The year 1514 in science and technology included many events, some of which are listed here.

• June 13 – Henry Grace à Dieu, at over 1,000 tons the largest warship in the world at this time, built at the new Woolwich Dockyard in England, is dedicated.^[1][2]
• The following are established at the Cortile del Belvedere in the Apostolic Palace in Rome under the patronage of Pope Leo X:
  • Leonardo da Vinci, who concentrates on scientific research.
  • Hanno, a white Asian elephant, a gift from King Manuel I of Portugal, which is drawn by Raphael.
• Johannes Werner publishes his translation of Ptolemy's Geography, Nova Translatio Primi Libri Geographicae Cl. Ptolomaei, containing the Werner map projection and proposing use of the cross-staff for marine navigation.^[3]

• February 16 – Georg Joachim Rheticus, cartographer and scientific instrument maker (died 1574)
• December 31 – Vesalius, Brabantian anatomist "the father of modern anatomy" (died 1564)
• Francisco Hernández de Toledo, physician and botanist (died 1587)

• November 28 – Hartmann Schedel, cartographer (born 1440)