1905–1906 census of the Ottoman Empire was the last population count.^[1] This census effort concentrated on Iraq and Arabian Peninsula as European and Anatolian has well established.^[2] Ottoman government decided to perform the count in three months compared to years during the ones performed 19th century.

• Karpat, K.H. (1985). Ottoman population, 1830-1914: demographic and social characteristics. Madison, Wis: University of Wisconsin Pres. p. 242.