خدمة عمومية

خدمة عمومية هي الخدمات التي تقدمها الحكومة للمواطنين ضمن نطاق سلطتها، إما بشكل مباشر من خلال القطاع العام أو عن طريق تنظيم تقديم الخدمات.[1][2][3] ويرتبط هذا المصطلح بالتوافق الاجتماعي (يعبر عنه في العادة من خلال انتخابات ديمقراطية) على وجود خدمات معينة ينبغي أن تكون متاحة للجميع، بغض النظر عن مستوى دخلهم. وحتى عندما لا تقدم الخدمات العامة للجمهور ولا تمول القطاع العام لأسباب اجتماعية وسياسية، فإنها عادة ما تكون خاضعة للتنظيم وهو ماينطبق على معظم القطاعات الاقتصادية. من الأمثلة على الخدمات العامة هي الاطفاء والشرطة والجيش والمسعفين.

القطاعات

وتعتبر الخدمات العامة مهمة لأسباب أخلاقية وقد ترتبط بأساسيات حقوق الإنسان. في الدول المتقدمة المعاصرة، عادة ما تتضمن الخدمات العمومية ما يلي :


انظر أيضا

مراجع

  1. ^ "Public sector stigma: The 100,000 workers Tim Hudak removes from the provincial payroll could have a tough transition to the private sector". Financial Post. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-01-01. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2016-01-16.
  2. ^ Hovey، Craig؛ Phillips، Elizabeth (2015). The Cambridge Companion to Political Theology. New York: Cambridge University Press. ص. 4-5. ISBN:9781107052741. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-12-15. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-27. To ensure the favor of the gods was the preeminent task of ancient rulers worldwide, for they all were priestly kings. The Roman Caesar was the pontifex maximus of Rome's state god. The Chinese emperor certainly stood over his subjects as 'Son of Heaven,' but if he fell into disfavor with heaven and his country was visited by famine, plague, earthquakes, and floods, he could be overthrown. The Moloch of Carthage demanded children as sacrifices; the Aztecs and Mayas offered their Gods still-quivering hearts. These political religions were do ut des religions in which the relationship between deity and worshippers was one of contractual exchange.
  3. ^ Frank, Sue A.; Lewis, Gregory B. (1 Mar 2004). "Government Employees Working Hard or Hardly Working?". The American Review of Public Administration (بالإنجليزية). 34 (1): 36–51. DOI:10.1177/0275074003258823. ISSN:0275-0740. Archived from the original on 2014-01-31.
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