إستروجين معدني

الاستروجين المعدني أو المُودِق^[1] المعدني هو فئة من الزينوإستروجينات غير العضوية التي يمكن أن تؤثر على التعبير الجيني للخلايا البشرية التي تستجيب للإستروجين. ترتبط التأثيرات بالوظيفة الفسيولوجية للإستروجين لأن الإستروجين المعدني أظهر تقاربًا لمستقبلات الإستروجين. لأنها يمكن أن تحاكي هرمون الاستروجين وبالتالي تنشط المستقبلات، فإنها تعتبر ضارة وربما مرتبطة بسرطان الثدي.^[2] تشمل قائمة الاستروجين المعدني الألمنيوم، الأنتيمون، الزرنيخ، الباريوم، الكادميوم^[3]، الكروم (الكروم (II))، الكوبالت، النحاس، الرصاص، الزئبق، النيكل، السيلانيت، القصدير والفانادات.

المراجع

^ منير البعلبكي؛ رمزي البعلبكي (2008). المورد الحديث: قاموس إنكليزي عربي (بالعربية والإنجليزية) (ط. 1). بيروت: دار العلم للملايين. ص. 407. ISBN:978-9953-63-541-5. OCLC:405515532. OL:50197876M. QID:Q112315598.
^ ""Metalloestrogens: an emerging class of inorganic xenoestrogens with potential to add to the oestrogenic burden of the human breast"". Darbre, P. D. (2006). – عبر Journal of Applied Toxicology. 26 (3): 191–197. doi:10.1002/jat.1135. PMID 16489580. {{استشهاد بخبر}}: تحقق من التاريخ في: |تاريخ= (مساعدة)
^ Thévenod,Frank؛ ; Lee, Wing-Kee ((2013).). "Chapter 14. Toxicology of cadmium and its damage to mammalian organs". In Astrid Sigel, Helmut Sigel and Roland K. O. Sigel (ed.) – عبر Springer. pp. 465–466. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-5179-8_14. PMID 23430781. {{استشهاد بكتاب}}: تحقق من التاريخ في: |تاريخ= (مساعدة)صيانة الاستشهاد: أسماء متعددة: قائمة المؤلفين (link)

هذه بذرة مقالة عن كيمياء عضوية بحاجة للتوسيع. فضلًا شارك في تحريرها.

Read other articles:

Bandar Udara Internasional Bao'an Shenzhen

Bandar Udara InternasionalBao'an Shenzhen深圳宝安国际机场IATA: SZXICAO: ZGSZInformasiJenisPublikPengelolaShenzhen Airport Company Ltd.MelayaniShenzhenDibuka12 Oktober 1991Maskapai penghubung Shenzhen Airlines Donghai Airlines UPS Airlines[1] Maskapai utama China Southern Airlines Hainan Airlines Ketinggian dpl4 mdplKoordinat22°38′22″N 113°48′39″E / 22.63944°N 113.81083°E / 22.63944; 113.81083Koordinat: 22°38′22″N 113°48′39�...

2001 Girabola

Football league seasonGirabola 2001Season2001(Mar 17–Dec 16)ChampionsPetro de LuandaRelegatedBravos do MaquisPrimeiro de MaioProgresso do Sambizanga2002 CAF Champions LeaguePetro de Luanda (Girabola winner)2002 CAF CupASA (Girabola runner-up)Matches played182Goals scored410 (2.25 per match)Top goalscorerFlávio Amado (23 goals)Biggest home winPet Lua 7–0 Pri Mai (1 Aug 2001) Pet Lua 7–0 Pet Hua (4 Aug 2001)Biggest away win 3 matches FC Cab 0–3 ASA (19 May 2001) Pet Hua 0–3 ASA...

Северо-Западный край

Княжества и области белорусские и литовские на Большом гербе Российской империи. 1882. Шесть губерний Северо-Западного края Российской империи — карта, напечатанная между 1905—1910 гг. в издательстве газеты «Kurjer Litewski» и названная «Карта шести губерний Литвы и Белой Рус�...

Gunung Lawu

Untuk layanan kereta api milik PT Kereta Api Indonesia, lihat kereta api Argo Lawu. Artikel ini bukan mengenai Gunung Awu.Artikel ini membutuhkan rujukan tambahan agar kualitasnya dapat dipastikan. Mohon bantu kami mengembangkan artikel ini dengan cara menambahkan rujukan ke sumber tepercaya. Pernyataan tak bersumber bisa saja dipertentangkan dan dihapus.Cari sumber: Gunung Lawu – berita · surat kabar · buku · cendekiawan · JSTOR (Juni 2021)Gunung Lawu...

9th Reconnaissance Wing

Cet article est une ébauche concernant une unité ou formation militaire américaine. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. 9th Reconnaissance Wing Création 25 avril 1949 Pays États-Unis Allégeance Air Combat Command Type reconnaissance Fait partie de 8th Air Force Garnison Beale Air Force Base modifier Le 9th Reconnaissance Wing (9th RW, 9e Escadre de reconnaissance), est une unité de recon...

Синелобый амазон

Синелобый амазон Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ВторичноротыеТип:ХордовыеПодтип:ПозвоночныеИнфратип:ЧелюстноротыеНадкласс:ЧетвероногиеКлада:АмниотыКлада:ЗавропсидыКласс:Пт�...

Brockton Point

Brockton Point Lighthouse Brockton Point is a headland off the Downtown Peninsula of Vancouver, on the north side of Coal Harbour. Named after Francis Brockton, it is the most easterly part of Stanley Park[1] and is home to a 100-year-old lighthouse and several hand-carved totem poles made in British Columbia. Like the rest of Stanley Park coastline, Brockton Point is lined by the Vancouver Seawall. Part of the land at the point was first cleared in 1865 in order to construct a sawmil...

保良局馬錦明夫人章馥仙中學

保良局馬錦明夫人章馥仙中學Po Leung Kuk Mrs.Ma-Cheung Fook Sien College翻漆後的校舍東北面（2022年3月）地址香港新界離島區大嶼山東涌富東邨类型津貼中學宗教背景無隶属保良局创办日期1997年学区香港離島區東涌校長柯玉琼女士副校长鄭健華先生，劉俊偉先生助理校长梁煥儀女士职员人数56人年级中一至中六学生人数約700人，24個班別校訓愛、敬、勤、誠校歌保良局屬下校歌�...

5e régiment de dragons (France)

Pour les articles homonymes, voir 5e régiment. 5e régiment de dragons Insigne régimentaire du 5e régiment de dragons. Création 1668 Pays France Branche Armée de terre Type Régiment de dragons Rôle Interarmes à dominante cavalerie Fait partie de 7e brigade blindée de la 1re division Garnison Mailly-le-Camp Ancienne dénomination Régiment Colonel-Général des Dragons Devise Victoria Pinget (« Seule la Victoire l'ennoblit ») Inscriptionssur l’emblème Va...

1823 in the United States

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: 1823 in the United States – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this message) List of events ← 1822 1821 1820 1823 in the United States → 1824 1825 1826 Decades: 1800s 1810s 1820s 1830s 1840s See ...

Yaoundé

Yaoundé Héraldique De haut en bas, de gauche à droite : le Monument de la réunification, la Cathédrale Notre-Dame-des-Victoires, la Place de l'indépendance, le Musée national et le Centre Pasteur. Administration Pays Cameroun Région Région du Centre Département Mfoundi Maire Luc Messi Atangana Démographie Population 2 765 000 hab. (est. 2015) Densité 9 095 hab./km2 Géographie Coordonnées 3° 52′ nord, 11° 31′ est Altitude 7...

Manuel de Oliveira Lima

Brazilian writer, librarian, literary critic, diplomat, historian and journalist Manuel de Oliveira Lima. This article is part of a series onConservatism in Brazil Ideologies Bolsonarism Coronelism Integralism Janismo Liberal conservatism Free Brazil Movement Monarchism Patrianovism Nationalism Populism Principles Agrarianism Anti-communism Authority Catholicism Family values Federalism Gun rights Law and order Militarism Patriotism Traditionalism History Brazil above everything, God above ev...

Damascus steel

Type of steel used in Middle Eastern swordmaking For Damascus Twist barrels, see Skelp. For the album of the same name, see Damascus Steel (album). For Operation Damascus Steel, see Rif Dimashq offensive (February–April 2018). Close-up of a 13th-century Persian-forged Damascus steel sword. Damascus steel (Arabic: فولاذ دمشقي) is the forged steel of the blades of swords smithed in the Near East from ingots of carbon steel imported from Southern India or made in production centers i...

Terrance B. Lettsome International Airport

Airport in British Virgin Islands Terrance B. Lettsome International AirportIATA: EISICAO: TUPJSummaryAirport typePublicOperatorBVIAAServes British Virgin IslandsLocationBeef IslandElevation AMSL16 ft / 5 mCoordinates18°26′44″N 064°32′35″W / 18.44556°N 64.54306°W / 18.44556; -64.54306MapEISLocation in the British Virgin IslandsRunways Direction Length Surface m ft 07/25 1,415 4,642 Asphalt Source: DAFIF[1] Terrance B. Lettsome Interna...

Czechs of Croatia

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Czechs of Croatia – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (August 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Ethnic group Czechs of CroatiaČesi u HrvatskojČeši v ChorvatskuCoat of arms of the Czechs in CroatiaTotal population9,641 (2011)[1&#...

Expedition of Dhat al-Riqa

625 Military campaign led by the Islamic prophet Muhammad Expedition of Dhat al-RiqaDateJuly 625 AD or AD 628 in 3rd month of AH 7 (Islamic calendar)LocationDhat al-RiqaResult Enemy escapes (some sources claim treaty was signed)[1][2]Belligerents Muslims of Medina Banu GhatafanCommanders and leaders Muhammad UnknownStrength 400 or 800[2][3] Unknown vteCampaigns of Muhammad Al-‘Īṣ Safwan Buwat Dhu al-'Ushairah Abwa' Badr Kudr Sawiq Banu Qaynuqa' Dhu 'Amar B...

2010 United States Senate election in Arizona

2010 United States Senate election in Arizona ← 2004 November 2, 2010 2016 → Nominee John McCain Rodney Glassman Party Republican Democratic Popular vote 1,005,615 592,011 Percentage 59.07% 34.78% County results Precinct resultsMcCain: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% &...

Lucilla

Daughter of Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius (died 182) This article is about the daughter of Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius. For genus of land snail, see Lucilla (gastropod). LucillaAugustaMarble statue of Lucilla depicted as Ceres, 150–200 AD (Bardo National Museum, Tunisia)Roman empressTenure164 – 169Born7 March, between 148 and 150Rome, ItalyDied182 (aged 32–34)Capri, ItalySpouse Lucius Verus (m. 164, died 169) Claudius Pompeianus ̴...

Arabische Kulturwochen Hamburg

Folgende Teile dieses Artikels scheinen seit 2013 nicht mehr aktuell zu sein: Logo und Links sind überwiegend noch auf dem Stand von 2013 Bitte hilf uns dabei, die fehlenden Informationen zu recherchieren und einzufügen. Wikipedia:WikiProjekt Ereignisse/Vergangenheit/2013 Die Arabischen Kulturwochen finden seit 2003 einmal jährlich in Hamburg statt. In ganz Hamburg werden zu diesem Zeitpunkt für circa einen Monat Veranstaltungen rund um Kunst, Kultur und Leben in den arabischen Länd...

华能国际

提示：此条目页的主题不是华电国际。华能国际电力股份有限公司Huaneng Power International Corporation Limited公司類型上市公司股票代號上交所：600011（A股）港交所：902（H股）NYSE：HNP（預託證券）ISINCNE1000006Z4成立1994年6月30日，30年前（1994-06-30）創辦人中国华能集团代表人物董事长：曹培玺總部中华人民共和国北京产业电力營業額113,814,236,000 人民币 ...