2024 Grant Park 165

2024 Grant Park 165
Race details[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
Race 20 of 36 in the 2024 NASCAR Cup Series
Date July 7, 2024 (2024-07-07)
Location Chicago Street Course in Chicago, Illinois
Course Temporary street course
2.2 mi (3.5 km)
Distance 58 laps, 127.6 mi (205.352 km)
Scheduled Distance 75 laps, 165 mi (265.542 km)
Average speed 54.921 miles per hour (88.387 km/h)
Pole position
Driver
Hendrick Motorsports
Time 1:27.836
Most laps led
Driver Ty Gibbs Joe Gibbs Racing
Laps 17
Winner
No. 48 Alex Bowman Hendrick Motorsports
Television in the United States
Network NBC
Announcers Rick Allen, Steve Letarte (booth), Mike Bagley (Turns 1–2 and 6–10), Dillon Welch (Turns 3–5) and Jeff Burton (Turn 11)
Nielsen Ratings 2.1 (3.79 million)
Radio in the United States
Radio MRN
Booth Announcers Alex Hayden and Jeff Striegle
Turn Announcers Dave Moody (Turns 1 and 6), Kurt Becker (Turns 2–5) and Dan Hubbard (Turns 7–11)

The 2024 Grant Park 165 was a NASCAR Cup Series race held on July 7, 2024, at the Chicago Street Course in Chicago, Illinois. Originally scheduled for 75 laps, the race was shortened to 58 laps due to darkness, on the 2.2-mile (3.5 km) street course, it was the 20th race of the 2024 NASCAR Cup Series season. Alex Bowman won the race, his 8th career win, breaking an 80 race win drought. Tyler Reddick finished 2nd, and Ty Gibbs finished 3rd. Joey Hand and Michael McDowell rounded out the top five, and Ricky Stenhouse Jr., Todd Gilliland, William Byron, Kyle Busch, and Ryan Blaney rounded out the top ten.

Report

Background

The Chicago Street Course, where the race was held.

The Chicago Street Course is a 2.2 mi (3.5 km) street circuit located in the city of Chicago, Illinois, United States. It hosts the NASCAR Cup Series and NASCAR Xfinity Series. The track was initially a conceptual track on iRacing made for the eNASCAR iRacing Pro Invitational Series in 2021.

The track for the race ended up being the exact same layout as the version used in 2021 for the eNASCAR iRacing Pro Invitational Series. The start/finish line is located on South Columbus Drive in front of Buckingham Fountain in Grant Park. The cars will go south and then turn left onto East Balbo Drive and then right onto South Lake Shore Drive (also part of U.S. Route 41), which is alongside Lake Michigan. The cars will then turn right onto East Roosevelt Road and then make another right, which gets them back onto South Columbus Drive where they are going north. They will then reach the intersection of South Columbus Drive and East Balbo Drive again and will make a left turn. When they are back on East Balbo Drive, they will cross a bridge over the Metra Electric District tracks. Next, the cars will turn right onto South Michigan Avenue and go north, go onto East Congress Plaza Drive and back onto South Michigan Ave. Lastly, they will make a right turn onto East Jackson Drive, go back across the Metra Electric tracks, and right back onto South Columbus Drive to the start/finish line.[9]

On October 20, 2023, NASCAR announced that the 2024 Cup Series Chicago Street Race would be shortened from 220 miles (354.056 km) and 100 laps to 165 miles (265.542) and 75 laps.[10]

Entry list

  • (R) denotes rookie driver.
  • (i) denotes driver who is ineligible for series driver points.
No. Driver Team Manufacturer
1 Ross Chastain Trackhouse Racing Chevrolet
2 Austin Cindric Team Penske Ford
3 Austin Dillon Richard Childress Racing Chevrolet
4 Josh Berry (R) Stewart-Haas Racing Ford
5 Kyle Larson Hendrick Motorsports Chevrolet
6 Brad Keselowski RFK Racing Ford
7 Corey LaJoie Spire Motorsports Chevrolet
8 Kyle Busch Richard Childress Racing Chevrolet
9 Chase Elliott Hendrick Motorsports Chevrolet
10 Noah Gragson Stewart-Haas Racing Ford
11 Denny Hamlin Joe Gibbs Racing Toyota
12 Ryan Blaney Team Penske Ford
13 A. J. Allmendinger (i) Kaulig Racing Chevrolet
14 Chase Briscoe Stewart-Haas Racing Ford
15 Kaz Grala (R) Rick Ware Racing Ford
16 Shane van Gisbergen (i) Kaulig Racing Chevrolet
17 Chris Buescher RFK Racing Ford
19 Martin Truex Jr. Joe Gibbs Racing Toyota
20 Christopher Bell Joe Gibbs Racing Toyota
21 Harrison Burton Wood Brothers Racing Ford
22 Joey Logano Team Penske Ford
23 Bubba Wallace 23XI Racing Toyota
24 William Byron Hendrick Motorsports Chevrolet
31 Daniel Hemric Kaulig Racing Chevrolet
33 Austin Hill (i) Richard Childress Racing Chevrolet
34 Michael McDowell Front Row Motorsports Ford
38 Todd Gilliland Front Row Motorsports Ford
41 Ryan Preece Stewart-Haas Racing Ford
42 John Hunter Nemechek Legacy Motor Club Toyota
43 Erik Jones Legacy Motor Club Toyota
45 Tyler Reddick 23XI Racing Toyota
47 Ricky Stenhouse Jr. JTG Daugherty Racing Chevrolet
48 Alex Bowman Hendrick Motorsports Chevrolet
51 Justin Haley Rick Ware Racing Ford
54 Ty Gibbs Joe Gibbs Racing Toyota
60 Joey Hand RFK Racing Ford
66 Josh Bilicki (i) Power Source Ford
71 Zane Smith (R) Spire Motorsports Chevrolet
77 Carson Hocevar (R) Spire Motorsports Chevrolet
99 Daniel Suárez Trackhouse Racing Chevrolet
Official entry list

Practice

Kyle Larson was the fastest in the practice session with a time of 1:28.443 seconds and a speed of 89.549 mph (144.115 km/h).[11]

Practice results

Pos No. Driver Team Manufacturer Time Speed
1 5 Kyle Larson Hendrick Motorsports Chevrolet 1:28.443 89.549
2 16 Shane van Gisbergen (i) Kaulig Racing Chevrolet 1:28.556 89.435
3 54 Ty Gibbs Joe Gibbs Racing Toyota 1:28.586 89.405
Official practice results

Qualifying

Kyle Larson scored the pole for the race with a time of 1:27.836 and a speed of 90.168 mph (145.111 km/h).[12]

Qualifying results

Pos No. Driver Team Manufacturer R1 R2
1 5 Kyle Larson Hendrick Motorsports Chevrolet 1:27.518 1:27.836
2 54 Ty Gibbs Joe Gibbs Racing Toyota 1:27.932 1:27.846
3 34 Michael McDowell Front Row Motorsports Ford 1:27.999 1:27.862
4 45 Tyler Reddick 23XI Racing Toyota 1:28.074 1:28.075
5 16 Shane van Gisbergen (i) Kaulig Racing Chevrolet 1:27.864 1:28.183
6 23 Bubba Wallace 23XI Racing Toyota 1:28.195 1:28.320
7 20 Christopher Bell Joe Gibbs Racing Toyota 1:27.964 1:28.366
8 48 Alex Bowman Hendrick Motorsports Chevrolet 1:28.476 1:28.759
9 99 Daniel Suárez Trackhouse Racing Chevrolet 1:28.159 1:28.874
10 6 Brad Keselowski RFK Racing Ford 1:27.927 1:44.877
11 11 Denny Hamlin Joe Gibbs Racing Toyota 1:28.550 —
12 42 John Hunter Nemechek Legacy Motor Club Toyota 1:28.365 —
13 77 Carson Hocevar (R) Spire Motorsports Chevrolet 1:28.600 —
14 1 Ross Chastain Trackhouse Racing Chevrolet 1:28.402 —
15 3 Austin Dillon Richard Childress Racing Chevrolet 1:28.955 —
16 17 Chris Buescher RFK Racing Ford 1:28.478 —
17 12 Ryan Blaney Team Penske Ford 1:29.010 —
18 9 Chase Elliott Hendrick Motorsports Chevrolet 1:28.481 —
19 8 Kyle Busch Richard Childress Racing Chevrolet 1:29.071 —
20 7 Corey LaJoie Spire Motorsports Chevrolet 1:28.531 —
21 2 Austin Cindric Team Penske Ford 1:29.073 —
22 14 Chase Briscoe Stewart-Haas Racing Ford 1:28.580 —
23 51 Justin Haley Rick Ware Racing Ford 1:29.197 —
24 19 Martin Truex Jr. Joe Gibbs Racing Toyota 1:28.629 —
25 43 Erik Jones Legacy Motor Club Toyota 1:29.228 —
26 38 Todd Gilliland Front Row Motorsports Ford 1:28.815 —
27 24 William Byron Hendrick Motorsports Chevrolet 1:29.230 —
28 10 Noah Gragson Stewart-Haas Racing Ford 1:28.920 —
29 41 Ryan Preece Stewart-Haas Racing Ford 1:29.264 —
30 71 Zane Smith (R) Spire Motorsports Chevrolet 1:28.963 —
31 21 Harrison Burton Wood Brothers Racing Ford 1:29.387 —
32 22 Joey Logano Team Penske Ford 1:29.159 —
33 47 Ricky Stenhouse Jr. JTG Daugherty Racing Chevrolet 1:29.593 —
34 33 Austin Hill (i) Richard Childress Racing Chevrolet 1:29.167 —
35 31 Daniel Hemric Kaulig Racing Chevrolet 1:29.608 —
36 4 Josh Berry (R) Stewart-Haas Racing Ford 1:29.384 —
37 13 A. J. Allmendinger (i) Kaulig Racing Chevrolet 1:30.236 —
38 60 Joey Hand RFK Racing Ford 1:29.496 —
39 66 Josh Bilicki (i) Power Source Ford 0.000 —
40 15 Kaz Grala (R) Rick Ware Racing Ford 1:29.514 —
Official qualifying results

Race

As it rained after the five-minute signal before engines started, NASCAR delayed the start as is required since it was sunny during practice and qualifying. As a result, on Lap 15, at 4:58 p.m. CDT, NASCAR sent a bulletin to teams announcing the time-certain finish rule was set for 8:20 p.m. CDT, meaning 75 laps or one lap after the set time. This rule is similar to most motorsport series that have time-certain finishes.[13] Under the new curfew rule, there would be no overtime, and once the leader crosses the finish line upon the expiration of time, the final lap begins.

On Lap 17, Corey LaJoie impacts the wall at East Jackson Boulevard (Turn 11). Pit lane remains closed because of rain as the stage ends on Lap 20, the first of two points-paying laps for the top ten. Shane van Gisbergen wins Stage One, and pits open on Lap 21. All cars not on rain tires change to wets. On the ensuing restart on Lap 25, Chase Briscoe contacts van Gisbergen at Columbus Drive where cars turn left to East Balbo Avenue (Turn 6), causing the defending champions' car to slam the right-side wall, ending his day and causing a safety car. With visibility and standing water an issue (common with street circuits), NASCAR red flags the race for 1 hour, 15 minutes. Drivers are sent to the cars, but another rain shower in Turn 11 creates an issue with more standing water, leading to another 28 minute delay to remove the standing water, for a total of 1 hour, 43 minutes. Teams are told all restarts will be single-file, with the restart on Lap 30, with one hour remaining.

On the Lap 30 restart, Christopher Bell passes Ty Gibbs on the run from Columbus Drive to East Balbo. Shortly after, Denny Hamlin and Ricky Stenhouse, Jr. collide in that turn. Both recover. On Lap 33, Kyle Larson is trying to overtake Ty Gibbs for second when he locks up his tires and buries his Saudi Aramco-sponsored Chevrolet into the tyre barriers, causing a safety car. Bell and Gibbs are leading the field on the Lap 38 restart, with eight laps remaining in the stage and about 40 minutes remaining in the race.

On Lap 42, with a dry line potentially forming with pit closure coming for the end of the second stage, a group of cars led by Austin Dillon, Austin Hill, Chase Elliott, Kyle Busch, Michael McDowell, Ryan Blaney, and William Byron pitted to switch to slicks. This causes leaders Christopher Bell, Ty Gibbs, Todd Gilliland, John Hunter Nemechek, and Tyler Reddick among the leaders (primarily Toyotas) to pit for slicks on Lap 43. Once the leader starts Lap 44, pit lane is closed with two laps remaining in Stage 2, with 30 minutes remaining in the race.

New leaders Joey Hand and Alex Bowman stay out on rain tires, and finish first and second at the end of Lap 45, the second points-paying lap. The leaders stay on rain tires for the Lap 49 restart, hoping the delta for rain and slick tire performance is sufficient. Bell, who led before pit stops, restarts 13th on Lap 49, with approximately fifteen minutes remaining. On Lap 51, with 14 minutes remaining in the race, Bowman passes Hand on Lake Shore Drive where it joins East Roosevelt Road (Turn 4), and with 12 minutes remaining, Josh Berry crashes into the tire barriers on Lake Shore Drive to bring out the safety car. The delta between rain and slick tires has changed in favour of the slicks, and the Bell team asks that double-file restarts be used, which NASCAR declines. The restart occurs on Lap 54, with 4:30 remaining, or about four laps when the two laps after the finish rule starts.. The Toyotas on slicks were faster, but with a minute and a half remaining, Ricky Stenhouse, Jr. collides with Martin Truex, Jr. (both on rain tires), making contact with Christopher Bell on Balbo Drive.

On Lap 56, Bowman crosses the finish at 8:20 p.m., marking the expiration of time and the beginning of the final two laps. Tyler Reddick is now third, best among the cars with slicks. Reddick and Ty Gibbs easily pass Joey Hand, who is still on rain tires at Turn 6, with the gap between Reddick and Bowman fast closing. At 8:21 p.m., Bowman takes the signal for the final lap, with Reddick fast closing. Only the optimum line is dry.

Reddick puts right-side tires on wet sections of at Roosevelt Road (Turn 4), making contact with the inside barrier, and then left side tires on wet sections in Turn 5 on the exit of Columbus Drive, making contact with the outside barriers, ending his efforts to catch Bowman.

Bowman successfully stays on the rain tires and ended an 80-race losing streak (last win in March 2022 at Las Vegas) in the process.

Race results

Stage results

Stage One Laps: 20

Pos No Driver Team Manufacturer Points
1 16 Shane van Gisbergen (i) Kaulig Racing Chevrolet 0
2 20 Christopher Bell Joe Gibbs Racing Toyota 9
3 54 Ty Gibbs Joe Gibbs Racing Toyota 8
4 14 Chase Briscoe Stewart-Haas Racing Ford 7
5 5 Kyle Larson Hendrick Motorsports Chevrolet 6
6 48 Alex Bowman Hendrick Motorsports Chevrolet 5
7 23 Bubba Wallace 23XI Racing Toyota 4
8 38 Todd Gilliland Front Row Motorsports Ford 3
9 45 Tyler Reddick 23XI Racing Toyota 2
10 99 Daniel Suárez Trackhouse Racing Chevrolet 1
Official stage one results

Stage Two Laps: 25

Pos No Driver Team Manufacturer Points
1 60 Joey Hand RFK Racing Ford 10
2 48 Alex Bowman Hendrick Motorsports Chevrolet 9
3 6 Brad Keselowski RFK Racing Ford 8
4 77 Carson Hocevar (R) Spire Motorsports Chevrolet 7
5 19 Martin Truex Jr. Joe Gibbs Racing Toyota 6
6 10 Noah Gragson Stewart-Haas Racing Ford 5
7 31 Daniel Hemric Kaulig Racing Chevrolet 4
8 47 Ricky Stenhouse Jr. JTG Daugherty Racing Chevrolet 3
9 21 Harrison Burton Wood Brothers Racing Ford 2
10 11 Denny Hamlin Joe Gibbs Racing Toyota 1
Official stage two results

Final Stage results

Stage Three Laps: 30

Pos Grid No Driver Team Manufacturer Laps Points
1 8 48 Alex Bowman Hendrick Motorsports Chevrolet 58 54
2 4 45 Tyler Reddick 23XI Racing Toyota 58 37
3 2 54 Ty Gibbs Joe Gibbs Racing Toyota 58 42
4 38 60 Joey Hand RFK Racing Ford 58 43
5 3 34 Michael McDowell Front Row Motorsports Ford 58 32
6 33 47 Ricky Stenhouse Jr. JTG Daugherty Racing Chevrolet 58 34
7 26 38 Todd Gilliland Front Row Motorsports Ford 58 33
8 27 24 William Byron Hendrick Motorsports Chevrolet 58 29
9 19 8 Kyle Busch Richard Childress Racing Chevrolet 58 28
10 17 12 Ryan Blaney Team Penske Ford 58 27
11 9 99 Daniel Suárez Trackhouse Racing Chevrolet 58 27
12 35 31 Daniel Hemric Kaulig Racing Chevrolet 58 29
13 6 23 Bubba Wallace 23XI Racing Toyota 58 28
14 28 10 Noah Gragson Stewart-Haas Racing Ford 58 28
15 21 2 Austin Cindric Team Penske Ford 58 22
16 23 51 Justin Haley Rick Ware Racing Ford 58 21
17 30 71 Zane Smith (R) Spire Motorsports Chevrolet 58 20
18 10 6 Brad Keselowski RFK Racing Ford 58 27
19 15 3 Austin Dillon Richard Childress Racing Chevrolet 58 18
20 16 17 Chris Buescher RFK Racing Ford 58 17
21 18 9 Chase Elliott Hendrick Motorsports Chevrolet 58 16
22 14 1 Ross Chastain Trackhouse Racing Chevrolet 58 15
23 32 22 Joey Logano Team Penske Ford 58 14
24 13 77 Carson Hocevar (R) Spire Motorsports Chevrolet 58 20
25 31 21 Harrison Burton Wood Brothers Racing Ford 58 14
26 40 15 Kaz Grala (R) Rick Ware Racing Ford 58 11
27 20 7 Corey LaJoie Spire Motorsports Chevrolet 58 10
28 39 66 Josh Bilicki (i) Power Source Ford 58 0
29 25 43 Erik Jones Legacy Motor Club Toyota 58 8
30 11 11 Denny Hamlin Joe Gibbs Racing Toyota 58 8
31 34 33 Austin Hill (i) Richard Childress Racing Chevrolet 58 0
32 22 14 Chase Briscoe Stewart-Haas Racing Ford 58 12
33 24 19 Martin Truex Jr. Joe Gibbs Racing Toyota 58 10
34 29 41 Ryan Preece Stewart-Haas Racing Ford 58 3
35 12 42 John Hunter Nemechek Legacy Motor Club Toyota 57 2
36 36 4 Josh Berry (R) Stewart-Haas Racing Ford 57 1
37 7 20 Christopher Bell Joe Gibbs Racing Toyota 55 10
38 37 13 A. J. Allmendinger (i) Kaulig Racing Chevrolet 48 0
39 1 5 Kyle Larson Hendrick Motorsports Chevrolet 33 7
40 5 16 Shane van Gisbergen (i) Kaulig Racing Chevrolet 24 0
Official race results

Race statistics

  • Lead changes: 9 among 6 different drivers
  • Cautions/Laps: 5 for 19 laps
  • Red flags: 1 for 1 hour, 43 minutes and 1 second
  • Time of race: 2 hours, 19 minutes, and 24 seconds
  • Average speed: 54.921 miles per hour (88.387 km/h)

Media

Television

NBC Sports covered the race on the television side, as part of a radio style broadcast for the race. Rick Allen and Steve Letarte called the race from the broadcast booth. MRN broadcaster Mike Bagley called the race from Turns 1–2 and 6–10 on South Columbus Drive and East Balbo Drive, Dillon Welch had the call from Turn 4 on DuSable Lake Shore Drive and Roosevelt Road, and Jeff Burton had the call on Turn 11 on South Michigan Avenue and East Jackson Drive. Dave Burns, Kim Coon, Parker Kligerman and Marty Snider handled the pit road duties from pit lane.

NBC
Booth announcers Turn announcers Pit reporters
Lap-by-lap: Rick Allen
Color-commentator: Steve Letarte		 Turns 1–2 & 6–10: Mike Bagley
Turns 3–5: Dillon Welch
Turn 11: Jeff Burton		 Dave Burns
Kim Coon
Parker Kligerman
Marty Snider

Radio

Radio coverage of the race was broadcast by Motor Racing Network (MRN) and was also simulcast on Sirius XM NASCAR Radio.

MRN
Booth announcers Turn announcers Pit reporters
Lead announcer: Alex Hayden
Announcer: Jeff Striegle		 Turns 1 & 6: Dave Moody
Turns 2–5: Kurt Becker
Turns 7–11: Dan Hubbard		 Steve Post
Chris Wilner

Standings after the race

References

  1. ^ "2024 schedule". Jayski.com. Jayski's Silly Season Site. Retrieved October 3, 2023.
  2. ^ Taranto, Steven (October 4, 2023). "NASCAR Cup Series 2024 schedule announcement: New additions, race dates, plus the complete calendar". CBS Broadcasting Inc. Retrieved April 21, 2024.
  3. ^ "NASCAR unveils 2024 Cup schedule as Atlanta, Watkins Glen move to playoffs". National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing, LLC. October 4, 2023. Retrieved April 21, 2024.
  4. ^ "Entry List" (PDF). Jayski.com. Jayski's Silly Season Site. July 1, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.
  5. ^ "Practice Results". NASCAR.com. NASCAR. July 6, 2024. Retrieved July 6, 2024.
  6. ^ "Qualifying Results". NASCAR.com. NASCAR. July 6, 2024. Retrieved July 6, 2024.
  7. ^ "Grant Park 165 Results". NASCAR.com. NASCAR. July 7, 2024. Retrieved July 7, 2024.
  8. ^ "Points standings" (PDF). Jayski.com. Jayski's Silly Season Site. July 7, 2024. Retrieved July 7, 2024.
  9. ^ "Chicago to host first-ever NASCAR Cup Series street race in 2023". NASCAR.com. NASCAR Digital Media, LLC. July 19, 2022. Retrieved June 3, 2024.
  10. ^ "2024 Chicago Street Races distances shortened". Jayski's Silly Season Site. NASCAR Digital Media, LLC. October 20, 2023.
  11. ^ Utter, Jim (July 6, 2024). "NASCAR Cup Chicago: Kyle Larson beats van Gisbergen in practice". Motorsport.com. Chicago, Illinois: Motorsport Network. Retrieved July 6, 2024.
  12. ^ Utter, Jim (July 6, 2024). "NASCAR Cup Chicago: Larson clears Gibbs by 0.010s to win pole". Motorsport.com. Chicago, Illinois: Motorsport Network. Retrieved July 6, 2024.
  13. ^ Official statement


Previous race:
2024 Ally 400 		NASCAR Cup Series
2024 season 		Next race:
2024 The Great American Getaway 400

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Chilean footballer (1928-2004) Isaac Carrasco Personal informationFull name Isaac Carrasco RivasDate of birth (1928-08-14)14 August 1928Place of birth Mariquina, ChileDate of death 5 April 2004(2004-04-05) (aged 75)Place of death La Serena, ChilePosition(s) DefenderSenior career*Years Team Apps (Gls)1950–1951 Naval 1952–1952 Audax Italiano 1954–1959 Colo-Colo 1960–1964 Santiago Morning International career1951–1956 Chile B 1954–1961 Chile 25 (0)Managerial career1965 Santiago ...

 

乌克兰总理

 烏克蘭總理Прем'єр-міністр України烏克蘭國徽現任杰尼斯·什米加尔自2020年3月4日任命者烏克蘭總統任期總統任命首任維托爾德·福金设立1991年11月后继职位無网站www.kmu.gov.ua/control/en/（英文） 乌克兰 乌克兰政府与政治系列条目 宪法 政府 总统 弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基 總統辦公室 国家安全与国防事务委员会 总统代表（英语：Representatives of the President of Ukraine） 总...

 

Little Flowers of St. Francis

Fioretti redirects here. For people with the surname, see Fioretti (surname). Fioretti The Little Flowers of St. Francis (Italian: Fioretti di San Francesco) is a florilegium (excerpts of his body of work), divided into 53 short chapters, on the life of Saint Francis of Assisi that was composed at the end of the 14th century. The anonymous Italian text, almost certainly by a Tuscan author, is a version of the Latin Actus beati Francisci et sociorum eius, of which the earliest extant manuscrip...

North Sea

Marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean For other uses, see North Sea (disambiguation). North SeaLocationWestern Europe and Northern EuropeCoordinates56°N 3°E / 56°N 3°E / 56; 3 (North Sea)TypeSeaPrimary inflowsBaltic Sea, Elbe, Weser, Ems, Rhine/Waal, Meuse, Scheldt, Spey, Don, Dee, Tay, Forth, Tyne, Wear, Tees, Humber, ThamesBasin countriesUnited Kingdom (specifically England and Scotland), Norway, Denmark, Germany (specifically Lower Saxony and Schleswig...

 

ابن ناهوج الإسكافي

يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (ديسمبر 2018) ابن ناهوج الإسكافي معلومات شخصية الميلاد القرن 20  الحياة العملية المهنة خطاط  تعديل مصدري - تعديل ...