2024 Mauritian general election

2024 Mauritian general election
← 2019 10 November 2024
All 62 directly elected seats in the National Assembly (and up to 8 BLS seats)
 
Leader Pravind Jugnauth Navin Ramgoolam
Party MSM Labour Party
Alliance Alliance Lepep Alliance du Changement
Incumbent Prime Minister

Pravind Jugnauth
MSM



Politics of Mauritius
Constitution
Presidency
Government
Legislature
Judiciary
Elections
Administrative divisions
Foreign relations

General elections were held in Mauritius on 10 November 2024.[1] The election was called after the government reached a deal with the United Kingdom to end the Chagos Archipelago dispute. Shortly before the election, a wire-tapping scandal surfaced. The government responded by implementing a social media ban that was to last until after the election but was instead lifted a day later following public outcry.[2] Alliances contesting the election include Prime Minister Pravind Jugnauth's Alliance Lepep and former Prime Minister Navin Ramgoolam's Alliance du Changement. Votes will be counted on 11 November.

Background

At the 2019 snap election, the governing Mauritian Alliance, led by Prime Minister Pravind Jugnauth, won re-election, securing 42 seats. The opposition National Alliance, led by former Prime Minister Navin Ramgoolam, won 17 seats. Former Prime Minister Paul Bérenger's Mauritian Militant Movement secured nine, and the Rodrigues People's Organisation retained its two seats.[3][4] Jugnauth succeeded his father, Anerood Jugnauth, as prime minister in 2017, which was met with accusations of nepotism by the opposition.[5] Observers attributed the government's victory to economic growth and the commencement of infrastructure projects. The opposition and civil society groups alleged irregularities, including reports of misplaced ballots and inadequately trained election workers.[6]

After the election, Surendra Dayal, who unsuccessfully contested Prime Minister Jugnauth's constituency of Quartier Militare and Moka,[7] filed a lawsuit seeking to overturn the constituency's result. Dayal claimed that Jugnauth and the other two successful candidates, who were also from the Mauritian Alliance, had engaged in bribery and undue influence to win their seats. The case was dismissed on appeal in 2023.[8]

Wire-tapping scandal

In October 2024, a wire-tapping scandal broke out; the phone calls of numerous journalists, politicians, civil society members and foreign diplomats were reportedly tapped and leaked on the internet. Prime Minister Jugnauth and the Mauritius Police Force claimed that artificial intelligence had modified the leaked calls. Journalists affected by the tapping, however, said the calls were authentic. One journalist alleged the government's AI claims were an attempt to deflect attention from the scandal's fallout.[9]

Jugnauth announced an emergency committee would investigate the breach. Citing national security concerns, the government implemented a social media ban on 1 November, to last until the day after the election. Four suspects, including a former CEO of Telecom Mauritius, were arrested that day. The opposition claimed the ban was politically motivated and aimed at preventing the Jugnauth government's defeat at the polls.[10] Following widespread public uproar, the government reversed the ban on 2 November.[11]

Chagos Archipelago agreement

On 3 October, the Mauritian government announced an agreement with the United Kingdom had been reached that would end the Chagos Archipelago dispute, subject to a final treaty. The UK would relinquish the archipelago's sovereignty to Mauritius; however, Diego Garcia, which hosts a United States military, would be leased for 99 years.[12][13] Jugnauth said the lease would provide Mauritius with "billions of rupees".[14] The deal was met with varied reactions by the exiled Chagossians. While they praised the agreement as a likely step to return to the article, many Chagossians criticised the Mauritian and British governments for failing to include them in the negotiations.[12] Navin Ramgoolam and Paul Bérenger welcomed the transfer of the archipelago but criticised Jugnauth for agreeing to the lease of Diego Garcia.[15] The Linion Moris party accused Jugnauth of using the deal for political gain.[16] The day after the announcement, on 4 October, Jugnauth called the election.[1]

Electoral system

The National Assembly has 62 directly elected members; 60 represent 20 three-seat constituencies, and two are elected from a constituency on the island of Rodrigues. The elections are held using the block vote system, whereby voters have as many votes as seats available.[17] In what is commonly known as the Best Loser System, should a community fail to win parliamentary representation, the Electoral Supervisory Commission can appoint up to eight unsuccessful candidates from these communities with the most votes. The Electoral Commission divides the electorate into four communities: Hindus, Muslims, Sino-Mauritians and the general population; the latter comprises voters who do not belong to the first three.[18] Unless the president dissolves the National Assembly early, members serve a five-year term.[19]

Eligible candidates and voters are required to be at least 18 years old, citizens of the Commonwealth and have resided in Mauritius for at least two years before the nomination date.[17] A total of 1,002,857 individuals were registered to vote in this election.[20] Public officials stationed in Mauritius but enrolled in constituencies in Rodrigues or Agaléga and vice-versa are eligible to apply for proxy voting.[21] Candidates have to be proficient enough in English to participate in parliamentary procedures and declare which community they belong to.[17][18] They also require the nomination from at least six electors in their constituency and a deposit to be paid, which is refunded if they obtain at least 10% of the vote. Individuals ineligible to be contestants include those who have committed electoral offences, have served a prison sentence exceeding 12 months, have undisclosed government contracts or have undisclosed bankruptcy.[17]

Parties and candidates

The candidate nomination deadline was on 22 October.[22] A total of 73 parties were registered to contest the election.[23] Two major coalitions announced their participation in these elections: Alliance Lepep, formed in 2014 and led by Prime Minister Pravind Jugnauth, and Ramgoolam's Alliance du Changement, formed about one month before the 2024 Nomination Day. In addition to Jugnauth's Militant Socialist Movement, other member parties of the Alliance Lepep include Parti Mauricien Social Démocrate, Muvman Liberater, Plateforme Militante and Muvman Patriot Morisien.[22] Parties in Alliance du Changement included Ramgoolam's Labour Party, former Prime Minister Paul Bérenger's Mauritian Militant Movement, Rezistans ek Alternativ and Nouveaux Démocrates.[24] A total of 891 candidates contested the election,[25] Alliance Lepep and Alliance du Changement fielded 60 candidates each. There were 514 independent contestants, and the remaining candidates were affiliated with other parties or alliances.[26] As in the 2019 election, the Rodrigues People's Organisation only contested the Rodrigues constituency.[27][28]

Major alliance Member parties Alliance leader
Alliance Lepep Militant Socialist Movement Pravind Jugnauth
Muvman Liberater
Muvman Patriot Morisien
Plateforme Militante
Parti Mauricien Social Démocrate
Alliance du Changement Labour Party Navin Ramgoolam
Mauritian Militant Movement
Nouveaux Démocrates
Rezistans ek Alternativ

Campaign

Major issues among voters included the cost of living crisis, corruption and crime. Many Mauritians called for government-sponsored rehabilitation and education to combat the rising rates of drug use in the country. A July 2024 Afrobarometer survey showed that Mauritians considered drug addiction and abuse to be the second-most important issue after the cost of living.[29]

Alliance Lepep announced a manifesto on 28 October. The alliance emphasised a commitment to economic reform and social welfare. The bloc proposals included a monthly allowance of 2000 rupees for stay-at-home mothers, the establishment of a fund to assist students from low-income families, and a special tribunal to expedite criminal drug cases. In light of the wire-tapping scandal, the bloc promised the creation of an independent body that would combat phone-tapping.[30] Other initiatives included free prescription medicine and signing a final treaty with the UK to seal the Chagos Islands agreement.[14]

Alliance du Changement launched a manifesto on 29 October. Proposals included tax exemptions for citizens aged 18 to 28, measures to end fuel shortages, the introduction of a green economy and free public transport. The alliance also pledged to enact electoral reform, including transparent campaign finance laws, a quota ensuring one-third of all party candidates are women, legislation against party switching in parliament, and a Freedom of Information Act.[31] The bloc advocated eliminating income taxes for citizens earning less than 77,000 Mauritian Rupees per month.[32]

The Linion Reform alliance, made up of the Linion Moris party and the Reform Party, was formed in October 2024.[33] Linion Reform presented itself as an alternative to the Alliance du Changement and Alliance Lepep, with the slogan "neither Navin nor Pravind". Led by Nando Bodha and Roshi Bhadain, Linion Reform called for more transparency and combatting corruption.[34][2] The alliance sought to abolish the value-added tax and establish a scholarship for individuals aged 35 to 55 seeking to change careers. Bhadain, who resigned from the governing coalition in 2017, criticised his former bloc for an alleged lack of accomplishments in its previous term and claimed the Ramgoolam-led bloc had been an ineffective opposition.[34]

Conduct

President Prithvirajsing Roopun dissolved parliament and issued the election writ on 4 October. The early dissolution cancelled a by-election in the constituency of Montagne-Blanche/GRSE, which was scheduled for 9 October.[35][36] The Southern African Development Community sent a delegation to observe the elections.[37] Polling stations were open from 7:00 to 18:00.[38] Vote counting will begin the day after the election.[35]

Results

Party or allianceVotes%
Alliance Lepep
Alliance du Changement
Linion Reform
Mauritian Solidarity Front
Rodrigues People's Organisation
Mouvman Bruneau Laurette
Mouvman Enn Sel Direction
Rasanbleman Pou Lavansman Moris
Party Malin
Lalit
Parti Rodriguais Travailleur Democrate
Rassemblement Socialiste Mauricien
Alliance Liberation
Ene Nouvo Espwar
Idéal Démocrate
Rodrigues Movement
Mouvman Verite & Zistis
Movement Democratic Mauricien
Muvman Independantis Rodriguais
Parti Liberale Unioniste Rodriguais
Parti République
Citizen's Power
Mouvment Authentique Mauricien
Mouvment Méritocrate
Mouvment Zeness
NEXTGen
Nouveau Front Politik
Parti Pil Rusé
Independents
Total
Registered voters/turnout1,002,857–

References

  1. ^ a b "Mauritius to hold legislative election on November 10". France 24. Port Louis. Retrieved 5 October 2024.
  2. ^ a b "Mauritius Heads To The Polls Under Wire-tapping Cloud". Barron's. 7 November 2024. Archived from the original on 8 November 2024. Retrieved 8 November 2024.
  3. ^ "Elections results". Inter-Parliamentary Union. Archived from the original on 3 November 2024. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  4. ^ "Mauritius PM's coalition strengthens Parliament grip after vote". Al Jazeera. 10 November 2019. Archived from the original on 12 June 2024. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  5. ^ "Mauritians vote in first election since PM succeeded father". Al Jazeera. 7 November 2019. Archived from the original on 30 April 2023. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  6. ^ Kasenally, Roukaya (25 November 2019). "How Pravind Jugnauth clinched the win in Mauritius' elections". The Conversation. Archived from the original on 10 July 2024. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  7. ^ "Legislative Election of 7 November 2019". Psephos. Archived from the original on 2 December 2021. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  8. ^ "Court upholds election of Mauritius PM in 2019". Reuters. London. 16 October 2023. Archived from the original on 21 October 2023. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  9. ^ "Scandal Erupts in Mauritius as Wire-Tapping Allegations Emerge". News Moris. 27 October 2024. Archived from the original on 3 November 2024. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  10. ^ "Mauritius blocks social media until after election amid wiretapping row". Al Jazeera. 1 November 2024. Archived from the original on 3 November 2024. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  11. ^ Kloren, Sarene (2 November 2024). "Mauritius lifts social media ban following outcry from civil rights groups". Independent Online. Archived from the original on 3 November 2024. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  12. ^ a b Lawal, Shola (4 October 2024). "Why is the UK handing the Chagos Islands back to Mauritius?". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 4 October 2024. Retrieved 7 November 2024.
  13. ^ Harding, Andrew (4 October 2024). "UK will give sovereignty of Chagos Islands to Mauritius". British Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 7 November 2024.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  14. ^ a b "L'Alliance Lepep à Curepipe : Jugnauth confirme l'abolition des droits d'accise sur l'essence et le diesel". Le Mauricien (in French). 7 November 2024. Archived from the original on 8 November 2024. Retrieved 8 November 2024.
  15. ^ "Dissolution du parlement : « Un soulagement » pour les Mauriciens, s'exclame Navin Ramgoolam". Le Mauricien (in French). 5 October 2024. Archived from the original on 8 November 2024. Retrieved 8 November 2024.
  16. ^ "Linion Moris – Chagos : « L'accord politique entre États n'existe pas »". Le Mauricien (in French). 5 October 2024. Archived from the original on 8 November 2024. Retrieved 8 November 2024.
  17. ^ a b c d "Electoral System". Inter-Parliamentary Union. Archived from the original on 6 November 2024. Retrieved 6 November 2024.
  18. ^ a b Fessha, Yonatan; Ho Tu Ham, Nora (2015). "Is it time to let go? The Best Loser System in Mauritius" (PDF). Afrika Focus. 28 (1): 66–67, 70. Retrieved 6 November 2024.
  19. ^ "Article 57, Section 2" (PDF). Constitution of Mauritius. Human Rights Division - Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Regional Integration and International Trade. 1968. Retrieved 6 November 2024.
  20. ^ Le Roy, Jean Claude (5 October 2024). "1,002,857 électeurs appelés aux urnes". Maurice Info (in French). Archived from the original on 5 October 2024. Retrieved 7 November 2024.
  21. ^ "National Assembly Elections 2024". Office of the Electoral Commissioner. Port Louis. 15 October 2024. Retrieved 7 November 2024.
  22. ^ a b "Republic of Mauritius". IFES. Archived from the original on 7 November 2024. Retrieved 7 November 2024.
  23. ^ "List of Registered Parties/Party Alliances". Office of the Electoral Commissioner. Archived from the original on 7 November 2024. Retrieved 7 November 2024.
  24. ^ "Historic Alliance Formed Ahead of Upcoming Elections". News Moris. 11 October 2024. Archived from the original on 7 November 2024. Retrieved 7 November 2024.
  25. ^ "National Assembly Elections 2024". Office of the Electoral Commissioner. Archived from the original on 7 November 2024. Retrieved 7 November 2024.
  26. ^ "Parties". Elections Mauritius. Archived from the original on 7 November 2024. Retrieved 7 November 2024.
  27. ^ "Candidates". Elections Mauritius – Elections 2019. Archived from the original on 7 November 2024. Retrieved 7 November 2024.
  28. ^ "Candidates". Elections Mauritius – Elections 2024. Archived from the original on 7 November 2024. Retrieved 7 November 2024.
  29. ^ Lawal, Shola (10 November 2024). "Mauritius election 2024: Amid wiretapping scandal, what's at stake?". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 10 November 2024. Retrieved 10 November 2024.
  30. ^ "Présentation du programme électoral de l'Alliance Lepep". Le Mauricien (in French). 23 October 2024. Archived from the original on 9 November 2024. Retrieved 9 November 2024.
  31. ^ "Manifeste électoral : voici les 25 mesures phares annoncés par l'Alliance du Changement". Le Defi Media Group (in French). 29 October 2024. Archived from the original on 9 November 2024. Retrieved 9 November 2024.
  32. ^ "L'Alliance du Changement promet que les personnes touchant moins de Rs 77 000 par mois ne paieront plus d'impôt sur le revenu". Le Defi Media Group (in French). 6 November 2024. Archived from the original on 9 November 2024. Retrieved 9 November 2024.
  33. ^ Denmamode, Yasin (13 October 2024). "Linion Reform voit le jour, les modalités dévoilées". L'Express (in French). Archived from the original on 9 November 2024. Retrieved 9 November 2024.
  34. ^ a b "«Les élections se joueront entre Linion Reform et l'Alliance du changement»". L'Express (in French). 4 November 2024. Archived from the original on 9 November 2024. Retrieved 9 November 2024.
  35. ^ a b Le Roy, Jean Claude (4 October 2024). "Le Parlement dissout et les legislatives le 10 novembre 2024". Maurice Info (in French). Archived from the original on 8 November 2024. Retrieved 8 November 2024.
  36. ^ "Mauritius to hold legislative election on November 10". The New Indian Express. Port Louis. 4 October 2024. Archived from the original on 8 November 2024. Retrieved 8 November 2024.
  37. ^ Gulbul-Nathoo, Reshma (5 November 2024). "La mission d'observation électorale de la SADC officiellement lancée". L'Express (in French). Archived from the original on 5 November 2024. Retrieved 8 November 2024.
  38. ^ "Mauritius holds parliamentary election with cost of living crisis key issue". Al Jazeera. 10 November 2024. Archived from the original on 10 November 2024. Retrieved 10 November 2024.

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