Neurale netwerk

Vereenvoudigde aansig van 'n kunsmatige neurale netwerk

'n Neurale netwerk is 'n netwerk van biologiese neurone, of, in 'n moderne sin, 'n kunsmatige neurale netwerk, saamgestel uit kunsmatige neurone of nodusse.[1] Dus, 'n neurale netwerk is óf 'n biologiese neurale netwerk, wat uit biologiese neurone bestaan, óf 'n kunsmatige neurale netwerk, wat gebruik word om kunsmatige intelligensie (KI) probleme op te los. Die verbindings van die biologiese neuron word in kunsmatige neurale netwerke gemodelleer as gewigte tussen nodusse. 'n Positiewe gewig weerspieël 'n opwindende verband, terwyl negatiewe waardes inhiberende verbindings beteken. Alle insette word deur 'n gewig gewysig en opgesom. Daar word na hierdie aktiwiteit verwys as 'n lineêre kombinasie. Laastens beheer 'n aktiveringsfunksie die amplitude van die uitset. Byvoorbeeld, 'n aanvaarbare uitset reeks is gewoonlik tussen 0 en 1, of dit kan −1 en 1 wees.

Hierdie kunsmatige netwerke kan gebruik word vir voorspellende modellering, aanpasbare beheer en toepassings waar hulle via 'n datastel opgelei kan word. Selfleer wat uit ervaring voortspruit, kan binne netwerke plaasvind, wat gevolgtrekkings kan maak uit 'n komplekse en oënskynlik onverwante stel inligting.[2]

Verwysings

  1. ↑ Hopfield, J. J. (1982). "Neural networks and physical systems with emergent collective computational abilities". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79 (8): 2554–2558. Bibcode:1982PNAS...79.2554H. doi:10.1073/pnas.79.8.2554. PMC 346238. PMID 6953413.
  2. ↑ "Neural Net or Neural Network - Gartner IT Glossary". www.gartner.com.

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