18th Canadian Parliament

18th Parliament of Canada
Majority parliament
6 February 1936 – 25 January 1940
Parliament leaders
Prime
Minister		William Lyon Mackenzie King
23 Oct 1935 – 15 Nov 1948
Cabinet16th Canadian Ministry
Leader of the
Opposition		R. B. Bennett
23 Oct 1935 – 6 Jul 1938
Robert Manion
7 Jul 1938 – 13 May 1940
Party caucuses
GovernmentLiberal Party
OppositionConservative Party
CrossbenchSocial Credit Party
Co-operative Commonwealth Federation
Liberal-Progressive
Reconstruction Party
United Reform
House of Commons

Seating arrangements of the House of Commons
Speaker of the
Commons		Pierre-François Casgrain
6 February 1936 – 10 May 1940
Members245 MP seats
List of members
Senate
Speaker of the
Senate		Walter Edward Foster
11 January 1936 – 8 May 1940
Government
Senate Leader		Raoul Dandurand
23 October 1935 – 11 March 1942
Opposition
Senate Leader		Arthur Meighen
22 October 1935 – 16 January 1942
Senators96 senator seats
List of senators
Sovereign
MonarchEdward VIII
20 Jan 1936 – 11 Dec 1936
George VI
11 Dec 1936 – 6 Feb 1952
Governor
General		John Buchan
2 Nov 1935 – 11 Feb 1940
Sessions
1st session
6 February 1936 – 23 June 1936
2nd session
14 January 1937 – 10 April 1937
3rd session
27 January 1938 – 1 July 1938
4th session
12 January 1939 – 3 June 1939
5th session
7 September 1939 – 13 September 1939
6th session
25 January 1940 – 25 January 1940
← 17th → 19th
William Lyon Mackenzie King was Prime Minister during the 18th Canadian Parliament.

The 18th Canadian Parliament was in session from 6 February 1936, until 25 January 1940. The membership was set by the 1935 federal election on 14 October 1935, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1940 election.

It was controlled by a Liberal Party majority under Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King and the 16th Canadian Ministry. The Official Opposition was the Conservative Party, led first by Richard Bedford Bennett, and later by Robert Manion.

The Speaker was Pierre-François Casgrain. See also List of Canadian electoral districts 1933-1947 for a list of the ridings in this parliament.

The Social Credit Party led by J. H. Blackmore made their first federal appearance in this parliament. It would be an important third party until 1980. The Co-operative Commonwealth Federation led by J.S. Woodsworth also made their first appearance. It, and its successor party, the New Democratic Party, would become a major source of policies that would change the fabric of Canada.

There were six sessions of the 18th Parliament, though the last two were extremely short:

Session Start End
1st 6 February 1936 23 June 1936
2nd 14 January 1937 10 April 1937
3rd 27 January 1938 1 July 1938
4th 12 January 1939 3 June 1939
5th 7 September 1939 13 September 1939
6th 25 January 1940 25 January 1940

List of members

Following is a full list of members of the eighteenth Parliament listed first by province, then by electoral district.

Electoral districts denoted by an asterisk (*) indicates that district was represented by two members.

Alberta

Electoral district Name Party
Acadia Victor Quelch Social Credit
Athabaska Percy John Rowe Social Credit
Battle River Robert Fair Social Credit
Bow River Charles Edward Johnston Social Credit
Calgary East John Landeryou Social Credit
Calgary West Richard Bedford Bennett (resigned 28 January 1939) Conservative
Douglas Cunnington (by-election of 18 September 1939) Conservative
Camrose James Alexander Marshall Social Credit
Edmonton East William Samuel Hall (died 26 January 1938) Social Credit
Orvis A. Kennedy (by-election of 21 March 1938) Social Credit
Edmonton West James Angus MacKinnon Liberal
Jasper—Edson Walter Frederick Kuhl Social Credit
Lethbridge John Horne Blackmore Social Credit
Macleod Ernest George Hansell Social Credit
Medicine Hat Archibald Hugh Mitchell Social Credit
Peace River René-Antoine Pelletier Social Credit
Red Deer Eric Joseph Poole Social Credit
Vegreville William Hayhurst Social Credit
Wetaskiwin Norman Jaques Social Credit

British Columbia

Electoral district Name Party
Cariboo James Gray Turgeon Liberal
Comox—Alberni Alan Webster Neill Independent
Fraser Valley Harry James Barber Conservative
Kamloops Thomas O'Neill Liberal
Kootenay East Henry Herbert Stevens Reconstruction
Conservative
Kootenay West William Esling Conservative
Nanaimo James Samuel Taylor C.C.F.
  Independent
New Westminster Thomas Reid Liberal
Skeena Olof Hanson Liberal
Vancouver—Burrard Gerry McGeer Liberal
Vancouver Centre Ian Alistair Mackenzie Liberal
Vancouver East Angus MacInnis C.C.F.
Vancouver North Charles Grant MacNeil C.C.F.
Vancouver South Howard Charles Green Conservative
Victoria D'Arcy Plunkett (died 3 May 1936) Conservative
Simon Fraser Tolmie (by-election of 8 June 1936, died 13 October 1937) Conservative
Robert Mayhew (by-election of 29 November 1937) Liberal
Yale Grote Stirling Conservative

Manitoba

Electoral district Name Party
Brandon David Wilson Beaubier (died 1 September 1938) Conservative
James Ewen Matthews (by-election of 14 November 1938) Liberal
Churchill Thomas Crerar Liberal
Dauphin William John Ward Liberal
Lisgar Howard Winkler Liberal
Macdonald William Gilbert Weir Liberal-Progressive
Marquette James Allison Glen Liberal-Progressive
Neepawa Frederick Donald Mackenzie Liberal
Portage la Prairie Harry Leader Liberal
Provencher Arthur-Lucien Beaubien Liberal
Selkirk Joseph Thorarinn Thorson Liberal-Progressive
Souris George William McDonald Liberal-Progressive
Springfield John Mouat Turner Liberal
St. Boniface John Power Howden Liberal
Winnipeg North Abraham Albert Heaps C.C.F.
Winnipeg North Centre James Shaver Woodsworth C.C.F.
Winnipeg South Leslie Mutch Liberal
Winnipeg South Centre Ralph Maybank Liberal

New Brunswick

Electoral district Name Party
Charlotte Burton Hill Liberal
Gloucester Peter Veniot (died 6 July 1936) Liberal
Clarence Joseph Veniot (by-election of 17 August 1936) Liberal
Kent Louis-Prudent-Alexandre Robichaud Liberal
Northumberland John Patrick Barry Liberal
Restigouche—Madawaska Joseph-Enoil Michaud Liberal
Royal Alfred Johnson Brooks Conservative
St. John—Albert William Ryan (died 1 April 1938) Liberal
Allan McAvity (by-election of 21 February 1938) Liberal
Victoria—Carleton Jack Patterson Liberal
Westmorland Henry Read Emmerson Liberal
York—Sunbury William George Clark Liberal

Nova Scotia

Electoral district Name Party
Antigonish—Guysborough William Duff Liberal
J. Ralph Kirk (by-election of 16 March 1936) Liberal
Cape Breton North and Victoria Daniel Alexander Cameron (died 4 September 1937) Liberal
Matthew MacLean (by-election of 18 October 1937) Liberal
Cape Breton South David James Hartigan Liberal
Colchester—Hants Gordon Purdy Liberal
Cumberland Kenneth Judson Cochrane Liberal
Digby—Annapolis—Kings James Lorimer Ilsley Liberal
Halifax* Robert Emmett Finn Liberal
Gordon Benjamin Isnor Liberal
Inverness—Richmond Donald MacLennan Liberal
Pictou Henry Byron McCulloch Liberal
Queens—Lunenburg John James Kinley Liberal
Shelburne—Yarmouth—Clare Vincent Pottier Liberal

Ontario

Electoral district Name Party
Algoma East Thomas Farquhar Liberal
Algoma West Henry Sidney Hamilton Liberal
Brantford City William Ross Macdonald Liberal
Brant George Wood Liberal
Broadview Thomas Langton Church Conservative
Bruce William Rae Tomlinson Liberal
Carleton Alonzo Hyndman Conservative
Cochrane Joseph-Arthur Bradette Liberal
Danforth Joseph Henry Harris Conservative
Davenport John Ritchie MacNicol Conservative
Dufferin—Simcoe William Earl Rowe (resigned 28 September 1937 to campaign for Ontario provincial election) Conservative
William Earl Rowe (by-election of 8 November 1937) Conservative
Durham Frank Rickard Liberal
Eglinton Richard Langton Baker Conservative
Elgin Wilson Mills Liberal
Essex East Paul Martin Sr. Liberal
Essex South Murray Clark Liberal
Essex West Norman Alexander McLarty Liberal
Fort William Dan McIvor Liberal
Frontenac—Addington Colin Campbell (resigned 28 September 1937 to campaign for Ontario provincial election) Liberal
Angus Neil McCallum (by-election of 1 November 1937) Liberal
Glengarry John David MacRae Liberal
Greenwood Denton Massey Conservative
Grenville—Dundas Arza Clair Casselman Conservative
Grey—Bruce Agnes Macphail United Farmers of Ontario-Labour
Grey North William Pattison Telford, Jr. Liberal
Haldimand Mark Senn Conservative
Halton Hughes Cleaver Liberal
Hamilton East Albert A. Brown Conservative
Hamilton West Herbert Earl Wilton (died 1 February 1937) Conservative
John Allmond Marsh (by-election of 22 March 1937) Conservative
Hastings—Peterborough Rork Scott Ferguson Liberal
Hastings South John Charles Alexander Cameron Liberal
High Park Alexander James Anderson Conservative
Huron North Robert Deachman Liberal
Huron—Perth William Henry Golding Liberal
Kenora—Rainy River Hugh McKinnon Liberal
Kent James Rutherford (died 27 February 1939) Liberal
Arthur Lisle Thompson (by-election of 11 December 1939) Liberal
Kingston City Norman McLeod Rogers Liberal
Lambton—Kent Hugh MacKenzie Liberal
Lambton West Ross Gray Liberal
Lanark Thomas Alfred Thompson Conservative
Leeds Hugh Alexander Stewart Conservative
Lincoln Norman Lockhart Conservative
London Frederick Cronyn Betts (died 7 May 1938) Conservative
Robert James Manion (by-election of 14 November 1938) Conservative
Middlesex East Duncan Graham Ross Liberal
Middlesex West John Campbell Elliott Liberal
Muskoka—Ontario Stephen Furniss Liberal
Nipissing Raoul Hurtubise Liberal
Norfolk William Horace Taylor Liberal
Northumberland William Alexander Fraser Liberal
Ontario William Henry Moore Liberal
Ottawa East Edgar-Rodolphe-Eugène Chevrier (until judicial appointment) Liberal
Joseph Albert Pinard (by-election of 26 October 1936) Liberal
Ottawa West T. Franklin Ahearn Liberal
Oxford Almon Rennie Liberal
Parkdale David Spence Conservative
Parry Sound Arthur Slaght Liberal
Peel Gordon Graydon Conservative
Perth Fred Sanderson Liberal
Peterborough West Joseph James Duffus Liberal
Port Arthur Clarence Decatur Howe Liberal
Prescott Élie-Oscar Bertrand Liberal
Prince Edward—Lennox George Tustin Conservative
Renfrew North Matthew McKay (died in office) Liberal
Ralph Warren (by-election of 5 April 1937) Liberal
Renfrew South James Joseph McCann Liberal
Rosedale Harry Gladstone Clarke Conservative
Russell Alfred Goulet Liberal
St. Paul's Douglas Ross Conservative
Simcoe East George McLean Liberal
Simcoe North Duncan Fletcher McCuaig Liberal
Spadina Samuel Factor Liberal
Stormont Lionel Chevrier Liberal
Timiskaming Walter Little Liberal
Trinity Hugh Plaxton Liberal
Victoria Bruce McNevin Liberal
Waterloo North William Daum Euler Liberal
Waterloo South Alexander Edwards (died 3 June 1938) Conservative
Karl Kenneth Homuth (by-election of 14 November 1938) Conservative
Welland Arthur Damude Liberal
Wellington North John Knox Blair Liberal
Wellington South Robert Gladstone Liberal
Wentworth Frank Lennard Conservative
York East Robert Henry McGregor Conservative
York North William Pate Mulock Liberal
York South Earl Lawson Conservative
York West John Everett Lyle Streight Liberal

Prince Edward Island

Electoral district Name Party
King's Thomas Vincent Grant Liberal
Prince Alfred Edgar MacLean (died 28 October 1939) Liberal
James Ralston (by-election of 2 January 1940) Liberal
Queen's* James Larabee (until 18 December 1935 fisheries appointment) Liberal
Peter Sinclair Liberal
Charles Avery Dunning (by-election of 30 December 1935) Liberal

Quebec

Electoral district Name Party
Argenteuil George Halsey Perley (died in office 4 January 1938) Conservative
Georges Héon (by-election of 28 February 1938) Independent Conservative
Beauce Édouard Lacroix Liberal
Beauharnois—Laprairie Maxime Raymond Liberal
Bellechasse Joseph Oscar Lefebre Boulanger Liberal
Berthier—Maskinongé J.-Émile Ferron Liberal
Bonaventure Charles Marcil (died 29 January 1937) Liberal
Pierre-Émile Côté (by-election of 22 March 1937) Liberal
Brome—Missisquoi Louis Gosselin Liberal
Cartier Samuel William Jacobs (died 21 August 1938) Liberal
Peter Bercovitch (by-election of 7 November 1938) Liberal
Chambly—Rouville Vincent Dupuis Liberal
Champlain Hervé-Edgar Brunelle Liberal
Chapleau François Blais Independent Liberal
Charlevoix—Saguenay Pierre-François Casgrain Liberal
Chicoutimi Alfred Dubuc Liberal
Châteauguay—Huntingdon Donald Elmer Black Liberal
Compton Joseph-Adéodat Blanchette Liberal
Dorchester Léonard Tremblay Liberal
Drummond—Arthabaska Wilfrid Girouard Liberal
Gaspé Maurice Brasset Liberal
Hochelaga Édouard-Charles St-Père Liberal
Hull Alphonse Fournier Liberal
Jacques Cartier Vital Mallette (died 17 April 1939) Liberal
Elphège Marier (by-election of 18 December 1939) Liberal
Joliette—L'Assomption—Montcalm Charles-Édouard Ferland Liberal
Kamouraska Joseph Georges Bouchard Liberal
Labelle Maurice Lalonde (politician) Liberal
Lake St-John—Roberval Armand Sylvestre Liberal
Laurier Ernest Bertrand Liberal
Laval—Two Mountains Liguori Lacombe Liberal
Lévis Joseph-Étienne Dussault Liberal
Lotbinière Joseph-Achille Verville (died 20 November 1937) Liberal
Joseph-Napoléon Francoeur (by-election of 27 December 1937) Liberal
Maisonneuve—Rosemont Sarto Fournier Liberal
Matapédia—Matane Arthur-Joseph Lapointe Liberal
Mégantic—Frontenac Eusèbe Roberge Liberal
Mercier Joseph Jean Liberal
Montmagny—L'Islet Fernand Fafard Liberal
Mount Royal William Allen Walsh Conservative
Nicolet—Yamaska Lucien Dubois Liberal
Outremont Thomas Vien Liberal
Pontiac Wallace McDonald Liberal
Portneuf Lucien Cannon (until 15 January 1936 judicial appointment) Liberal
Pierre Gauthier (by-election of 27 January 1936) Liberal
Québec—Montmorency Wilfrid Lacroix Liberal
Quebec East Ernest Lapointe Liberal
Quebec South Charles Gavan Power Liberal
Quebec West and South Charles Parent Liberal
Richelieu—Verchères Arthur Cardin Liberal
Richmond—Wolfe James Patrick Mullins Liberal
Rimouski Eugène Fiset Liberal
St. Ann William James Hushion Liberal
St. Antoine—Westmount Robert Smeaton White Conservative
St. Denis Azellus Denis Liberal
St. Henry Paul Mercier (until 30 November 1937 judicial appointment) Liberal
Joseph-Arsène Bonnier (by-election of 17 January 1938) Liberal
St. Hyacinthe—Bagot Adélard Fontaine Liberal
St. James Fernand Rinfret (died 12 July 1939) Liberal
Eugène Durocher (by-election of 18 December 1939) Liberal
St. Johns—Iberville—Napierville Martial Rhéaume Liberal
St. Lawrence—St. George Charles Cahan Conservative
St. Mary Hermas Deslauriers Liberal
St-Maurice—Laflèche Joseph-Alphida Crête Liberal
Shefford Joseph-Hermas Leclerc Liberal
Sherbrooke Charles Benjamin Howard Liberal
Stanstead Robert Davidson Liberal
Témiscouata Jean-François Pouliot Liberal
Terrebonne Louis-Étienne Parent Liberal
Trois-Rivières Wilfrid Gariépy Liberal
Vaudreuil—Soulanges Joseph Thauvette Liberal
Verdun Jules Wermenlinger Conservative
Wright Fizalam-William Perras (died 28 June 1936) Liberal
Rodolphe Leduc (by-election of 3 August 1936) Liberal

Saskatchewan

Electoral district Name Party
Assiniboia Robert McKenzie (until 9 December 1935 Canadian Farm Loan Board appointment) Liberal
James Garfield Gardiner (by-election of 6 January 1936) Liberal
Humboldt Harry Raymond Fleming Liberal
Kindersley Otto Buchanan Elliott Social Credit
Lake Centre John Frederick Johnston Liberal
Mackenzie John Angus MacMillan Liberal
Maple Creek Charles Evans Liberal
Melfort Malcolm McLean Liberal
Melville William Richard Motherwell Liberal
Moose Jaw J. Gordon Ross Liberal
North Battleford Cameron Ross McIntosh Liberal
Prince Albert William Lyon Mackenzie King Liberal
Qu'Appelle Ernest Perley Conservative
Regina City Donald McNiven Liberal
Rosetown—Biggar Major James Coldwell C.C.F.
Rosthern Walter Tucker Liberal
Saskatoon City Alexander MacGillivray Young (died 9 July 1939) Liberal
Walter George Brown (by-election of 18 December 1939) United Reform
Swift Current Charles Edward Bothwell Liberal
The Battlefords Joseph Needham Social Credit
Weyburn Tommy Douglas C.C.F.
Wood Mountain Thomas Donnelly Liberal
Yorkton George Washington McPhee Liberal

Yukon

Electoral district Name Party
Yukon Martha Black Independent Conservative

By-elections

Main article: By-elections to the 18th Canadian Parliament
By-election Date Incumbent Party Winner Party Cause Retained
Prince January 2, 1940 Alfred Edgar MacLean      Liberal James Layton Ralston      Liberal Death Yes
Saskatoon City December 18, 1939 Alexander MacGillivray Young      Liberal Walter George Brown      United Reform Movement Death No
St. James December 18, 1939 Fernand Rinfret      Liberal Eugène Durocher      Liberal Death Yes
Jacques Cartier December 18, 1939 Vital Mallette      Liberal Elphège Marier      Liberal Death Yes
Kent December 11, 1939 James Rutherford      Liberal Arthur Lisle Thompson      Liberal Death Yes
Calgary West September 18, 1939 R. B. Bennett      Conservative Douglas Cunnington      Conservative Resignation Yes
Brandon November 14, 1938 David Wilson Beaubier      Conservative James Ewen Matthews      Liberal Death No
London November 14, 1938 Frederick Cronyn Betts      Conservative Robert James Manion      Conservative Death Yes
Waterloo South November 14, 1938 Alexander Edwards      Conservative Karl Homuth      Conservative Death Yes
Cartier November 7, 1938 Samuel William Jacobs      Liberal Peter Bercovitch      Liberal Death Yes
Edmonton East March 21, 1938 William Samuel Hall      Social Credit Orvis A. Kennedy      Social Credit Death Yes
Argenteuil February 28, 1938 George H. Perley      Conservative Georges Héon      Independent Conservative Death No
St. John—Albert February 21, 1938 William Ryan      Liberal Allan McAvity      Liberal Death Yes
St. Henry January 17, 1938 Paul Mercier      Liberal Joseph Arsène Bonnier      Liberal Appointed a Circuit Court Judge of Montreal Yes
Lotbinière December 27, 1937 Joseph-Achille Verville      Liberal Joseph-Napoléon Francoeur      Liberal Death Yes
Victoria November 29, 1937 Simon Fraser Tolmie      Conservative Robert Mayhew      Liberal Death No
Dufferin—Simcoe November 8, 1937 William Earl Rowe      Conservative William Earl Rowe      Conservative Resignation Yes
Frontenac—Addington November 1, 1937 Colin Campbell      Liberal Angus Neil McCallum      Liberal Resignation Yes
Cape Breton North and Victoria October 18, 1937 Daniel Alexander Cameron      Liberal Matthew Maclean      Liberal Death Yes
Renfrew North April 5, 1937 Matthew McKay      Liberal Ralph Warren      Liberal Death Yes
Hamilton West March 22, 1937 Herbert Earl Wilton      Conservative John Allmond Marsh      Conservative Death Yes
Bonaventure March 22, 1937 Charles Marcil      Liberal Pierre-Emile Cote      Liberal Death Yes
Ottawa East October 26, 1936 Edgar-Rodolphe-Eugène Chevrier      Liberal Joseph Albert Pinard      Liberal Appointed a judge of the High Court of Justice of Ontario Yes
Gloucester August 17, 1936 Peter Veniot      Liberal Clarence Joseph Veniot      Liberal Death Yes
Wright August 3, 1936 Fizalam-William Perras      Liberal Rodolphe Leduc      Liberal Death Yes
Victoria June 8, 1936 D'Arcy Plunkett      Conservative Simon Tolmie      Conservative Death Yes
Antigonish—Guysborough March 16, 1936 William Duff      Liberal J. Ralph Kirk      Liberal Called to the Senate Yes
Portneuf January 27, 1936 Lucien Cannon      Liberal Pierre Gauthier      Liberal Appointed a Superior Court Judge of Quebec Yes
Assiniboia January 6, 1936 Robert McKenzie      Liberal James Garfield Gardiner      Liberal Resignation to provide a seat for Gardiner Yes
Queen's December 30, 1935 J. James Larabee      Liberal Charles Avery Dunning      Liberal Appointed a Fisheries Protection Officer Yes


References

  • Government of Canada. "16th Ministry". Guide to Canadian Ministries since Confederation. Privy Council Office. Archived from the original on 22 February 2005. Retrieved 9 November 2006.
  • Government of Canada. "18th Parliament". Members of the House of Commons: 1867 to Date: By Parliament. Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 20 December 2006. Retrieved 30 November 2006.
  • Government of Canada. "Duration of Sessions". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 14 November 2007. Retrieved 12 May 2006.
  • Government of Canada. "General Elections". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 4 May 2006. Retrieved 12 May 2006.
  • Government of Canada. "Key Dates for each Parliament". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 14 September 2005. Retrieved 12 May 2006.
  • Government of Canada. "Leaders of the Opposition in the House of Commons". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 11 March 2007. Retrieved 12 May 2006.
  • Government of Canada. "Prime Ministers of Canada". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 27 April 2006. Retrieved 12 May 2006.
  • Government of Canada. "Speakers". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 17 September 2006. Retrieved 12 May 2006.

Succession