Álava (Senate constituency)

For the Congress of Deputies constituency, see Álava (Congress of Deputies constituency). For the Basque Parliament constituency, see Álava (Basque Parliament constituency).
Álava
Senate of Spain
Electoral constituency
Location of Álava within Spain
ProvinceÁlava
Autonomous communityBasque Country
PopulationGreen arrow up339,137 (2024)[1]
ElectorateGreen arrow up260,214 (2023)
Major settlementsVitoria-Gasteiz
Current constituency
Created1977
Seats4
Member(s)
  •   PSOE (3)
  •   EH Bildu (1)

Álava (Basque: Araba) is one of the 59 constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Senate, the upper chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. The constituency elects four senators. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Álava. The electoral system uses an open list partial block voting, with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. Electors can vote for up to three candidates.

Electoral system

The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Act 1977 and was first contested in the 1977 general election. The Act provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Senate of Spain,[2] with this regulation being maintained under the Spanish Constitution of 1978.[3] Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales.[4]

Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over 18 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political rights.[5] The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over 21 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights.[6][7] Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Spaniards abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish: Voto rogado),[8][9] which was abolished in 2022.[10] 208 seats are elected using an open list partial block voting system, with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. In constituencies electing four seats, electors can vote for up to three candidates; in those with two or three seats, for up to two candidates; and for one candidate in single-member districts. Each of the 47 peninsular provinces is allocated four seats, whereas for insular provinces, such as the Balearic and Canary Islands, districts are the islands themselves, with the larger—Mallorca, Gran Canaria and Tenerife—being allocated three seats each, and the smaller—Menorca, Ibiza–Formentera, Fuerteventura, La Gomera and El Hierro (which comprised a single constituency only for the 1977 election), Lanzarote and La Palma—one each. Ceuta and Melilla elect two seats each.[2][3][11][12] Until 1985, the law also provided for by-elections to fill Senate seats vacated up to two years into the legislature.[13]

The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one permille of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. Also since 2011, parties, federations or coalitions that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the Cortes at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies.[14][15]

Senators

Senators for Álava 1977–
Key to parties
  EHB
  UP
  Pod.
  PSOE
  FA
  PNV
  UCD
  PP
Legislature Election Distribution
Constituent 1977
3 1
1st 1979
2 2
2nd 1982
3 1
3rd 1986
3 1
4th 1989
3 1
5th 1993
3 1
6th 1996
1 3
7th 2000
1 3
8th 2004
3 1
9th 2008
3 1
10th 2011
1 3
11th 2015
3 1
12th 2016
3 1
13th 2019 (Apr)
1 3
14th 2019 (Nov)
1 3
15th 2023
1 3

Elections

2023 general election

Summary of the 23 July 2023 Senate of Spain election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 130,754 27.00 +4.63 3 +2
Basque Country Gather–Left for Independence (EH Bildu–IE) 101,123 20.88 +4.01 1 +1
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 88,620 18.30 –7.97 0 –3
People's Party (PP) 87,136 18.00 +2.12 0 ±0
Unite (Sumar)1 52,177 10.78 –3.29 0 ±0
Vox (Vox) 16,906 3.49 +2.30 0 ±0
Blank Seats to Leave Empty Seats (EB) 2,782 0.57 New 0 ±0
Animalist Party with the Environment (PACMA)2 1,769 0.37 –0.39 0 ±0
Zero Cuts (Recortes Cero) 597 0.12 –0.07 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Workers of the Basque Country (PCTE/ELAK) 538 0.11 –0.01 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 310 0.06 –0.11 0 ±0
Blank ballots[a] 1,497 0.90 –0.35
Total 484,209 4 ±0
Valid votes 167,055 98.01 +0.03
Invalid votes 3,391 1.99 –0.03
Votes cast / turnout 170,446 65.50 –0.95
Abstentions 89,768 34.50 +0.95
Registered voters 260,214
Sources[16]
Footnotes:

November 2019 general election

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Senate of Spain election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 126,270 26.27 +1.99 3 ±0
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 107,532 22.37 +0.23 1 ±0
Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu) 81,106 16.87 +2.32 0 ±0
People's Party (PP) 76,326 15.88 +1.91 0 ±0
United We Can (Podemos–IU) 67,616 14.07 –2.09 0 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 8,089 1.68 –2.02 0 ±0
Vox (Vox) 5,735 1.19 –1.67 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 3,632 0.76 –0.60 0 ±0
Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 931 0.19 –0.02 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 798 0.17 –0.02 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Workers of the Basque Country (PCTE/ELAK) 576 0.12 –0.01 0 ±0
Blank ballots[a] 2,102 1.25 –0.08
Total 480,713 4 ±0
Valid votes 168,291 97.98 +0.42
Invalid votes 3,478 2.02 –0.42
Votes cast / turnout 171,769 66.45 –3.04
Abstentions 86,726 33.55 +3.04
Registered voters 258,495
Sources[16]

April 2019 general election

Summary of the 28 April 2019 Senate of Spain election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 122,558 24.28 +5.99 3 +3
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 111,752 22.14 +5.82 1 +1
United We Can (Podemos–IU–Equo Berdeak) 81,548 16.16 –11.76 0 –3
Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu) 73,438 14.55 +3.23 0 ±0
People's Party (PP) 70,519 13.97 –7.77 0 –1
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 18,660 3.70 +1.99 0 ±0
Vox (Vox) 14,431 2.86 +2.75 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 6,849 1.36 –0.14 0 ±0
Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 1,082 0.21 –0.08 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 966 0.19 New 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Workers of the Basque Country (PCTE/ELAK) 646 0.13 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots[a] 2,330 1.33 –0.46
Total 504,779 4 ±0
Valid votes 174,772 97.56 +0.16
Invalid votes 4,378 2.44 –0.16
Votes cast / turnout 179,150 69.49 +3.31
Abstentions 78,647 30.51 –3.31
Registered voters 257,797
Sources[16]

2016 general election

Summary of the 26 June 2016 Senate of Spain election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
United We Can (Podemos/Ahal Dugu–IU–Equo)1 129,067 27.92 +1.04 3 ±0
People's Party (PP) 100,483 21.74 +2.54 1 ±0
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 84,567 18.29 +0.75 0 ±0
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 75,455 16.32 +2.23 0 ±0
Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu) 52,314 11.32 –2.16 0 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 7,896 1.71 –3.24 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 6,940 1.50 +0.32 0 ±0
Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 1,335 0.29 +0.04 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 581 0.13 New 0 ±0
Vox (Vox) 503 0.11 New 0 ±0
Navarrese Freedom (Ln) 224 0.05 ±0.00 0 ±0
Blank ballots[a] 2,934 1.79 –1.71
Total 462,299 4 ±0
Valid votes 164,095 97.40 +0.88
Invalid votes 4,389 2.60 –0.88
Votes cast / turnout 168,484 66.18 –4.26
Abstentions 86,095 33.82 +4.26
Registered voters 254,579
Sources[16]
Footnotes:

2015 general election

Summary of the 20 December 2015 Senate of Spain election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
We Can (Podemos/Ahal Dugu) 112,463 22.85 New 3 +3
People's Party (PP) 94,524 19.20 –9.12 1 –2
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 86,324 17.54 –2.14 0 ±0
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 69,355 14.09 –8.77 0 –1
Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu)1 66,352 13.48 –6.10 0 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 24,347 4.95 New 0 ±0
United Left–Popular Unity in Common (IU–UPeC) 19,824 4.03 +0.28 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 5,829 1.18 +0.77 0 ±0
Blank Seats (EB/AZ) 3,093 0.63 New 0 ±0
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 2,629 0.53 –0.46 0 ±0
Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 1,247 0.25 New 0 ±0
Navarrese Freedom (Ln) 231 0.05 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots[a] 6,050 3.50 –0.97
Total 492,268 4 ±0
Valid votes 172,908 96.52 +0.99
Invalid votes 6,238 3.48 –0.99
Votes cast / turnout 179,146 70.44 +2.20
Abstentions 75,181 29.56 –2.20
Registered voters 254,327
Sources[16]
Footnotes:

2011 general election

Summary of the 20 November 2011 Senate of Spain election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 129,375 28.32 +1.03 3 +2
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 104,427 22.86 –16.26 1 –2
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 89,921 19.68 –0.66 0 ±0
Amaiur (Amaiur)1 89,463 19.58 +14.49 0 ±0
United Left–The Greens: Plural Left (IU–LV) 17,115 3.75 –0.56 0 ±0
Equo (Equo) 9,653 2.11 New 0 ±0
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 4,514 0.99 +0.54 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 2,666 0.58 +0.08 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 1,892 0.41 +0.14 0 ±0
Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 536 0.12 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots[a] 7,304 4.47 +1.99
Total 456,866 4 ±0
Valid votes 163,440 95.53 –4.01
Invalid votes 7,655 4.47 +4.01
Votes cast / turnout 171,095 68.24 –1.30
Abstentions 79,648 31.76 +1.30
Registered voters 317,352
Sources[16]
Footnotes:

2008 general election

Summary of the 9 March 2008 Senate of Spain election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 182,584 39.12 3 ±0
People's Party (PP) 127,361 27.29 1 ±0
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 94,931 20.34 0 ±0
United Left–Greens–Alternative (EB–B) 20,133 4.31 0 ±0
Basque Solidarity (EA) 15,402 3.30 0 ±0
Aralar (Aralar) 8,354 1.79 0 ±0
The Greens (B/LV) 4,719 1.01 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 2,342 0.50 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain–Basque Communists (PCPE–EK) 2,146 0.46 0 ±0
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 2,079 0.45 0 ±0
Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 1,238 0.27 0 ±0
Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI) 384 0.08 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 286 0.06 0 ±0
Family and Life Party (PFyV) 266 0.06 0 ±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 103 0.02 0 ±0
National Democracy (DN) 97 0.02 0 ±0
Carlist Party of the Basque Country–Carlist Party (EKA–PC) 77 0.02 0 ±0
Spanish Front (Frente) 55 0.01 0 ±0
Spanish Alternative (AES) 44 0.01 0 ±0
Carlist Traditionalist Communion (CTC) 40 0.01 0 ±0
Blank ballots[a] 4,100 2.48
Total 466,741 4 ±0
Valid votes 165,405 95.94
Invalid votes 7,001 4.06
Votes cast / turnout 172,406 69.54
Abstentions 75,524 30.46
Registered voters 247,930
Sources[16]

2004 general election

Summary of the 14 March 2004 Senate of Spain election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Blank ballots[a]
Total 4 ±0
Valid votes
Invalid votes
Votes cast / turnout
Abstentions
Registered voters
Sources[16]

2000 general election

Summary of the 12 March 2000 Senate of Spain election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Blank ballots[a]
Total 4 ±0
Valid votes
Invalid votes
Votes cast / turnout
Abstentions
Registered voters
Sources[16]

1996 general election

Summary of the 3 March 1996 Senate of Spain election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Blank ballots[a]
Total 4 ±0
Valid votes
Invalid votes
Votes cast / turnout
Abstentions
Registered voters
Sources[16]

1993 general election

Summary of the 6 June 1993 Senate of Spain election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Blank ballots[a]
Total 4 ±0
Valid votes
Invalid votes
Votes cast / turnout
Abstentions
Registered voters
Sources[16]

1989 general election

Summary of the 29 October 1989 Senate of Spain election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Blank ballots[a]
Total 4 ±0
Valid votes
Invalid votes
Votes cast / turnout
Abstentions
Registered voters
Sources[16]

1986 general election

Summary of the 22 June 1986 Senate of Spain election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE) 127,122 33.95 –1.24 3 ±0
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 77,673 20.74 –1.95 1 ±0
People's Coalition (AP–PDP–PL)1 63,043 16.84 –2.36 0 ±0
Popular Unity (HB) 46,326 12.37 +2.40 0 ±0
Basque Country Left (EE) 31,124 8.31 +1.32 0 ±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 20,103 5.37 +1.66 0 ±0
United Left (IU) 3,204 0.86 New 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Basque Country (PCE/EPK) 2,522 0.67 –0.52 0 ±0
Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 327 0.09 New 0 ±0
Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI) 186 0.05 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots[a] 2,845 2.15 +0.56
Total 374,475 4 ±0
Valid votes 132,599 95.50 –0.72
Invalid votes 6,241 4.50 +0.72
Votes cast / turnout 138,840 69.80 –11.71
Abstentions 60,084 30.20 +11.71
Registered voters 198,924
Sources[16]

1982 general election

Summary of the 28 October 1982 Senate of Spain election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE) 146,175 35.19 +12.63 3 +3
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 94,222 22.69 –2.63 1 –1
Democratic Coalition (AP–PDP–PDL–UCD)1 79,744 19.20 –12.28 0 –2
Popular Unity (HB) 41,406 9.97 –2.99 0 ±0
Basque Country Left–Left for Socialism (EE) 29,037 6.99 New 0 ±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 15,404 3.71 New 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Basque Country (PCE/EPK) 4,948 1.19 –2.83 0 ±0
Workers' Socialist Party (PST) 1,327 0.32 New 0 ±0
Proverist Party (PPr) 453 0.11 New 0 ±0
Communist Unity Candidacy (CUC) 335 0.08 New 0 ±0
Revolutionary Communist League (LKI) 0 0.00 –0.60 0 ±0
Socialist Party (PS)2 0 0.00 –0.39 0 ±0
Blank ballots 2,288 1.59 +0.35
Total 415,339 4 ±0
Valid votes 143,615 96.22 –0.54
Invalid votes 5,641 3.78 +0.54
Votes cast / turnout 149,256 81.51 +13.70
Abstentions 33,853 18.49 –13.70
Registered voters 183,109
Sources[16]
Footnotes:

1979 general election

Summary of the 1 March 1979 Senate of Spain election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) 83,323 25.70 –6.14 2 +1
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)1 82,094 25.32 n/a 2 ±0
Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE)1 73,127 22.56 n/a 0 –1
Popular Unity (HB) 42,003 12.96 New 0 ±0
Foral Union of the Basque Country (UFPV)2 18,754 5.78 –1.82 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Basque Country (PCE/EPK) 13,038 4.02 +1.21 0 ±0
National Union (UN) 3,541 1.09 New 0 ±0
Revolutionary Communist League (LCR) 1,958 0.60 New 0 ±0
Communist Movement–Organization of Communist Left (MC–OIC) 1,875 0.58 New 0 ±0
Carlist Party (PC) 1,284 0.40 New 0 ±0
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (historical) (PSOEh)3 1,270 0.39 –5.92 0 ±0
Union for the Freedom of Speech (ULE) 515 0.16 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots[a] 1,421 1.24
Total 324,203 4 ±0
Valid votes 114,265 96.76
Invalid votes 3,828 3.24
Votes cast / turnout 118,093 67.81
Abstentions 56,052 32.19
Registered voters 174,145
Sources[16]
Footnotes:

1977 general election

Summary of the 15 June 1977 Senate of Spain election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Autonomous Front (FA) 175,848 48.40 n/a 3 n/a
Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) 115,685 31.84 n/a 1 n/a
People's Alliance (AP) 27,601 7.60 n/a 0 n/a
Democratic Socialist Alliance (ASDCI) 22,943 6.31 n/a 0 n/a
Basque Christian Democracy (DCV) 11,072 3.05 n/a 0 n/a
Communist Party of the Basque Country (PCE/EPK) 10,208 2.81 n/a 0 n/a
Blank ballots[a] n/a
Total 363,357 4 n/a
Valid votes n/a
Invalid votes n/a
Votes cast / turnout n/a
Abstentions n/a
Registered voters 153,080
Sources[16][17]

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o The percentage of blank ballots is calculated over the official number of valid votes cast, irrespective of the total number of votes shown as a result of adding up the individual results for each party.

References

  1. ^ "Real Decreto 1210/2024, de 28 de noviembre, por el que se declaran oficiales las cifras de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal referidas al 1 de enero de 2024". Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 December 2024.
  2. ^ a b Law 1/1977 (1977), trans. prov. 1.
  3. ^ a b Const. Esp. (1978), tit. III, ch. I, art. 69.
  4. ^ Const. Esp. (1978), tit. VIII, ch. II, art. 141.
  5. ^ LOREG (1985), tit. I, ch. I, art. 2.
  6. ^ RDL 20/1977 (1977), tit. I, art. 2.
  7. ^ Carreras de Odriozola & Tafunell Sambola 2005, p. 1077.
  8. ^ LOREG (1985), tit. I, ch. VI, art. 75.
  9. ^ Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  10. ^ Araque Conde, Pilar (8 June 2022). "El Congreso acaba con el voto rogado: diez años de trabas burocráticas para los residentes en el extranjero". Público (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
  11. ^ RDL 20/1977 (1977), tit. II, ch. II, art. 19 & 21.
  12. ^ LOREG (1985), tit. II, ch. III, art. 162 & 165–166.
  13. ^ RDL 20/1977 (1977), tit. III, art. 29.
  14. ^ RDL 20/1977 (1977), tit. IV, art. 30–31 & 34.
  15. ^ LOREG (1985), tit. I, ch. VI, art. 44 & tit. II, ch. V, art. 169.
  16. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "Elecciones celebradas. Resultados electorales". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 December 2024.
  17. ^ "Elecciones al Senado 15 de junio de 1977". Historia Electoral.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.

Bibliography

42°50′N 2°45′W / 42.833°N 2.750°W / 42.833; -2.750

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2008 soundtrack album by A. R. RahmanJaane Tu... Ya Jaane NaSoundtrack album by A. R. RahmanReleased20 May 2008Recorded2007 – 2008VenuePanchathan Record InnA.M. StudiosGenreFeature film soundtrackLength34:32LanguageHindiLabelT-SeriesProducerMansoor KhanAamir KhanA. R. Rahman chronology ADA: A Way of Life(2007) Jaane Tu... Ya Jaane Na(2008) Sakkarakatti(2008) Jaane Tu... Ya Jaane Na is the soundtrack to the 2008 film of the same name directed by Abbas Tyrewala starring Imran Khan an...

 

Dolar Kanada

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Caserta

For other uses, see Caserta (disambiguation). This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Caserta – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (May 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Italian. ...

 

Italian lira

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Georges de SelveGeorge de Selve in Hans Holbein the Younger's The Ambassadors.Bishop of LavaurIn office1526–1540Ambassador to Republic of Venice, Austria, the Pope, England, Germany and SpainIn officeApril 1540 – 12 April 1541MonarchKing Francis I of France Personal detailsBorn1508DiedApril 12, 1541(1541-04-12) (aged 32–33)ParentJean de Selve (father)RelativesOdet de SelveOccupationScholar, diplomat and ecclesiastic Georges de Selve (1508 – 12 April 1541) was a French sc...

 

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Questa voce sugli argomenti geografia del Pakistan e deserti è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Il deserto di Cholistan Il deserto di Cholistan (in urdu: صحرائے چولستان, localmente anche conosciuto con il nome di Rohi) si estende a 30 km da Bahawalpur, nel Punjab in Pakistan, e copre una superficie di 16.000 km². È adiacente al deserto del Thar e si estende, oltre il Sindh fino all'India. La parola Cholistan deriv...

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List of Kannada films of the 2020s

Sandalwood(Kannada) cinema 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1960 1961 1962 1963 19641965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970s 1970 1971 1972 1973 19741975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980s 1980 1981 1982 1983 19841985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990s 1990 1991 1992 1993 19941995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000s 2000 2001 2002 2003 20042005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010s 2010 2011 2012 2013 20142015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020s 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 vte Kannada films of 2020 Kannada films of 2021 Kannada films of 2022 Kannada films of 202...