrarian Reform Soraya Thronicke (PODE-MS)
Communication and Digital Law Eduardo Gomes (PL-TO)
Constitution, Justice and Citizenship Davi Alcolumbre (UNIÃO-AP)
Defense of Democracy Eliziane Gama (PSD-MA)
Economic Affairs Vanderlan Cardoso (PSD-GO)
Education and Culture Flávio Arns (PSB-PR)
Environment Leila Barros (PDT-DF)
Ethics and Parliamentary Decorum Jayme Campos (UNIÃO-MT)
External Relations and National Defence Renan Calheiros (MDB-AL)
Human Rights and Participative Legislation Paulo Paim (PT-RS)
Infrastructure Services Confúcio Moura (MDB-RO)
Public Security Sérgio Petecão (PSD-AC)
Regional Development and Tourism Marcelo Castro (MDB-PI)
Science and Technology Carlos Viana (PODE-MG)
Social Affairs Humberto Costa (PT-PE)
Sports Romário Faria (PL-RJ)
Transparency, Governance, Inspection and Control and Consumer Defence Omar Aziz (PSD-AM)

Chamber of Deputies

Commission Chair
Administration and Public Service Waldemar Oliveira (AVANTE-PE)
Agriculture, Livestock, Supply and Rural Development Vicentinho Junior (PP-TO)
Amazon and Originary and Traditional People Dilvanda Faro (PT-PA)
Communication Silas Câmara (Republicanos-AM)
Consumer Defence Fabio Schiochet (UNIÃO-SC)
Constitution, Justice and Citizenship Caroline de Toni (PL-SC)
Culture Aliel Machado (PV-PR)
Defense of Women Rights Ana Pimentel (PT-MG)
Defense of Elderly People Rights Pedro Aihara (PRD-MG)
Defense of People with Disabilities Rights Weliton Prado (Solidariedade-MG)
Economic Development Danilo Forte (UNIÃO-CE)
Education Nikolas Ferreira (PL-MG)
Environment and Sustainable Development Rafael Prudente (MDB-DF)
Ethics and Parliamentary Decorum Leur Lomanto Jr. (UNIÃO-BA)
Finances and Taxation Mário Negromonte Jr. (PP-BA)
Financial Oversight and Control Joseildo Ramos (PT-BA)
Foreign Affairs and National Defence Lucas Redecker (PSDB-RS)
Health Francisco Costa (PT-PI)
Human Rights, Minorities and Racial Equality Daiana Santos (PCdoB-RS)
Industry, Trade and Services Josenildo Abrantes (PDT-AP)
Labour Lucas Ramos (PSB-PE)
Mines and Energy Júnior Ferrari (PSD-PA)
National Integration and Regional Development José Rocha (UNIÃO-PA)
Participative Legislation Glauber Braga (PSOL-RJ)
Public Security and Fight Against Organized Crime Alberto Fraga (PL-DF)
Roads and Transports Gilberto Abramo (Republicanos-MG)
Science, Technology and Innovation Nely Aquino (PODE-MG)
Social Security, Social Assistance, Childhood, Adolescence and Family Eurico da Silva (PL-PE)
Sports Antonio Carlos Rodrigues (PL-SP)
Tourism Paulo Litro (PSD-PR)
Urban Development Eunício Oliveira (MDB-CE)

Parliamentary Inquiry Commissions

Commission Reason Chair Rapporteur House Status
8 January Congress attack Investigate the acts of action and omission occurred on 8 January at the Three Powers Plaza in Brasília Arthur Maia (UNIÃO-BA) Eliziane Gama (PSD-MA) National Congress Finished
Americanas S.A. Investigate the inconsistencies in the order of R$ 20 billion detected in accounting entries of the company Americanas S.A made in the year 2022 and in previous years Luiz Augusto Ribeiro (Republicanos-SE) Carlos Chiodini (MDB-SC) Chamber of Deputies Finished
Manipulation in football matches results Investigate schemes of manipulation of professional football matches results in Brazil Júlio Arcoverde (PP-PI) Felipe Carreras (PSB-PE) Chamber of Deputies Finished
Landless Workers' Movement Investigate the acts of the group Landless Workers' Movement, their real purpose and their financiers Luciano Zucco (Republicanos-RS) Ricardo Salles (PL-SP) Chamber of Deputies Finished
Non-governmental organizations Investigate facts related to non-governmental organizations and public interest civil society organizations Plínio Valério (PSDB-AM) Márcio Bittar (UNIÃO-AC) Federal Senate Finished
Pyramid schemes Investigate evidences of fraudulent operations on cryptocurrencies companies Aureo Ribeiro (Solidariedade-RJ) Ricardo Silva (PSD-SP) Chamber of Deputies Finished
Braskem Investigate the effects of socio-environmental legal responsibility of Braskem S.A., arising from Pinheiro/Braskem case in Maceió, Alagoas. Omar Aziz (PSD-AM) Rogério Carvalho (PT-SE) Federal Senate Active

Notes

  1. ^ As in Brazil the government is formed by a coalition, it is hard for a party to reach the majority of 257 deputies and/or 41 senators. Therefore, the majority party is the one with more members in each house.
  2. ^ Compared to the deputies of the Party of the Republic elected in 2018. The party was renamed Liberal Party in 2019.
  3. ^ Compared to the combined deputies of the Communist Party of Brazil and of the Free Fatherland Party elected in 2018. The parties merged after that election.
  4. ^ Compared to the combined deputies of the Social Liberal Party and of Democrats elected in 2018. The parties merged to form Brazil Union in 2022.
  5. ^ Compared to the deputies of the Brazilian Republican Party elected in 2018. The party was renamed Republicans in 2019.
  6. ^ Compared to the deputies of the Popular Socialist Party elected in 2018. The party was renamed Cidadania in 2019.
  7. ^ Compared to the combined deputies of Podemos and of the Humanist Party of Solidarity elected in 2018. The parties merged after that election.
  8. ^ Compared to the combined deputies of Patriota and of the Progressive Republican Party elected in 2018. The parties merged after that election.
  9. ^ Compared to the deputies of the Christian Labour Party elected in 2018. The party was renamed Act in 2022.
  10. ^ Compared to the senators of the Party of the Republic elected in 2018 or not up for election in 2018. The party was renamed Liberal Party in 2019.
  11. ^ Compared to the combined senators of Democrats and of the Social Liberal Party elected in 2018 or not up for election in 2018. The parties merged to form Brazil Union in 2022.
  12. ^ Compared to the senators of the Brazilian Republican Party elected in 2018 or not up for election in 2018. The party was renamed Republicans in 2019.
  13. ^ Compared to the combined senators of Podemos and of the Humanist Party of Solidarity elected in 2018 or not up for election in 2018. The parties merged after that election.
  14. ^ Compared to the senators of the Popular Socialist Party elected in 2018 or not up for election in 2018. The party was renamed Cidadania in 2019.
  15. ^ Compared to the combined senators of Patriota and of the Progressive Republican Party elected in 2018 or not up for election in 2018. The parties merged after that election.
  16. ^ Compared to the senators of the Christian Labour Party elected in 2018 or not up for election in 2018. The party was renamed Act in 2022.
  17. ^ Resigned to assume office as justice of the Supreme Federal Court.[33]
  18. ^ Died on 12 May 2024 due to toxoplasmosis.[34]
  19. ^ Expelled due to a decision ruled by the Superior Electoral Court.[35]
  20. ^ Resigned to assume office as director of Itaipu Binacional.[36]
  21. ^ Resigned to assume office of minister of the Federal Court of Accounts.[37]
  22. ^ Mandate revoked by the Superior Electoral Court for switching parties without a reason.[38]
  23. ^ Resigned to assume office as councillor of the State Court of Accounts of São Paulo.[41]

References

  1. ^ "PL de Bolsonaro conquista a maior bancada no Congresso Nacional". Diário do Poder (in Portuguese). 3 October 2022. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
  2. ^ "Rodrigo Pacheco é reeleito presidente do Senado". CNN Brasil (in Brazilian Portuguese). 1 February 2023. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
  3. ^ Maia, Gustavo (1 February 2023). "Arthur Lira é reeleito para comandar a Câmara com votação recorde". Veja (in Portuguese). Retrieved 1 February 2023.
  4. ^ "Congresso inaugura trabalhos legislativos e recebe mensagem de Lula nesta quinta-feira". Senado Notícias (in Brazilian Portuguese). 31 January 2023. Retrieved 2 February 2023.
  5. ^ "Câmara aprova texto-base do projeto do arcabouço fiscal; votação prossegue nesta quarta-feira". Câmara dos Deputados (in Brazilian Portuguese). 23 May 2023. Retrieved 30 May 2023.
  6. ^ "Câmara aprova o PL do Marco Temporal". Terra (in Brazilian Portuguese). 30 May 2023. Retrieved 30 May 2023.
  7. ^ Mendonça, Ana (19 August 2021). "Entenda o que é o PL 490 e os impactos sobre as terras indígenas". Estado de Minas (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 30 May 2023.
  8. ^ Netto, Paulo Roberto; Martins, Leonardo; Durães, Mariana; Ferreira, Lola; Nogueira, Carolina (21 June 2023). "Senado aprova indicação de Zanin ao STF por 58 votos a 18". UOL Notícias (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 21 June 2023.
  9. ^ Bimbati, Ana Paula; Vinhal, Gabriela; Pereira, Felipe; Nogueira, Carolina (6 July 2023). "Câmara aprova com folga texto-base da reforma tributária em primeiro turno". UOL Economia (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 6 July 2023.
  10. ^ Castro, Ana Paula; Clavery, Elisa; Barbiéri, Luiz Felipe (7 July 2023). "Câmara aprova texto da reforma tributária em 2° turno". G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 7 July 2023.
  11. ^ "Senado aprova o novo marco fiscal e devolve o texto à Câmara". Senado Federal (in Brazilian Portuguese). 21 June 2023. Retrieved 23 August 2023.
  12. ^ Clavery, Elisa; Barbiéri, Luiz Felipe; Castro, Ana Paula (22 August 2023). "Câmara aprova arcabouço fiscal e deixa de fora regra defendida pelo governo". G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 23 August 2023.
  13. ^ Gomes, Beatriz (27 September 2023). "PL do Marco Temporal é aprovado no Senado: veja como votaram os senadores". UOL Notícias (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 27 September 2023.
  14. ^ da Paz, Mayara (10 October 2023). "Câmara aprova moção de repúdio a ataques do Hamas contra Israel". CNN Brasil (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 16 October 2023.
  15. ^ da Paz, Mayara (18 October 2023). "Câmara aprova entrada da Bolívia no bloco do Mercosul; texto vai ao Senado". CNN Brasil (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 24 October 2023.
  16. ^ Lima, Kevin; Rodrigues, Paloma; Cassela, Vinícius; Resende, Sara; Falcão, Márcio (18 October 2023). "CPI dos Atos Golpistas aprova relatório final, e pede indiciamento de Bolsonaro e mais 60". G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 24 October 2023.
  17. ^ Pajolla, Murilo; Moncau, Gabriela (25 October 2023). "Marco temporal: veto de Lula barrou principais retrocessos, mas pontos sancionados preocupam indígenas e indigenistas". Brasil de Fato (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 26 October 2023.
  18. ^ "Câmara aprova projeto que tributa investimentos de brasileiros em offshores e fundos de alta renda". Câmara dos Deputados (in Brazilian Portuguese). 25 October 2023. Retrieved 26 October 2023.
  19. ^ Máximo, Wellton (8 November 2023). "Senado aprova reforma tributária; texto volta à Câmara". Agência Brasil (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  20. ^ "Senado aprova PEC que limita poderes do STF". CNN Brasil (in Brazilian Portuguese). 22 November 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2023.
  21. ^ Cury, Teo; Schroeder, Lucas (27 November 2023). "Lula confirma indicação de Flávio Dino ao STF e Paulo Gonet à PGR". CNN Brasil (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  22. ^ Cassela, Vinícius (13 December 2023). "Senado aprova Flávio Dino para o STF e Paulo Gonet a PGR". G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 13 December 2023.
  23. ^ "Com mensagens dos Poderes, Congresso abre ano legislativo na segunda". Senado Notícias (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2 February 2024. Retrieved 6 February 2024.
  24. ^ "Em mensagem enviada ao Congresso, Lula cita expectativa sobre nova política industrial". Câmara dos Deputados (in Brazilian Portuguese). 5 February 2024. Retrieved 6 February 2024.
  25. ^ Sadi, Andréia; Tavares, Bruno; Tralli, César; Lima, Daniela; Helder, Darlan; Pierre, Eduardo; Leitão, Leslie; Martins, Marco Antônio; Nery, Natuza; Guedes, Octavio; Nascimento, Rafael (24 March 2024). "PF prende Domingos Brazão e Chiquinho Brazão por mandar matar Marielle; delegado Rivaldo Barbosa também é preso". G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 24 March 2024.
  26. ^ Lima, Kevin; Barbiéri, Luiz Felipe; Rodrigues, Paloma (10 April 2024). "Câmara mantém prisão de deputado Chiquinho Brazão por suposto envolvimento no assassinato de Marielle Franco". G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 10 April 2024.
  27. ^ "Senado aprova PEC sobre drogas, que segue para a Câmara". Senado Notícias (in Brazilian Portuguese). 16 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
  28. ^ da Paz, Mayara (6 May 2024). "Chuvas no RS: Câmara reconhece calamidade para dar celeridade ao repasse de verbas". CNN Brasil (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 6 May 2024.
  29. ^ Craide, Sabrina (7 May 2024). "Senado aprova decreto que reconhece calamidade no Rio Grande do Sul". Agência Brasil (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 9 May 2024.
  30. ^ Freitas, Almir (9 May 2024). "Medida Provisória para reconstrução do RS prevê R$ 50 bilhões". Rádio Guaiba (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 9 May 2024.
  31. ^ Castro, Augusto (8 October 2024). "Senado aprova Gabriel Galípolo para presidir Banco Central". Senado Notícias (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 8 November 2024.
  32. ^ Pereira, Felipe (30 October 2024). "Câmara rejeita taxar fortunas e termina regulação da reforma tributária". UOL Economia (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 8 November 2024.
  33. ^ "Flávio Dino apresentará proposta para demissão sem salário para juízes e militares que cometerem crimes". Brasil de Fato (in Brazilian Portuguese). 19 February 2024. Retrieved 22 February 2024.
  34. ^ "Deputada federal Amália Barros morre aos 39 anos". G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). 12 May 2024. Retrieved 12 May 2024.
  35. ^ "Deltan Dallagnol é cassado e perde o mandato. Câmara acata ordem do TSE". Congresso em Foco (in Brazilian Portuguese). 6 June 2023. Retrieved 15 November 2023.
  36. ^ Krüger, Ana; Budel, Caio (15 March 2023). "Enio Verri renuncia ao mandato de deputado federal para assumir direção-geral de Itaipu; veja quem assume". G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 15 November 2023.
  37. ^ "Jhonatan de Jesus renuncia ao cargo de deputado para assumir vaga no TCU". Folha BV (in Brazilian Portuguese). 7 March 2023. Retrieved 15 November 2023.
  38. ^ "TSE decreta a perda do mandato do deputado federal Marcelo de Lima, de São Paulo". Carta Capital (in Brazilian Portuguese). 7 November 2023. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  39. ^ "Decisão do TSE abre caminho para retorno de Paulinho da Força à Câmara". Carta Capital (in Brazilian Portuguese). 8 November 2023. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  40. ^ Pontes, Felipe (21 November 2023). "Plenário do STF reverte condenação de ex-deputado Paulinho da Força". Agência Brasil (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  41. ^ "Marco Aurélio Bertaiolli toma posse administrativa como Conselheiro do TCESP". Tribunal de Contas do Estado de São Paulo (in Brazilian Portuguese). 27 September 2023. Retrieved 15 November 2023.

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Proposed train service in Berkshire, Surrey and Grreater London Heathrow Southern RailwayOverviewStatusProposedOwnerHeathrow Southern Railway LimitedLocaleLondon, England, UKTerminiHeathrow Terminal 5London WaterlooBasingstokeSouthampton CentralGuildfordPortsmouth HarbourServiceTypeUrban rail / Airport rail link proposalSystemNational RailHistoryPlanned opening2026 (2026)TechnicalTrack gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) Route map Map of the proposals, with the Elizab...

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Ethnic group native to England For other uses, see Demographics of England, English-speaking world, Englishman (disambiguation), and The English (TV series). English nation redirects here. For the country of the United Kingdom, see England. Englander redirects here. For the surname, see Englander (surname). Ethnic group English peopleRegions with significant populationsUnited Kingdom: 37.6 million inEngland and Wales (2011)[1]Significant English diaspora inUnited States46.5 million ...

 

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