1979 (song)

For the Good Charlotte song, see Cardiology (album).

"1979"
Single by The Smashing Pumpkins
from the album Mellon Collie and the Infinite Sadness
B-side
  • "Ugly"
  • "The Boy"
  • "Cherry"
  • "Believe"
  • "Set the Ray to Jerry"
ReleasedJanuary 23, 1996 (1996-01-23)
Genre
Length
  • 4:24 (album, single, video version)
  • 4:16 (radio edit)
Label
Songwriter(s)Billy Corgan
Producer(s)
The Smashing Pumpkins singles chronology
"Bullet with Butterfly Wings"
(1995) 		"1979"
(1996) 		"Zero"
(1996)
Audio sample
Music video
"1979" on YouTube

"1979" is a song by American alternative rock band the Smashing Pumpkins. It was released in 1996 as the second single from their third studio album, Mellon Collie and the Infinite Sadness. "1979" was written by frontman Billy Corgan, and features loops and samples uncharacteristic of previous Smashing Pumpkins songs.[7] The song foreshadows the synth-pop sound the band would embrace more openly on Adore and its tracks "Ava Adore" and "Perfect".[8][9] The song was written as a nostalgic coming-of-age story by Corgan. In the year 1979, Corgan was twelve, and this is what he considered his transition into adolescence.[10]

"1979" reached number two in Canada and Iceland, number six in Ireland, number nine in New Zealand, and number 12 in the United States. It charted within the top 20 in several other countries, including Australia and the United Kingdom. The song was nominated for the Record of the Year and Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal at the 39th Annual Grammy Awards, and won an MTV Video Music Award for Best Alternative Video. In 2012, it was voted the second-best Smashing Pumpkins song by Rolling Stone readers.[11]

Recording

According to statements in interviews, Corgan worked nonstop after the Siamese Dream tour and wrote about 56 songs for Mellon Collie and the Infinite Sadness,[12] the last of which was "1979".[13] As the Mellon Collie sessions came to a conclusion, "1979" (which evolved out of a demo called "Strolling"[14]) was just a couple of chord changes and a snippet of a melody without words. When the time came to choose the songs that were to appear on the album, producer Flood said that the song was "not good enough" and wanted to drop it from the record. Taking it as a challenge inspired Corgan, and he wrote "1979" that night in about four hours. The next day, Flood heard "1979" once and decided immediately to put it on the album.[7] Corgan considers "1979" the most personally important song on Mellon Collie.[15]

The song features a sample of Corgan's voice repeated throughout. During recording, Corgan was singing "today" as the melody line, so he and Flood decided to record him singing to a tape. The pair electronically manipulated several samples and looped them against a drumbeat.[16] "1979" is partly influenced by "Pleasure",[17] an unreleased song by the Frogs, whom Corgan had liked after seeing them perform in Madison, WI, in 1993. Corgan later performed during the band's encore at Lollapalooza in the summer of 1994, and Dennis Flemion of the Frogs would replace recently deceased keyboard player Jonathan Melvoin during the Infinite Sadness tour.[18]

Reception

"1979" is the Smashing Pumpkins' highest-charting single, reaching number 12 on the Billboard Hot 100 and number one on the Mainstream Rock Tracks and on the Modern Rock Tracks charts.[19] Virgin credited the inclusion of the single's bonus tracks for driving sales.[20] The song was nominated for the Record of the Year and Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal at the 1997 Grammy Awards. Pitchfork Media included the song at number 21 on their "Top 200 Tracks of the 90s" and said "'1979' was Billy Corgan asking, 'You know this feeling?' and the second you heard that guitar line the immediate answer was, 'I do-- tell me more.'"[21]

In a 1996 Spin interview, Corgan indicated that "1979" was probably the only indication he had for what the next Pumpkins album would sound like, "something that combines technology, and a rock sensibility, and pop, and whatever, and hopefully clicks. Between 'Bullet with Butterfly Wings' and '1979' you have the bookends of Mellon Collie and the Infinite Sadness. You've literally [heard] the end of the rock thing, and the beginning of the new thing".[22]

In Australia, the song was voted number 13 on Triple J Hottest 100 in 1996.[23] It was later voted number 71 on the Hottest 100 of All Time in 1998,[24] number 35 on the Triple J Hottest 100 of All Time in 2009,[25] and number 21 on the Hottest 100 of the Past 20 Years in 2013.[26]

Music video

The music video for "1979" was directed by the team of Jonathan Dayton and Valerie Faris, who had previously directed the music video for "Rocket". Originally, the band approached another director (possibly Spike Jonze[7]) to film the video for "1979". His idea was that all the band members were residents in an alien hotel and they were all going to have specially made alien-elephant masks. This video would have cost over a million dollars.[27]

The video follows a day in the life of disaffected suburban teenagers driving around in a 1972 Dodge Charger. It is based on a concept Corgan created, featuring an idealized version of teenage life, while also trying to capture the feeling of being bored in the Chicago suburbs, where Corgan grew up. In the video the Dodge Charger has Illinois license plates, although in the driving scenes the mountains of California are visible in the background shots. Originally, Corgan wanted a scene of violence, in which the convenience store was trashed by the teens at the end of the video, but Dayton and Faris convinced him to go for something tamer. Aside from Corgan appearing throughout the video in the backseat of a car, the other band members had small parts in the video; James Iha appears as a convenience store clerk, D'arcy Wretzky as an irate neighbor, Jimmy Chamberlin as a policeman, and all three of them appear together as the band in the party scene alongside Corgan. Band manager "Gooch" plays Jimmy's partner.[27]

Upon finishing the video shoot, the band flew to New York to perform. However, all tapes of the footage were accidentally left sitting on top of a car, and were lost as the driver departed. The group later flew back to re-shoot the party scene.[27][13]

The "1979" video was highly acclaimed. It won the MTV Video Music Award for Best Alternative Video in 1996. It was one of Canadian cable television music channel MuchMusic's Countdown number-one videos of 1996. Billy Corgan considers it the Pumpkins' best video,[27] calling it "the closest we've ever come to realizing everything we wanted."[7]

The video for the 1998 song "Perfect" is a sequel to this one, and involves the same characters who are now older. The aforementioned incident with the loss of the original footage is parodied in one of the later video's final scenes, in which a cassette tape is left on top of a car and falls off as a character drives out of a parking lot at high speed, and is subsequently destroyed by another vehicle.

Track listings

UK and US CD single, UK 12-inch vinyl[28][29][30]

No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."1979"Billy Corgan4:24
2."Ugly"Billy Corgan2:28
3."Believe"James Iha3:15
4."Cherry"Billy Corgan4:02

1996 maxi-CD re-issue[31]

No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."1979"Billy Corgan4:24
2."Ugly"Billy Corgan2:28
3."The Boy"James Iha3:04
4."Cherry"Billy Corgan4:02
5."Believe"James Iha3:15
6."Set The Ray To Jerry"Billy Corgan4:10

US 7-inch double A-side single[32]

No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."1979"Billy Corgan4:24
2."Bullet with Butterfly Wings"Billy Corgan4:16

1979 Mixes[33]

No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."1979 (Vocal Mix)"Billy Corgan5:08
2."1979 (Instrumental Mix)"Billy Corgan5:17
3."1979 (Moby Mix)"Billy Corgan6:39
4."1979 (Cement Mix)"Billy Corgan4:40

Tracks 1, 2, and 4 are remixed by Roli Mosimann. Track 3 is remixed by Moby.[34]

Charts

Certifications

Region Certification Certified units/sales
Italy (FIMI)[68] Gold 25,000*
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[69] Gold 30,000‡
United Kingdom (BPI)[70] Gold 400,000‡
United States (RIAA)[71] Gold 500,000^

* Sales figures based on certification alone.
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Release history

Region Date Format(s) Label(s) Ref.
United States January 23, 1996 CD Virgin [72]
United Kingdom January 29, 1996
  • 12-inch vinyl
  • CD
  • cassette
[73]
March 11, 1996
  • 12-inch vinyl
  • CD (Mixes)
 [74]

Licensed uses

The song is used in Clerks II and during the credits of Gran Turismo 5. It was also released as part of a Smashing Pumpkins-themed DLC pack for Guitar Hero World Tour.[75] It was also part of the soundtrack of Grand Theft Auto IV as part of the fictional Liberty Rock Radio station until April 2018 when Rockstar Games' ten-year license to the song expired.[76] The song's guitar riff was also interpolated by American boy band Why Don't We in their song "Slow Down".

See also

References

  1. ^ Gray, Scott A. (April 4, 2018). "An Essential Guide to the Smashing Pumpkins". Exclaim!. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
  2. ^ "50 Greatest Grunge Albums". Rolling Stone. April 1, 2019. Retrieved May 19, 2019.
  3. ^ "The 250 Best Songs of the 1990s". Pitchfork. September 27, 2022. Retrieved October 21, 2022.
  4. ^ Leas, Ryan (October 29, 2013). "Smashing Pumpkins Albums From Worst To Best". Stereogum. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
  5. ^ "Adore". Rolling Stone. May 18, 1998.
  6. ^ Philip Cosores (July 5, 2017). "Ranking: Every Alternative Rock No. 1 Hit from Worst to Best". Conseqeunce.net. Retrieved January 30, 2024.
  7. ^ a b c d Kot, Greg. "A Long Strange Trip to 1979". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved October 5, 2011.
  8. ^ Parks, Andrew. "Smashing Pumpkins Share 'Adore' Bonus Tracks, Including a Banjo Take and Diddy Remix". Wondering Sound. Archived from the original on November 17, 2014. Retrieved November 26, 2015.
  9. ^ "Adore". Rolling Stone. May 18, 1998.
  10. ^ "Top 21 Songs About Nostalgia". Consequence of Sound. September 3, 2018. Retrieved May 19, 2019.
  11. ^ "Readers' Poll: The Best Smashing Pumpkins Songs". Rolling Stone. June 13, 2012. Retrieved January 21, 2023.
  12. ^ Corgan, Billy; Iha, James; Wretzky, D'arcy (December 19, 1996). "Hora Prima". MTV Latin America (Interview).
  13. ^ a b "1979 by Smashing Pumpkins - Songfacts". www.songfacts.com. Retrieved November 2, 2019.
  14. ^ Smashing Pumpkins: The Secret History, by Alan Cross. Harper Collins. 2007. ISBN 9781927002209.
  15. ^ Billy Corgan (May 29, 1998). "Billy Corgan interview" (Interview). Karl Daher.
  16. ^ "King B's". Guitar World (January 1997).
  17. ^ Hall, Carl (June 15, 2008). "The Frogs Live Pleasure". YouTube.
  18. ^ "Smashing Pumpkins and The Frogs: A Brief History | The SPfreaks Team". February 5, 2013.
  19. ^ "Charts & Awards: Smashing Pumpkins". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
  20. ^ Rosen, Craig. "CD Single Sales Spurred by Addition of Nonalbum Cuts". Billboard. No. March 30, 1996.
  21. ^ "The Top 200 Tracks of the 1990s: 50-21". Pitchfork. September 2, 2010. Archived from the original on February 18, 2011. Retrieved October 5, 2011.
  22. ^ Marks, Craig. "Zero Worship". Spin (June 1996).
  23. ^ "Triple J Hottest 100 1996". Australian Broadcasting Company. Retrieved January 25, 2021.
  24. ^ "Hottest 100 of All Time". Australian Broadcasting Company. Retrieved January 25, 2021.
  25. ^ "Triple J Hottest 100 of All Time". Australian Broadcasting Company. Retrieved January 25, 2021.
  26. ^ "Triple J's Hottest 100 20 Years – The Countdown". Australian Broadcasting Company. April 18, 2013. Retrieved January 25, 2021.
  27. ^ a b c d The Smashing Pumpkins – Greatest Hits Video Collection (1991–2000) (DVD). Virgin Records. 2001.
  28. ^ "Smashing Pumpkins 1979 - Nineteen Seventy Nine UK CD single (CD5 / 5") (61852)". eil.com. Retrieved November 2, 2019.
  29. ^ "Smashing Pumpkins 1979 US CD single (CD5 / 5") (65234)". eil.com. Retrieved November 2, 2019.
  30. ^ "Smashing Pumpkins 1979 - Nineteen Seventy Nine UK 12" vinyl single (12 inch record / Maxi-single) (85444)". eil.com. Retrieved November 2, 2019.
  31. ^ "Smashing Pumpkins the Aeroplane Flies High USA BOX SET (76593)". Archived from the original on May 30, 2010. Retrieved September 27, 2012.
  32. ^ "Smashing Pumpkins 1978/Bullet with Butterfly Wings US 7" vinyl single (7 inch record) (224570)". Archived from the original on February 4, 2015. Retrieved September 27, 2012.
  33. ^ "Smashing Pumpkins 1979 Nineteen Seventy Nine Mixes UK CD single (CD5 / 5") (217070)". eil.com. Retrieved November 2, 2019.
  34. ^ "Moby Tries To Collect Debt From Pumpkins Corgan". MTV. May 28, 1997. Archived from the original on June 14, 1997. Retrieved October 5, 2011.
  35. ^ "The Smashing Pumpkins – 1979". ARIA Top 50 Singles. Retrieved November 24, 2016.
  36. ^ "The Smashing Pumpkins – 1979" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50. Retrieved November 24, 2016.
  37. ^ "The Smashing Pumpkins – 1979" (in French). Ultratop 50. Retrieved November 24, 2016.
  38. ^ "Top RPM Singles: Issue 2933." RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved November 24, 2016.
  39. ^ "Top RPM Dance/Urban: Issue 2992." RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved August 13, 2019.
  40. ^ "Top RPM Rock/Alternative Tracks: Issue 2920." RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved November 24, 2016.
  41. ^ "Eurochart Hot 100 Singles" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 13, no. 8. February 24, 1996. p. 16. Retrieved May 24, 2020.
  42. ^ "The Smashing Pumpkins: 1979" (in Finnish). Musiikkituottajat. Retrieved November 24, 2016.
  43. ^ "The Smashing Pumpkins – 1979" (in French). Les classement single. Retrieved November 24, 2016.
  44. ^ "Íslenski Listinn Topp 40 (24.2. '96 – 1.3. '96)". Dagblaðið Vísir (in Icelandic). February 24, 1996. p. 42. Retrieved October 2, 2019.
  45. ^ "The Irish Charts – Search Results – The Smashing Pumpkins". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved November 24, 2016.
  46. ^ "Nederlandse Top 40 – week 10, 1996" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40. Retrieved July 16, 2018.
  47. ^ "The Smashing Pumpkins – 1979" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Retrieved November 24, 2016.
  48. ^ "The Smashing Pumpkins – 1979". Top 40 Singles. Retrieved November 24, 2016.
  49. ^ "Official Scottish Singles Sales Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved July 16, 2018.
  50. ^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved November 24, 2016.
  51. ^ "The Smashing Pumpkins Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved November 24, 2016.
  52. ^ "The Smashing Pumpkins Chart History (Adult Alternative Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved November 24, 2016.
  53. ^ "The Smashing Pumpkins Chart History (Adult Pop Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved November 24, 2016.
  54. ^ "The Smashing Pumpkins Chart History (Alternative Airplay)". Billboard. Retrieved November 24, 2016.
  55. ^ "The Smashing Pumpkins Chart History (Dance Club Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved November 24, 2016.
  56. ^ "The Smashing Pumpkins Chart History (Dance Singles Sales)". Billboard. Retrieved July 10,2 021.
  57. ^ "The Smashing Pumpkins Chart History (Mainstream Rock)". Billboard. Retrieved November 24, 2016.
  58. ^ "The Smashing Pumpkins Chart History (Pop Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved November 24, 2016.
  59. ^ "U.S. Cash Box Charts" (PDF). popmusichistory. Retrieved March 3, 2023.
  60. ^ "The ARIA Australian Top 100 Singles 1996". ARIA. Archived from the original on November 2, 2015. Retrieved May 29, 2016 – via Imgur.
  61. ^ "Rapports Annuels 1996" (in French). Ultratop. Retrieved March 6, 2020.
  62. ^ "RPM Year End Top 100 Hit Tracks". RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved July 16, 2018.
  63. ^ "RPM Year End Dance Top 50". RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved July 16, 2018.
  64. ^ "RPM Year End Alternative Top 50". RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved July 16, 2018.
  65. ^ "Árslistinn 1996". Dagblaðið Vísir (in Icelandic). January 2, 1997. p. 25. Retrieved May 30, 2020.
  66. ^ "Billboard Top 100 - 1996". longboredsurfer.com. Archived from the original on March 1, 2009. Retrieved October 5, 2011.
  67. ^ "The Year in Music 1996 – Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks". Billboard. Vol. 108, no. 52. December 28, 1996. p. YE-76. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved December 25, 2023 – via Google Books.
  68. ^ "Italian single certifications – Smashing Pumpkins – 1979" (in Italian). Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
  69. ^ "Spanish single certifications – The Smashing Pumpkins – 1979". El portal de Música. Productores de Música de España. Retrieved February 21, 2024.
  70. ^ "British single certifications – Smashing Pumpkins – 1979". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved March 3, 2023.
  71. ^ "American single certifications – Smashing Pumpkins – 1979". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved November 25, 2016.
  72. ^ "1979 / Ugly / Believe / Cherry". Amazon. Retrieved July 10, 2021.
  73. ^ "New Releases: Singles" (PDF). Music Week. January 27, 1996. p. 37. Retrieved July 10, 2021.
  74. ^ "New Releases: Singles". Music Week. March 9, 1996. p. 31.
  75. ^ Snow, Jean (September 3, 2008). "Smashing Pumpkins Debut Single on Guitar Hero: World Tour". Wired. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
  76. ^ Roemer, Dan (April 26, 2018). "Here's a list of songs removed in GTA IV's latest update". Destructoid. Retrieved April 28, 2018.

Read other articles:

Katedral Praha

Katedral PrahaKatedral Metropolitan Santo Vitus, Wenceslaus dan AdalbertusCeska: Katedrála svatého Víta, Václava a Vojtěchacode: cs is deprecated Katedral St. Vitus, Praha terletak seluruhnya di dalam kompleks Kastil Praha.Katedral Praha50°05′27″N 14°24′02″E / 50.09083°N 14.40056°E / 50.09083; 14.40056Koordinat: 50°05′27″N 14°24′02″E / 50.09083°N 14.40056°E / 50.09083; 14.40056LokasiPrahaNegara Republik CekoDeno...

 

Piero di Cosimo

Italian painter (1462–1522) Not to be confused with Piero di Cosimo de' Medici. Piero di CosimoPresumed self-portrait at the right side of his painting Perseus Freeing AndromedaBorn2 January 1462Florence, Republic of FlorenceDied12 April 1522(1522-04-12) (aged 60)Florence, Republic of FlorenceNationalityItalianEducationCosimo RoselliKnown forPaintingMovementHigh Renaissance The Death of Procris, c. 1495 Perseus Freeing Andromeda, oil on canvas, 1510 or 1513, Uffizi Tritons a...

 

Carnyx

Musical instrument Carnyx from the Tintignac group Three carnyx players depicted on plate E of the Gundestrup cauldron The ancient carnyx was a wind instrument used by the Celts during the Iron Age, between c. 200 BCE and c. CE 200. It was a type of trumpet made of bronze with an elongated S shape, held so that the long straight central portion was vertical and the short mouthpiece end section and the much wider bell were horizontal in opposed directions. The bell was styled in the shape of t...

Danau Malawi

Untuk grup musik indie pop asal Ceko, lihat Lake Malawi. Danau MalawiPosisi Danau Malawi dilihat dari Satelit.Koordinat12°11′S 34°22′E / 12.183°S 34.367°E / -12.183; 34.367Koordinat: 12°11′S 34°22′E / 12.183°S 34.367°E / -12.183; 34.367Jenis perairanDanau Lembah CelahAliran masuk utamaSungai Ruhuhu[1]Aliran keluar utamaSungai Shire[1]Terletak di negaraMalawi, Mozambik, TanzaniaPanjang maksimal560 km[1] to ...

 

Province of Lugo

Province of Spain Province in Galicia, SpainLugo Provincia de LugoProvinceLugo Province FlagCoat of armsCountry SpainAutonomous community GaliciaCapitalLugoGovernment • BodyDiputación de Lugo • PresidentDarío Campos Conde (since 2015) (Socialists' Party of Galicia)Area • Total9,856 km2 (3,805 sq mi) • Rank25thPopulation ()[1] • Rank37thDemonym(s)Lugués (m), Luguesa (f)LucensePostal code27---IS...

 

Lembah Meksiko

Lukisan Lembah Meksiko dari abad ke-19 karya José María Velasco. Lembah Meksiko (Spanyol: Valle de México; bahasa Nahuatl: Tepētzallāntli Mēxihco) adalah wilayah dataran tinggi yang terletak di Meksiko tengah. Wlayah ini terletak di wilayah Kota Meksiko dan bagian timur negara bagian Meksiko. Lembah ini dikelilingi oleh pegunungan dan gunung berapi. Wilayah Meksiko dikenal sebagai tempat berdirinya peradaban-peradaban pra-Kolumbus, seperti Teotihuacan, Toltek, dan Aztek. Istilah...

Diane Abbott

Untuk aktris dan penyanyi Amerika Serikat, lihat Diahnne Abbott. Diane AbbottAbbott pada 2017 Menteri Dalam Negeri BayanganMasa jabatan6 Oktober 2016 – 4 April 2020PemimpinJeremy CorbynPendahuluAndy BurnhamPenggantiNick Thomas-SymondsMenteri Kesehatan BayanganMasa jabatan27 Juni 2016 – 6 Oktober 2016PemimpinJeremy CorbynPendahuluHeidi AlexanderPenggantiJon AshworthMenteri Pembangunan Internasional BayanganMasa jabatan13 September 2015 – 27 Juni 2016PemimpinJer...

 

Claremont Park

Public park in the Bronx, New York This article is about the park in the Bronx. For the park in Manhattan, see Sakura Park. Claremont ParkThe gazeboCoordinatesPark 40°50′N 73°55′W / 40.84°N 73.91°W / 40.84; -73.91Area38 acres (15 ha)Created1884Operated byNew York City Department of Parks and RecreationStatusOpen all year Claremont Park is a park in the Morrisania section of the Bronx in New York City. The land on which the park sits was once part of t...

 

哥伦布 (密西西比州)

密西西比州 哥伦布城市綽號：Possum Town哥伦布位于密西西比州的位置坐标：33°30′06″N 88°24′54″W / 33.501666666667°N 88.415°W / 33.501666666667; -88.415国家 美國州密西西比州县朗兹县始建于1821年政府 • 市长罗伯特·史密斯 (民主党)面积 • 总计22.3 平方英里（57.8 平方公里） • 陸地21.4 平方英里（55.5 平方公里） • ...

Nong Chok National Football Center

Football Association Nong Chok National Football Center ศูนย์ฝึกฟุตบอลแห่งชาติ หนองจอกEstablished16 September 2009 (official opening)Budget31,279,32 Thai BahtEndowmentFIFAAddressSoi Mitmaitri 6/3, Mitmaitri Rd. , Nong Chok District, Bangkok, 10530LocationNong Chok, Bangkok, ThailandCoordinates13°52′06″N 100°50′49″E / 13.8684344°N 100.8470571°E / 13.8684344; 100.8470571 Nong Chok National Football Cen...

 

Adarsh Sein Anand

29th Chief Justice of India Adarsh Sein Anand29th Chief Justice of IndiaIn office10 October 1998 – 1 November 2001Appointed byK. R. NarayananPreceded byMadan Mohan PunchhiSucceeded bySam Piroj BharuchaChairman National Human Rights CommissionIn office17 February 2003 – 31 October 2006Chief Justice in Madras High CourtIn office1989–1992Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court[1]In office11 May 1985 – 23 October 1989 Personal detailsBorn(1936...

 

39th Infantry Brigade Combat Team

39th Infantry Brigade Combat Team(The Arkansas Brigade)39th IBCT Shoulder Sleeve InsigniaActive1917–19191947–presentCountry United StatesAllegiance ArkansasBranch ArmyTypeInfantryRoleHeadquartersSizeBrigade combat teamPart of Arkansas Army National GuardHeadquartersCamp Robinson Maneuver Training Center, ArkansasNickname(s)The Arkansas BrigadeMotto(s)CourageAnniversariesOrganization Day (August 25)Campaigns World War I War on Terrorism Iraq Campaign DecorationsMeritor...

Minardi

MinardiNama resmiMinardi F1 TeamKantor pusatFaenza, ItalyPendiriGiancarlo MinardiStaf terkenalGustav Brunner, Paul StoddartPembalap terkenalPierluigi MartiniMarc GenéLuca BadoerChristian FittipaldiMichele AlboretoMark WebberJos Verstappen Fernando AlonsoJustin WilsonGiancarlo FisichellaJarno TrulliNama selanjutnyaScuderia Toro RossoSejarah dalam ajang Formula SatuMesinMotori Moderni, Ford, Ferrari, Lamborghini, Hart, Fondmetal, European, Asiatech, CosworthGelar Konstruktor0Gelar Pembalap0Jum...

 

National Register of Historic Places listings in Tompkins County, New York

Location of Tompkins County in New York Map all coordinates using OpenStreetMap Download coordinates as: KML GPX (all coordinates) GPX (primary coordinates) GPX (secondary coordinates) List of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Tompkins County, New York This is intended to be a complete list of properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Tompkins County, New York. The locations of National Register properties and districts (at least for al...

 

Siege of Szigetvár

1566 battle in Hungary during the Ottoman–Habsburg wars Siege of SzigetvárBattle of SzigethPart of the Ottoman–Habsburg warsOttoman wars in EuropeOttoman-Habsburg War (1565-1568)Nikola IV Zrinski's charge from the fortress of Szigetvár (painting by Johann Peter Krafft, 1825)Date6 August 1566 – 8 September 1566 (1 month and 2 days)LocationSzigetvár, Kingdom of Hungary46°03′03″N 17°47′49″E / 46.05083°N 17.79694°E / 46.05083; 17.79694Result Ottom...

Template talk:Kyushu Railway Company Lines

Trains: in Japan Template‑class Trains Portal This template is within the scope of WikiProject Trains, an attempt to build a comprehensive and detailed guide to rail transport on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, you can visit the project page, where you can join the project and/or contribute to the discussion. See also: WikiProject Trains to do list and the Trains Portal.TrainsWikipedia:WikiProject TrainsTemplate:WikiProject Trainsrail transport articlesTemplateThis template do...

 

Claude de Lorraine

Potret Claude de Guise oleh Jean Clouet Claude de Lorraine atau Claude de Guise (20 Oktober 1496 – 12 April 1550) merupakan seorang bangsawan dan jenderal Prancis. Dia menjabat sebagai Adipati Guise pertama pada 1528 dan pendiri Wangsa Guise. Keturunannya akan memimpin partai Katolik dalam Perang Agama Prancis. Claude lahir di Château Custines, putra kedua René II, Adipati Lorraine, dan Philippe de Gueldres.[1] Dia juga adalah saudara Kardinal Lorraine, orang kesayangan utama Fran...

 

المجمع المقدس للكنيسة القبطية الأرثوذكسية

المَجْمع المقدس هو الهيئة العليا داخل للكنيسة القبطية الأرثوذكسية ويرأسه البابا الأنبا تواضروس الثاني بابا الإسكندرية وبطريرك الكرازة المرقسية. يجتمع مرة كل سنة لمدة أسبوع من أجل مناقشة الأوضاع التشريعية والكهنوتية واللاهوتية، ويضم 12 لجنة أو أكثر. ويقوم أحيانًا بأدوار �...

Stephen Husband

Scottish footballer Stephen Husband Personal informationFull name Stephen Husband[1]Date of birth (1990-10-29) 29 October 1990 (age 33)Place of birth Kelty, ScotlandPosition(s) MidfielderTeam informationCurrent team Dundonald Bluebell (manager)Youth career Cowdenbeath Heart of MidlothianSenior career*Years Team Apps (Gls)2006–2007 Cowdenbeath 5 (0)2007–2010 Heart of Midlothian 0 (0)2009 → Livingston (loan) 7 (0)2010–2012 Blackpool 3 (0)2011 → Stockport County (loan) 5 (...

 

Rectified Scottish Rite

Christian Masonic rite Part of a series onFreemasonry Overview Grand Lodge Masonic lodge Masonic lodge officers Grand Master Prince Hall Freemasonry Regular Masonic jurisdiction Anglo-American Freemasonry Continental Freemasonry History History of Freemasonry Liberté chérie Masonic manuscripts Masonic bodies Masonic Masonic bodies York Rite Order of Mark Master Masons Holy Royal Arch Royal Arch Masonry Cryptic Masonry Knights Templar Red Cross of Constantine Scottish Rite Knight Kadosh Soci...