1956 Transitional Constitution of Sudan

Politics of Sudan


Member State of the Arab League
Constitution 1956 Transitional Constitution 1973 Constitution 4 August 2019 Draft Constitutional Declaration
Executive Presidency Transitional Sovereignty Council Chairman: Abdel Fattah al-Burhan Deputy Chairman: Malik Agar Prime Minister Osman Hussein (acting) Cabinet
Legislature Transitional Legislative Council
Judiciary Constitutional Court Supreme Court Chief Justice Nemat Abdullah Khair Court of Cassation Public Court District Courts Town and rural courts
Administrative divisions States Governors Abyei Area Interim Security Force (UNISFA) Regions Darfur Regional Government Eastern Sudan States Coordinating Council Districts
Elections Recent elections General: 2010 2015 next Political parties
Foreign relations Ministry of Foreign Affairs Minister: Ali Al-Sadiq Ali Diplomatic missions of / in Sudan Passport Visa requirements Visa policy Foreign aid
Related topics United Nations (UN) in Sudan Mission in Sudan (UNMIS) Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) African Union and UN in Sudan Darfur operation (UNAMID) Human rights ICC investigation Khartoum massacre investigation National Human Rights Commission
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On 1 January 1956, Sudan gained independence from British-Egyptian rule without the rival political parties' having agreed on the form and content of a permanent constitution.^[1] The nation had implemented the 1953 Self-Government Statute as a provisional constitution; however, political factions had yet to reach a consensus on a permanent constitutional framework, committing only to its future development and ratification.^[2] Instead, an interim constitution was adopted to provide a framework for governance during its early years as a sovereign state.^[1]

The 1956 Transitional Constitution of Sudan represented Sudan’s first step in forming an independent legal and political structure, aiming to guide the nation while it navigated post-colonial challenges. The constitution established a Westminster-style government with a bicameral parliament, cabinet, and independent judiciary. The constitution also included fundamental rights, such as freedom of religion, opinion, and association, and the right to a constitutional remedy.^[1]

The transitional constitution allocated significant powers to the executive branch, positioning the Prime Minister at the centre of governance. The House of Representatives had the authority to nominate the Prime Minister, who was then confirmed to oversee the administration. This structure highlighted a parliamentary system that sought to balance power while maintaining the fledgling nation's political stability. The document also established a five-member Supreme Council, which elected by parliament and served as the head of state.^[3]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "Country Studies | Sudan". Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA. Retrieved 2024-11-08. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 3.0 US license.
^ "Contested Constitutions - Constitutional development in Sudan 1953-2005". CMI - Chr. Michelsen Institute. Retrieved 2024-11-17.
^ "A Constitution for Sudan | Archive - U.S. Agency for International Development". 2012-2017.usaid.gov. Retrieved 2024-11-08.

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