The 1956–57 French Rugby Union Championship was contested by 48 clubs divided in six pools of eight. The five better of each pool and the two better sixth (for a sum of 32 clubs) were qualified to play the final phase .
The Championship was won by Lourdes that defeated Racing in the final. Lourdes maintained the title won in 1956.
The Challenge Yves du Manoir was won by Dax that beat the Montferrand (the final match was tied 6-6 but Dax won for the lower medium age of the players)