391 Ingeborg

391 Ingeborg
Modelled shape of Ingeborg from its lightcurve
Discovery [1]
Discovered byM. F. Wolf
Discovery siteHeidelberg Obs.
Discovery date1 November 1894
Designations
(391) Ingeborg
PronunciationGerman: [ˈɪŋəbɔʁk] ⓘ[2]
Named after
unknown (Ingeborg)[3]
1894 BE · 1934 AJ
A894 VB
Mars-crosser [1][4][5]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc122.86 yr (44,875 days)
Aphelion3.0285 AU
Perihelion1.6120 AU
2.3203 AU
Eccentricity0.3052
3.53 yr (1,291 days)
292.16°
0° 16m 44.04s / day
Inclination23.202°
212.88°
147.06°
Mars MOID0.2350 AU
Physical characteristics
Dimensions15.75±3.05 km[6]
17.33±1.73 km[7]
18.15±0.19 km[8]
19.63 km (calculated)[5]
16 h[9]
26.39±0.02 h[10]
26.391±0.006 h[11]
26.4145±0.0005 h[12]
26.4146±0.0005 h[13]
26.4149±0.0001 h[14]
0.20 (assumed)[5]
0.282±0.056[7]
0.290±0.110[6]
0.34±0.16[6]
0.495±0.013[8]
Tholen = S [1]
SMASS = S [1][5]
10.10[8] · 10.21±0.81[15] · 10.80[1][6][7] · 10.9[5] · 10.9±0.2[16][9]

391 Ingeborg (prov. designation: A894 VB or 1894 BE) is an asteroid and second-largest Mars-crosser on an eccentric orbit from the asteroid belt. It was discovered by German astronomer Max Wolf on 1 November 1894, at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany. When discovered, it was observed for a couple of weeks, and follow-up observations were made in 1901 and 1904.[3][4]

Among the many thousands of named minor planets, Ingeborg is one of 120 asteroids, for which no official naming citation has been published. All of these low-numbered asteroids have numbers between 164 Eva and 1514 Ricouxa and were discovered between 1876 and the 1930s, predominantly by astronomers Auguste Charlois, Johann Palisa, Max Wolf and Karl Reinmuth.[17]

Ingeborg orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 1.6–3.0 AU once every 3 years and 6 months (1,291 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.31 and an inclination of 23° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] The stony S-type asteroid has a rotation period of 26.4 hours[3]

According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Ingeborg measures between 15.75 and 18.15 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.282 and 0.495.[6][7][8] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.20 and calculates a diameter of 19.63 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.9.[5] Other large Mars crossing minor planets include 132 Aethra (43 km), 323 Brucia (36 km), and 2204 Lyyli (25 km).

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 391 Ingeborg (1894 BE)" (2017-09-30 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
  2. ^ (German Names)
  3. ^ a b c Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(391) Ingeborg". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 47. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_392. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
  4. ^ a b "391 Ingeborg (1894 BE)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
  5. ^ a b c d e f "LCDB Data for (391) Ingeborg". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 2 November 2017.
  6. ^ a b c d e Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv:1509.02522. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117.
  7. ^ a b c d Alí-Lagoa, V.; Delbo', M. (July 2017). "Sizes and albedos of Mars-crossing asteroids from WISE/NEOWISE data". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 603: 8. arXiv:1705.10263. Bibcode:2017A&A...603A..55A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629917.
  8. ^ a b c d Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
  9. ^ a b Wisniewski, W. Z.; Michalowski, T. M.; Harris, A. W.; McMillan, R. S. (March 1995). "Photoelectric Observations of 125 Asteroids". Abstracts of the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. 26: 1511. Bibcode:1995LPI....26.1511W.
  10. ^ Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (391) Ingeborg". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
  11. ^ Koff, R. A.; Brincat, S. M.; Stephens, R. D.; Pravec, P. (September 2001). "Lightcurve Photometry of Asteroid 391 Ingeborg". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 28: 46–48. Bibcode:2001MPBu...28...46K.
  12. ^ Hanus, J.; Broz, M.; Durech, J.; Warner, B. D.; Brinsfield, J.; Durkee, R.; et al. (November 2013). "An anisotropic distribution of spin vectors in asteroid families". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 559: 19. arXiv:1309.4296. Bibcode:2013A&A...559A.134H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321993.
  13. ^ Hanus, J.; Durech, J.; Oszkiewicz, D. A.; Behrend, R.; Carry, B.; Delbo, M.; et al. (February 2016). "New and updated convex shape models of asteroids based on optical data from a large collaboration network". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 586: 24. arXiv:1510.07422. Bibcode:2016A&A...586A.108H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527441.
  14. ^ Durech, J.; Hanus, J.; Oszkiewicz, D.; Vanco, R. (March 2016). "Asteroid models from the Lowell photometric database". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 587: 6. arXiv:1601.02909. Bibcode:2016A&A...587A..48D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527573.
  15. ^ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007.
  16. ^ Pravec, Petr; Harris, Alan W.; Kusnirák, Peter; Galád, Adrián; Hornoch, Kamil (September 2012). "Absolute magnitudes of asteroids and a revision of asteroid albedo estimates from WISE thermal observations". Icarus. 221 (1): 365–387. Bibcode:2012Icar..221..365P. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2012.07.026.
  17. ^ Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "Appendix 11 – Minor Planet Names with Unknown Meaning". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – Fifth Revised and Enlarged revision. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 927–929. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.