January 16 – Octavian formally returns full power to the Senate; they give him the titles of Princeps and Augustus. He accepts this honor, having declined the alternative title of Romulus,[1] thus becoming first Roman emperor.
Caesar Augustus starts a new military reform. He reduces the number of legions to 26 and creates the Praetorian Guard (1,000 men).
^Gross, W. H. "The Propaganda of an Unpopular Ideology", in The Age of Augustus: Interdisciplinary Conference held at Brown University, April 30–May 2, 1982, edited by Rolf Winkes (Rhode Island: Centre for Old World Archaeology and Art, 1985), 35.