Whitney Houston (9 Agustus 1963 – 11 Februari 2012) adalah seorang penyanyi pop dan R&B, artis, produser rekaman, penulis lagu dan mantan model Amerika Serikat. Kesuksesannya membuka pintu bagi para penyanyi Afro-Amerika yang lain, khususnya dari kalangan wanita, untuk sukses di dunia musik.[2][3] Dia juga sering sekali dijuluki sebagai "The Voice".[4][5] Whitney Houston dikenal sebagai salah seorang diva pop yang memiliki jangkauan suara kuat 3,5 oktaf. Ia juga dikenal karena kemampuan penyanyi pop-gospel yang bersuara indah dan kuat.[6]
Houston mulai bernyanyi di gereja ketika masih anak-anak dan menjadi vokalis latar belakang di sekolah menengah. Dengan bimbingan ketua Arista Records, Clive Davis, ia menandatangani kontrak dengan label tersebut pada usia 19 tahun. Dua album studio pertamanya, Whitney Houston (1985) dan Whitney (1987), keduanya mencapai nomor satu di Billboard 200 di Amerika Serikat. , dan hingga saat ini adalah dua album pertama terlaris yang dirilis oleh semua artis dalam sejarah. Hingga hari ini, ia adalah satu-satunya artis yang memiliki tujuh single nomor satu berturut-turut di tangga lagu Billboard Hot 100 AS, dari "Saving All My Love for You" pada tahun 1985 hingga "Where Do Broken Hearts Go" pada tahun 1988.
Pada tahun 1980-an, Houston adalah salah seorang penyanyi wanita Afrika-Amerika pertama yang masuk ke dalam tangga lagu MTV yang pada saat ini didominasi penyanyi rock kulit putih. Album debutnya menjadi album debut dengan penjualan tertinggi sebagai seorang penyanyi solo, yang menduduki peringkat #1 di tangga lagu Billboard 200. Ia juga memegang 7 buah singel #1 di tangga Billboard Hot 100, mematahkan rekor 6 kali yang dipegang The Beatles dan Bee Gees. Ia telah menjual 180 juta keping album yang membuatnya menjadi salah satu penyanyi paling laris sepanjang masa. Ia berkarier aktif dari tahun 1984 hingga kematiannya di tahun 2012. Dia bersama Mariah Carey dan Celine Dion sering dianggap sebagai Trinity Vocal atau ketiga diva pop dengan kualitas vokal terbaik sepanjang sejarah musik dengan karir yang gemilang. Dia telah menerima anugerah Grammy Hall Of Fame lewat lagunya "I Will Always Love You" dan telah menerima Honors International Artist of All Time dari American Music Awards.
Kehidupan awal
Whitney Elizabeth Houston lahir pada 9 Agustus 1963, di daerah yang pada saat itu merupakan lingkungan berpenghasilan menengah di Newark, New Jersey. Dia adalah putri prajurit Angkatan Darat dan eksekutif hiburan John Russell Houston, Jr dan penyanyi Injil Emily "Cissy" (Drinkard) Houston. Kakak lelakinya Michael adalah seorang penyanyi, dan kakak tirinya adalah mantan pemain bola basket Gary Garland. Kedua orangtuanya adalah orang Afrika-Amerika. Melalui ibunya, Houston adalah sepupu pertama penyanyi Dionne Warwick dan Dee Dee Warwick. Ibu baptisnya adalah Darlene Love dan bibinya yang terhormat adalah Aretha Franklin, yang ia temui pada usia 8 atau 9 ketika ibunya membawanya ke studio rekaman.Houston dibesarkan sebagai seorang Baptis, tetapi juga terkena Gereja Pantekosta. Setelah kerusuhan Newark 1967, keluarga itu pindah ke daerah kelas menengah di East Orange, New Jersey, ketika dia berusia empat tahun. Orang tuanya kemudian bercerai.[7]
Karier
Musik
Karena keberhasilan The Bodyguard, Houston memulai tur global lain yang luas (The Bodyguard World Tour) pada tahun 1993-94. Konser, film, dan rekaman grosenya membuatnya menjadi penghibur wanita berpenghasilan tertinggi ketiga pada 1993-94, tepat di belakang Oprah Winfrey dan Barbra Streisand menurut majalah Forbes. My Love Is Your Love, dirilis pada November 1998. Meskipun awalnya dijadwalkan untuk menjadi album hit terbesar dengan beberapa lagu baru, sesi rekaman sangat bermanfaat sehingga album studio baru dirilis. Tercatat dan dicampur hanya dalam enam minggu, itu menampilkan produksi dari Rodney Jerkins, Wyclef Jean dan Missy Elliott. Album debut di nomor tiga belas, posisi puncaknya, di tangga lagu Billboard 200.
Film
Peran film pertama Houston adalah di The Bodyguard, dirilis pada 1992 dan ikut membintangi Kevin Costner. Houston memerankan Rachel Marron, seorang bintang yang dikuntit oleh seorang penggemar gila dan menyewa seorang pengawal untuk melindunginya. USA Today memasukkannya sebagai salah satu dari 25 momen film paling berkesan dalam 25 tahun terakhir pada tahun 2007.[8]
Kehidupan pribadi
Dia bertemu penyanyi R&B Bobby Brown di Soul Train Music Awards 1989. Setelah pacaran tiga tahun, keduanya menikah pada 18 Juli 1992. Brown kemudian memiliki beberapa perselisihan dengan hukum untuk mengemudi dalam keadaan mabuk, kepemilikan narkoba dan baterai, termasuk beberapa waktu penjara. ] Pada 4 Maret 1993, Houston melahirkan putri mereka Bobbi Kristina Brown (4 Maret 1993 - 26 Juli 2015),] satu-satunya anak pasangan itu. Houston menyatakan dalam wawancara tahun 1993 dengan Barbara Walters bahwa dia mengalami keguguran selama pembuatan film The Bodyguard.[9]
Kematian
Pada 11 Februari2012, Whitney Houston ditemukan meninggal di kamarnya di Hotel Beverly Hilton, Beverly Hills.[10] Whitney berada di hotel tersebut untuk menghadiri pesta yang diadakan sebelum ajang Penghargaan Grammy.[11] Penyebab kematian dari Whitney Houston masih diinvestigasi oleh kepolisian Beverly Hills walaupun pihak kepolisian menyatakan bahwa "hingga saat ini, tidak ada bukti akan terjadinya kekerasan".[11]
Houston's debut album was released in early 1985 and she performed at various clubs to promote the album. Following the success of the hit single "You Give Good Love", Houston became the opening act for singers' Luther Vandross and Jeffrey Osborne on their individual 1985 US tours.[92] After the next single, "Saving All My Love for You", became Houston's first #1 in the US, she began headlining her own shows, playing at various American theaters, festivals, and clubs throughout the summer and fall of 1985.[93]
Whitney Houston met France's Serge Gainsbourg on this live talk-show, which was then the most watched Saturday evening show in France.[118]
Having sung her hit "Saving All My Love for You", Whitney was brought by presenter Michel Drucker over to the couch where drunken Serge was waiting. Serge sat down next to Whitney and immediately said in heavily accented English, "I want to f*** you". Needless to say, Miss Houston was more than a little shocked by this 58-year-old French crooner's rather crude display of appreciation, but she stayed nonetheless and sang a duet with him before the end of the show.[119]
This incident listed #41 in NME's "Top 100 Rock Moments of All Time" in 2001 and #48 in VH1's "100 Most Outrageous Celebrity Moments" in 2004.[120][121]
Whitney was the international guest at the finale of the most popular Italian contest and awards. Her live performance of All at Once got a huge standing ovation and the audience asked her for the encore, the request was immediately satisfied. That was one of the rare encores requested in the history of the contest.
May 15, 1987
The 27th Montreux Golden Rose Rock Festival; IM&MC Gala
"Love Will Save the Day" performance was used as its music video later.
In 1988, she won Emmy Award for Outstanding Musical Performance in a Sports Program for the performance in this event.[123]
November 13, 1989
Sammy Davis Jr.'s 60th Anniversary Celebration In Show Business
This special event was a tribute to Sammy Davis Jr., as the entertainer celebrates his sixtieth anniversary in show business. It was taped at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles on November 13, 1989 and aired on ABC on February 4, 1990.[124][125][126]
The patriotic feeling of her gospel-inspired version resonated so strongly with the public that it was released as a single. Within weeks, sales of video tapes, CDs and audio cassettes of her performance raised more than $500,000 for the American Red Cross Gulf Crisis Fund.[127][128]
The single was reissued on September 27, 2001, as a charity CD single after the September 11, attacks on the World Trade Center and The Pentagon and has been certified platinum for U.S. sales in excess of 1 million copies by RIAA.[129]
Whitney Houston, The Whitney Houston Foundation For Children, Inc. and Arista Records donated their royalties and net proceeds from the sale of re-released single to New York Fraternal Order Of Police and The New York Firefighters 9/11 Disaster Relief Fund.[130][131]
The single released in 1991, reached No. 20 on Billboard Hot 100 Singles Chart; making her second artist to turn the national anthem into a pop hit of that magnitude since José Feliciano's version has reached No. 50 in 1968 and re-released single in 2001, peaked No. 6 on the Hot 100 chart; becoming easily the biggest hit version ever of "The Star-Spangled Banner".[131][132]
In 2003, this performance listed #12 in VH1 and TV Guide's "100 Moments That Rocked TV" and ranked #1 in "25 Most Memorable Music Moments in NFL History" to be featured in Rolling Stone.[133][134]
June 23, 1991
Coca-Cola Pop Music Backstage Pass to Summer
A Fox's TV special hosted by Cher, which previewed the Summer 1991 music scene.[135][136]
She talked about her musical and personal life with behind-the-scenes view of world tour. Her co-star, Kevin Costner in the movie The Bodyguard, her parents Cissy Houston and John Houston appeared to talk about Whitney Houston.
Whitney Houston arrived on the playing field with the legenday Brazilian soccer player Pelé and performed six songs for 25 minutes with support from several thousand dancers, flag bearers, and musicians during closing ceremony before the final game, Brazil Vs. Italy.[140][141][142][143]
Whitney did a private gig, for the wedding of Princess Rashidah, the eldest daughter of the Sultan of Brunei, Hassanal Bolkiah, at Jerudong Park Garden on August 24, 1996.[145][146]
She was reportedly paid $7 million to perform for this event. Media stories on the Brunei royal family indicated that Prince Jefri gave Houston a blank check for the event and instructed her to fill it out for what she felt she was worth.[147]
November 28, 1996 (Air date)
Celebrate the Dream: 50 Years of Ebony
It was a two-hour-long event featuring America's biggest stars, looking back, remembering and celebrating the past 50 years and the Ebony Magazine that chronicled it.[148]
Whitney Houston & the Georgia Mass Choir kick off the celebration with a soul-stirring medley of "I Love the Lord" and "Joy to the World".[148]
It was the special event to celebrate opening a new stadium which was named after former tennis player Arthur Ashe.[149]
While the past US Open tennis champions appeared on screen, she dedicated "One Moment in Time" to the legendary tennis players and about 23,000 audience.[150]
Whitney Houston, Tina Turner, Cher, Brandy and Faith Hill top the bill for this concert special staged by VH1 which pays tribute to the women of pop music.[151]
The show benefited VH1 Save the Music, a pro-social initiative that supports music education in public schools.[152]
The all-star concert, broadcast live on VH1 from the Beacon Theatre in New York on April 13, became the highest-rated single broadcast in VH1 history.[152]
Whitney performed 5 songs then, but "It's Not Right But It's Okay" and "My Love Is Your Love" not included on CD which was released on November 2, 1999 and DVD released on April 4, 2000.[153][154]
Whitney briefly joined Mary J. Blige's "Rainy Dayz" for the song's ending, but that performance was not included on CD & DVD, released on October 22, 2002.[161][162][163]
May 22, 2003
VH1 Divas Duets: A Concert to Benefit the VH1 Save the Music Foundation
The festival took place from 16–24 May 2008 in Morocco’s capital city, Rabat and featured artists from forty countries in more than 100 musical performances.[169][170]
Whitney performed during the festival's closing ceremony at Hay Nahda stadium on May 24, 2008.[170][171][172]
January 30, 2011
BET's Celebration of Gospel
Whitney made a surprise appearance at the show singing her hit "I Look to You" with Kim Burrell, who had sung the first verse prior to Houston's appearance, which led to an immediate standing ovation; Houston and Burrell's performance ends with resounding cheers from the audience. It becomes Houston's final television performance before her death a year later.
The 44th Anniversary Of The United Negro College Fund
Whitney performed at a United Negro College Fund Awards gala saluting her musical friend, superstar Michael Jackson who received The Frederick D. Patterson Award in this ceremony.[175]
It was an awards special honoring the lives and achievements of eight African-American women who have made significant contributions in their respective fields.[178][179]
For the first time, the ceremonies broadcast in prime time by CBS on May 29, 1992.[179]
Right before she accepted the award for "Entertainer of the Year", Denzel Washington paid tribute to Whitney Houston for her outstanding career 'til then with video presentation and introduced her mother, Cissy Houston and brother, Gary Houston who performed "Amazing Grace".[183]
When she received the award for "Outstanding Soundtrack Album: Film or T.V." and made an acceptance speech, sang a snippet of "Jesus Loves Me" for audience's request.
Houston scooped up five accolades, including best-selling female artist worldwide, and sang "I Will Always Love You" being introduced by Albert, Prince of Monaco.[185]
Whitney Houston was the recipient of BET's the second "Walk Of Fame" award – created in 1995 to "recognize the significant contribution of African-Americans in the entertainment industry."[187][188]
Whitney Houston has been selected to receive the first ever the Triumphant Spirit Award at the 10th annual Essence Awards. Houston was honored for her many philanthropic projects, including a foundation for homeless children suffering from AIDS and cancer. Essence magazine-sponsored event, which aired May 22 on Fox TV.[189][190]
But because of an unexpected her absence at the ceremony, then presenter, Quincy Jones made her excuses and Cissy Houston accepted the award on behalf of her daughter.[189][191]
Whitney Houston accepted a special award, "Quincy Jones Award for Outstanding Career Achievements in the field of entertainment" by Whoopi Goldberg and the presentation incorporated a short videography of Whitney's career to date.[192][193]
Houston delivered a soul-stirring rendition of "I Go to the Rock" at this awards. She won an award, Best Traditional Gospel Recorded Song of the Year, for the tune.[195]
Whitney was presented "World Artist Award for Lifetime Achievement" was designed for women whose unique achievements have contributed to a better, more peaceful and humane society by former Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev.[198][199]
After actor and presenter, Samuel L. Jackson introduced Whitney Houston as the 7th name in a prestige list of "International Artist Of The Year Award" recipients with the video presentation for her achievements, she performed her powerhouse ballad "I Didn’t Know My Own Strength" and received a standing ovation.[200][201]
Houston's performance marked the first time she had performed on the show in ten years ("Until You Come Back" ans "My Love Is Your Love" medley with Babyface and Wyclef Jean in 1999) and her first primetime U.S. network performance in five years (World Music Awards in 2004).[200]
Following her touching performance, the show honored Houston with the award, according to an inscription read by Samuel L. Jackson, which is given "in recognition of her worldwide success exemplified by her international record sales, radio airplay in countries all over the world, live performances that span the globe, and popularity that knows no borders or boundaries."[202]
The presenter Ne-Yo appeared on stage and introduced Houston's video presentation for her career in entertainment with short interview.
After video presentation, Houston received special tribute performances by Kim Burrell introduced as "one of Houston's favorite voices on the planet", and Jennifer Hudson. Burrell sang the jazzy version of Houston's rendition "I Believe in You and Me" and received a standing ovation. Hudson also brought the crowd to its feet singing Houston's chart-topping "I Will Always Love You", as she was presented with The BET Honor for Entertainment by Ne-Yo. Houston also sung a snippet of “I Love The Lord” during her speech.[203][204]
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^ abcdefgh(dalam bahasa Prancis)The sales of Houston's albums in France:
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Franziskus von Paula Graf von SchönbornUskup Agung PrahaGerejaGereja Katolik RomaKeuskupan agungPrahaTakhtaPrahaPenunjukan27 Juli 1885Masa jabatan berakhir25 Juni 1899PendahuluFriedrich Johannes Jacob Celestin von SchwarzenbergPenerusLev Skrbenský z HříštěJabatan lainKardinal-Imam Santi Giovanni e Paolo (1889–99)ImamatTahbisan imam12 Agustus 1873Tahbisan uskup18 November 1883oleh Friedrich Johannes Jacob Celestin von SchwarzenbergPelantikan kardinal24 Mei 1889oleh Paus Leo XIIIPe...
Angie Everhart. Daftar berikut menuliskan sejumlah tokoh ternama yang memiliki rambut merah. Rambut merah dapat berasal sebagai ragam corak dari pirang stroberi hingga pirang.[1] Dengan hanya 2% populasi yang memiliki warna merah rambut,[2] warna ini menjadi warna rambut alami yang paling langka.[1] Daftar isi A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A Adwoa Aboah Adele Alexander II dari Scotland Danny Alexander Sasha Alexander Canelo Alvarez Lauren Ambrose ...
FC SüdtirolCalcio Rot-Weiß / Biancorossi, l'Alto, FCS Segni distintivi Uniformi di gara Casa Trasferta Colori sociali Bianco, rosso Inno FCSLukas Tait e altri[1] Dati societari Città Bolzano Nazione Italia Confederazione UEFA Federazione FIGC Campionato Serie B Fondazione 1974 Presidente Gerhard Comper Allenatore Federico Valente Stadio Druso(5 539 posti) Sito web www.fc-suedtirol.com Palmarès Stagione in corso Si invita a seguire il modello di voce Il Fussball Club S�...
SiomaiSiomai campur batagor disajikan di warung makan dekat stasiun kereta Bandung.Nama lainSiomaySajianCamilanTempat asal TiongkokDaerahTiongkok dan IndonesiaSuhu penyajianPanasBahan utamaPangsit ikan dengan tahu dan sayuran dengan saus kacangVariasiBatagor, shumaiSunting kotak info • L • BBantuan penggunaan templat ini Media: Siomai Siomai (Hokkien: 燒賣; dialek xiamen sio māiⁿ) adalah sejenis dimsum yang merupakan makanan tradisional Tiongkok. Dalam bahasa...
American sculptor, painter, ceramic artist and educator Rodger MackMidnight Music, 1990, located on the grounds of the U.S. Consulate General, Barcelona, SpainBorn(1938-11-08)November 8, 1938Barberton, OhioDiedSeptember 16, 2002(2002-09-16) (aged 63)Syracuse, New YorkEducationCleveland Institute of Art, Cranbrook Academy of Art Rodger Mack (1938, Barberton, Ohio – 2002, Syracuse, New York) was an American sculptor, painter, ceramic artist and educator.[1] He is best known f...
Sebuah mixtape di dalam Compact Cassette dengan label tulisan tangan: Funky Stuff Mixtape adalah sebuah kompilasi musik, biasanya dari berbagai sumber, direkam ke suatu medium. Asal-usul mixtape berasal dari 1980an, istilah ini biasanya digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan kompilasi musik buatan rumah yang direkam ke pita kaset, CD, atau pada daftar lagu digital. Lagu-lagu dalam mixtape ditempatkan secara berurutan atau dibuat di dalam program berkelanjutan dengan beatmatching atau membuat transis...
Uplay Uplay PC client in 2016TipeProgram komputer, Manajemen hak digital dan digital distribution platform Versi pertama17 November 2009; 14 tahun lalu (2009-11-17)GenreContent deliveryDigital rights managementSocial networkingLisensiperangkat lunak gratis Karakteristik teknisSistem operasiMicrosoft Windows, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360, Xbox One, Wii U, iOS, Android, Windows Phone dan Facebook Platform Informasi pengembangPembuatUbisoft PengembangMassive EntertainmentSumber ko...
Finnish politician Teuvo HakkarainenMember of the European ParliamentIncumbentAssumed office 2 July 2019ConstituencyFinlandMember of Finnish Parliament for Central FinlandIn office20 April 2011 – 2 July 2019 Personal detailsBorn (1960-04-12) 12 April 1960 (age 64)Viitasaari, Central Finland, FinlandPolitical partyFinns PartyWebsitewww.teuvohakkarainen.fi Teuvo Hakkarainen (born 12 April 1960, in Viitasaari) is a Finnish politician and member of the European Parliament, rep...
Green precious gemstones Emeralds, Muzo Mine, Vasquez-Yacopí Mining District, Colombia Emeralds are green and sometime green with a blueish-tint precious gemstones that are mined in various geological settings. They are minerals in the beryl group of silicates. For more than 4,000 years, emeralds have been among the most valuable of all jewels. Colombia, located in northern South America, is the country that mines and produces the most emeralds for the global market, as well as the most desi...
Collection of fables credited to Aesop For other uses, see Aesop's Fables (disambiguation). Aesop (left) as depicted by Francis Barlow in the 1687 edition of Aesop's Fables with His Life. Aesop's Fables, or the Aesopica, is a collection of fables credited to Aesop, a slave and storyteller who lived in ancient Greece between 620 and 564 BCE. Of varied and unclear origins, the stories associated with his name have descended to modern times through a number of sources and continue to be reinterp...
Resolusi 1445Dewan Keamanan PBBPasukan penjaga perdamaian MONUC di Republik Demokratik KongoTanggal4 Desember 2002Sidang no.4.653KodeS/RES/1445 (Dokumen)TopikSituasi di Republik Demokratik KongoRingkasan hasil15 mendukungTidak ada menentangTidak ada abstainHasilDiadopsiKomposisi Dewan KeamananAnggota tetap Tiongkok Prancis Rusia Britania Raya Amerika SerikatAnggota tidak tetap Bulgaria Kamerun Kolombia Guinea Irlandia Meksiko...
Senjata untuk menangkap tersangka kriminal: disebelah kiri Tsukubo, di tengah Sodegarami dan di sebelah kanan Sasumata Sasumata (刺股code: ja is deprecated ) adalah senjata tongkat yang digunakan oleh kelas Samurai dari feodal Jepang. Deskripsi dan Penggunaan Meskipun beberapa sumber menempatkan asal sasumata pada Zaman Muromachi, sebagian besar sumber membahas penggunaannya berasal dari Zaman Edo. Di Zaman Edo para samurai bertanggung jawab atas operasi kepolisian, berbagai tingkat polisi...
NHL 1980-1981CampionatoNational Hockey League Sport Hockey su ghiaccio Duratadal 9 ottobre 1980al 21 maggio 1981 Numero squadre21 Regular SeasonPrima classificata New York Islanders MVP Wayne Gretzky (Edmonton) Top scorer Wayne Gretzky (Edmonton) Rookie Peter Šťastný (Quebec) Stanley Cup playoffMVP Playoff Butch Goring (NY Islanders) Stanley CupVincitore New York Islanders Finalista Minnesota North Stars ← 1979-1980 1981-1982 → La stagione 1980-1981 è stata la 6...
В этом китайском имени фамилия (Хуа) стоит перед личным именем. Для улучшения этой статьи желательно: Найти и оформить в виде сносок ссылки на независимые авторитетные источники, подтверждающие написанное.После исправления проблемы исключите её из списка. Удалите шабло�...