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Wahana gelap atau kereta hantu adalah wahana hiburan dalam ruangan di mana penumpang di atas kendaraan berpemandu melakukan perjalanan melalui pemandangan dengan pencahayaan khusus yang biasanya berisi animasi, suara, musik, dan efek khusus.^[1] Muncul pada awal abad ke-19, pameran seperti terowongan cinta, tema menakutkan dan cerita interaktif telah menjadi subjek wahana di bawah definisi aslinya.^{[butuh rujukan]}

Terminologi

Dalam bentuknya yang paling tradisional, istilah wahana gelap mengacu pada atraksi ride-through dengan pemandangan yang menggunakan lampu hitam, di mana cahaya tampak dicegah memasuki ruangannya, dan hanya menunjukkan elemen yang berpendar di bawah radiasi ultraungu yang terlihat oleh pengendara. Ukuran setiap ruangan yang berisi adegan atau adegan dengan demikian disembunyikan, dan perancang set dapat menggunakan perspektif paksa, hantu lada, dan trik visual lainnya untuk menciptakan ilusi jarak. Biasanya, pengalaman ini juga menggunakan serangkaian pintu buram di antara adegan untuk lebih mengontrol pandangan pengendara di dalam gedung yang dibatasi ruang. Contoh yang menonjol termasuk Snow White's Scary Adventures-nya Disney, Pinocchio's Daring Journey, Peter Pan's Flight, Mr. Toad's Wild Ride dan Alice in Wonderland, yang semuanya mengandalkan penggunaan lampu hitam di hampir setiap adegan.^[2]

Variasi

Wahana gelap memiliki sejumlah variasi yang tidak selalu eksklusif.

Kereta hantu

Di Inggris, Amerika Serikat, Republik Irlandia, Selandia Baru, Cina, dan Australia, wahana gelap dengan tema seram disebut kereta hantu.

Perjalanan pertama yang menggunakan nama "Kereta Hantu" adalah di Blackpool Pleasure Beach.^[3] Wahana ini diimpor pada tahun 1930 dan awalnya disebut The Pretzel (karena bentuk tata letak lintasannya yang melengkung); tetapi karena pretzel kurang dikenal di Inggris, pretzel segera diganti namanya menjadi The Ghost Train, sebuah drama yang berlangsung selama satu tahun di London, sebuah film adaptasi yang ditayangkan pada tahun 1931.^[4] Dibangun kembali pada tahun 1936 dan tetap tidak berubah sejak itu. Blackpool Pleasure Beach juga merupakan rumah bagi Valhalla, wahana gelap dalam ruangan terbesar di dunia,^[5] yang dikenal karena banyak efek kompleksnya.

Daftar wahana gelap

Nama yang dicetak miring berarti telah ditutup; tanggal penutupan diikuti oleh "−".

Daftar wahana gelap

Nama	Buka	Lokasi	Catatan
20,000 Leagues Under the Sea: Submarine Voyage	1971−1994 2001	Magic Kingdom Tokyo DisneySea
Adventure Thru Inner Space	1967−1985	Disneyland Park (Disneyland Resort)	Digantikan pada 1985 oleh Star Tours
Alice in Wonderland	1961	Blackpool Pleasure Beach
Alice in Wonderland	1958	Disneyland Park (Disneyland Resort)
Animal Crisis	2014	Quancheng Euro Park
Apiland	2000	Parc du Bocasse
Apirama	1979−1999	Meli Park	wahana air gelap 8 menit dengan satu kejatuhan; Transformed by new owner into Het Bos van Plop (Plopsaland)
Atlantis Adventure	2007	Europa-Park
Antarctica: Empire of the Penguin	2013	SeaWorld Orlando	A first-of-its-kind motion-based trackless dark ride developed by Oceaneering International
Bermuda Triangle	1994−2010	Sea World	Replaced by Storm Coaster
Big Red Car Ride	2005-2020	Dreamworld
Blå Tåget	1935	Gröna Lund	Renovated 2011
Boo Blasters on Boo Hill	2010	Canada's Wonderland Carowinds Kings Island Kings Dominion	Formerly a Scooby-Doo-themed ride, rebranded after the parks did not renew the licence
Bubbleworks	1990−2016	Chessington World of Adventures	Water dark ride, originally Prof. Burp's Bubble Works, later called Imperial Leather Bubbleworks.
Buzz Lightyear Astro Blasters	2005 2005−2017	Disneyland Park (Disneyland Resort) Hong Kong Disneyland	Hong Kong Disneyland version closed to make way for Ant-Man and The Wasp: Nano Battle!
Buzz Lightyear's Astro Blasters	2004	Tokyo Disneyland
Buzz Lightyear Laser Blast	2006	Disneyland Park (Disneyland Paris)
Buzz Lightyear Planet Rescue	2016	Shanghai Disneyland Park
Buzz Lightyear's Space Ranger Spin	1998	Magic Kingdom
Calico Mine Ride	1960	Knott's Berry Farm
Capitán Balas	2007	Isla Mágica
Carnaval Festival	1984	Efteling
Castillo del Terror		Tivoli World
Cave Train	1961	Santa Cruz Beach Boardwalk
Challenge of Mondor	2008	Enchanted Forest
Challenge of Tutankhamon	2001	Walibi Belgium
Charlie and the Chocolate Factory: The Ride	2006−2015	Alton Towers	Formerly Around The World In 80 Days (1981-1993), then Toyland Tours (1994-2005). Currently closed
Chocolate Tour at Hershey's Chocolate World	1973	Hersheypark
Crush's Coaster	2007	Walt Disney Studios Park	This attraction is also a roller coaster
Cueva de las Tarántulas	2006	Parque de Atracciones de Madrid	Replacing The Old Mine 1910
Cueva del Horror		Parque de Atracciones de Zaragoza
Curse of DarKastle	2005−2017	Busch Gardens Williamsburg
Den Flyvende Kuffert	1993	Tivoli Gardens
The Den of Lost Thieves	1998	Indiana Beach	Previously opened in 1969 as the Mystery Mansion
Derren Brown's Ghost Train	2016	Thorpe Park	An attraction that incorporates virtual reality headsets and motion simulation
Devil's Den	1968	Conneaut Lake Park	Haunted house-style dark ride with illusions, stunts, and spooky murals. One of only five Pretzel rides still operating.
Dinolandia		Tivoli World
Dinosaur	1998	Disney's Animal Kingdom
Dracula's Castle	1974	Lagoon Amusement Park	Refurbished with new scenes in 2007; featured in episode 27 ("Blind Luck") of the 1987-88 television series Werewolf
Dream River	2019	Parque de Atracciones de Zaragoza	Formerly Río Misterioso
Droomvlucht	1993	Efteling
Duel - The Haunted House Strikes Back!	1992	Alton Towers	Formerly The Haunted House, refurbished with new scenes and laser-gun game system in 2003
Dwarf City	1975	Europa-Park
El Laberinto del Minotauro	2000	Terra Mítica
El Rescate de Ulises	2001	Terra Mítica	Boat ride. The longest dark ride in Europe^{[butuh rujukan]}
El Rio del Tiempo	1982−2007	Epcot	Changed to Gran Fiesta Tour Starring The Three Caballeros
El Último Minuto	2006	Dinópolis
Elf Ride	1979	Europa-Park
Escape from Pompeii	1996	Busch Gardens Williamsburg
E.T. Adventure	1990 1991−2003 2001−2009	Universal Studios Florida Universal Studios Hollywood Universal Studios Japan
Fantasía	1999−2016	Parque de Atracciones de Madrid
Fata Morgana	1986	Efteling
Finding Nemo Submarine Voyage	2007	Disneyland Park	Re-theming of the Submarine Voyage
Fire in the Hole	1972	Silver Dollar City
Frozen Ever After	2016	Walt Disney World	Replaced Maelstrom
Ghost Train	1930	Blackpool Pleasure Beach
Ghostwood Estate	2008	Kennywood
Gobbler Getaway	2006	Holiday World
Gran Fiesta Tour Starring The Three Caballeros	2007	Epcot	Formerly El Rio del Tiempo dark ride (1982)
The Great Movie Ride	1989−2017	Disney's Hollywood Studios
The Great Pistolero Roundup	1999	Family Kingdom Amusement Park
Harry Potter and the Forbidden Journey	2010 2014 2016	Universal's Islands of Adventure Universal Studios Japan Universal Studios Hollywood
The Haunted Mansion	1969 1971 1983	Disneyland Park (Disneyland Resort) Magic Kingdom Tokyo Disneyland
Het Bos van Plop	1999	Plopsaland	8-minute boat dark ride with one drop, on track of former Apirama
High Dive	1994	Wakayama Marina City \| Porto Europa	Arrow Dynamics flume ride
I Corsari: la Vendetta del Fantasma	1991	Gardaland	Opened as I Corsari in 1991, in 2018 was renovated and changed the name
If You Had Wings	1972−1989	Magic Kingdom
Indiana Jones Adventure: Temple of the Crystal Skull	2001	Tokyo DisneySea
Indiana Jones Adventure: Temple of the Forbidden Eye	1995	Disneyland Park (Disneyland Resort)
It's a Small World	1964 1966 1971 1983 1992 2008	1964 New York World's Fair Disneyland Park (Disneyland Resort) Magic Kingdom Tokyo Disneyland Disneyland Park (Disneyland Paris) Hong Kong Disneyland
Jocco's Mardi Gras Madness	2000−2005	Six Flags New Orleans
Journey to Atlantis	1998 2004 2007	SeaWorld Orlando SeaWorld San Diego	Refurbished in Orlando in 2017; elevator segment in San Diego version
Justice League: Alien Invasion 3D	2012	Warner Bros. Movie World
Justice League: Battle for Metropolis	2015 2015 2016	Six Flags Over Texas Six Flags St. Louis Six Flags Great America
Kärlekstunneln	1917	Gröna Lund	Refurbished in 1987
Kingdom of the Dinosaurs	1987−2004	Knott's Berry Farm	Replaced by Voyage to the Iron Reef
Knott's Bear-y Tales	1975−1987	Knott's Berry Farm	Replaced by Kingdom of the Dinosaurs
Kosmikar		Mount Igueldo Amusement Park
Kyöpelinvuoren Hotelli	2013	Linnanmäki
La Aventura de Scooby-Doo	2005	Parque Warner Madrid
La Furia de los Dioses	1999−2010	Isla Mágica
The Little Mermaid ~ Ariel's Undersea Adventure	2011 2012	Disney California Adventure Park Magic Kingdom	Magic Kingdom installation opened as “Under the Sea ~ Journey of the Little Mermaid”.
Living with the Land	1982	Epcot
Looney Tunes River Ride	1991−2011 1996−2004	Warner Bros. Movie World Warner Bros. Movie World Germany
Los Piratas	1984−1996	Parque de Atracciones de Madrid	Replaced by The Old Mine 1910
Madame Freudenreich Curiosités	2018	Europa-Park	Replaced Universe of Energy, being a retheme of that ride
Maelstrom	1988−2014	Epcot	Closed for conversion to Frozen Ever After
Magical Powder	2002	Lagunasia
The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh	1999 2003 2005	Magic Kingdom Disneyland Park (Disneyland Resort) Hong Kong Disneyland	Magic Kingdom installation replaced Mr. Toad's Wild Ride, Disneyland Park (Disneyland Resort) installation replaced Country Bear Jamboree
Monsters, Inc. Mike & Sulley to the Rescue!	2006	Disney California Adventure Park
Monsters, Inc. Ride & Go Seek	2009	Tokyo Disneyland
Men in Black: Alien Attack	2000	Universal Studios Florida
Mickey & Minnie's Runaway Railway	2020 2022	Disney's Hollywood Studios Disneyland Park
The Mine of Lost Souls	1985	Canobie Lake Park	Refurbished in 1992 by the Sally Corporation
Minen	2003	Tivoli Gardens
Monster Mansion	2009	Six Flags Over Georgia	Tales of the Okefenokee 1967-1980; Monster Plantation 1981-2009
Mr. Toad's Wild Ride	1955 1971−1998	Disneyland Park (Disneyland Resort) Magic Kingdom	Magic Kingdom installation replaced by The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh
Mysterious River		Monte Igueldo Amusement Park
Mystic Manor	2013	Hong Kong Disneyland
Mystic Motel	2013	Ladera Ranch	Notable for being homemade, Mystic Motel contains a small walkthrough section as well as the 60-ft ride
The Old Mine 1910	1997−2004	Parque de Atracciones de Madrid	Replaced by Cueva de las Tarántulas
Peter Pan's Flight	1955 1971 1983 1992 2016	Disneyland Park (Disneyland Resort) Magic Kingdom Tokyo Disneyland Disneyland Park (Disneyland Paris) Shanghai Disneyland Park
Phantasmagoria	1973−2007	Bell's Amusement Park	Was one of the largest and longest haunted amusements in the country with a two-story track and 27 tricks and surprises, ride was demolished June 19, 2007 when Bell's Amusement Park was permanently closed
Phantom Fantasia	1983−2000	Thorpe Park	Later Wicked Witches Haunt; closed in 2000 by fire.
Phantom Manor	1992	Disneyland Park (Disneyland Paris)
Phantom Theater	1972−2002	Kings Island	Replaced with Scooby-Doo's Haunted Mansion and later with Boo Blasters on Boo Hill
Piccolo Mondo	1982	Europa-Park	Before 2011 refurbishment was called Ciao Bambini
Pinocchio		Tivoli World
Pinocchio's Daring Journey	1983 1983 1992	Tokyo Disneyland Disneyland Park (Disneyland Resort) Disneyland Park (Disneyland Paris)
Pirates in Batavia	1987−2018	Europa-Park	Boat ride with one big drop
Pirates Cove	1972	Waldameer Park
Pirates of the Caribbean	1967 1973 1983 1992	Disneyland Park (Disneyland Resort) Magic Kingdom Tokyo Disneyland Disneyland Park (Disneyland Paris)
Pooh's Hunny Hunt	2000	Tokyo Disneyland
Popcorn Revenge	2019	Walibi Belgium
Puppet Boat Ride	1992	Europa-Park
Ratatouille: L'Aventure Totalement Toquée de Rémy	2014 2020	Walt Disney Studios Park Epcot
Reese's Xtreme Cup Challenge	2006-2018	Hersheypark
Río Misterioso	1978-2018	Parque de Atracciones de Zaragoza	Reopened as Dream River
River Caves	1905	Blackpool Pleasure Beach
Rock 'n' Roller Coaster Starring Aerosmith	1999 2002—2019	Disney's Hollywood Studios Walt Disney Studios Park	This attraction is also a roller coaster. This attraction also existed at Walt Disney Studios Park, in Paris. The roller coaster closed for the construction of the new Marvel theme area Avengers Campus
Roger Rabbit's Car Toon Spin	1994 1996	Disneyland Park (Disneyland Resort) Tokyo Disneyland
Scooby-Doo's Haunted Mansion	2000−2009 2001−2009 2002−2018 2003−2014 2004−2009 2005−2009	Canada's Wonderland* Carowinds* Six Flags Fiesta Texas* Six Flags St. Louis Kings Island* Kings Dominion*	* indicates replaced by Boo Blasters on Boo Hill indicates replaced by Justice League: Battle for Metropolis * indicates replaced by Pirates of the Deep Sea
Shootout at the Flooded Mine	1968	Silver Dollar City
Sinbad's Storybook Voyage	2001	Tokyo DisneySea
Snow White's Scary Adventures	1955 1971−2012 1983 1992	Disneyland Park (Disneyland Resort) Magic Kingdom Tokyo Disneyland Disneyland Park (Disneyland Paris)	Magic Kingdom installation replaced by Princess Fairytale Hall
Snowflake Sleigh Ride	1998	Europa-Park
Spaceship Earth	1982	Epcot
Spectacolo	2005	Wiener Prater	Free-fall dark ride
Splash Mountain	1989 1992 1992	Disneyland Park (Disneyland Resort) Magic Kingdom Tokyo Disneyland
Star Wars: Rise of the Resistance	2019 2020	Disney's Hollywood Studios Disneyland Park
Submarine Voyage	1959−1998	Disneyland Park (Disneyland Resort)	Reopened as Finding Nemo Submarine Voyage in 2007
The Swiss Chocolate Adventure^[6]	2014	Swiss Museum of Transport (Verkehrshaus), Lucerne	Covers an area of 700 meter persegi (7.500 sq ft)
Symbolica	2017	Efteling	Dark ride about Efteling's mascot, Pardoes; system delivered by Dutch company ETF, developed from cancelled project Hartenhof
Terroride	1967	Lagoon Amusement Park	Refurbished with all-new scenes and updated animatronics in 2017. Temporarily renamed Terroride: A Classic Reimagined for its 50th season operating.
Timber Mountain Log Ride	1969	Knott's Berry Farm
Tomb Blaster	2002	Chessington World of Adventures	Formerly Terror Tomb, refurbished in 2002 with new scenes and laser-gun game system; replaced The 5th Dimension in 1994
Toy Story Midway Mania!	2008 2008 2012	Disney California Adventure Park Disney's Hollywood Studios Tokyo DisneySea
Transformers: The Ride 3D	2011 2012 2013 2021	Universal Studios Singapore Universal Studios Hollywood Universal Studios Florida Universal Studios Beijing
TV's Family Favourites	1995−1998	Crinkley Bottom at Cricket St Thomas
The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror	1994	Walt Disney World
Universe of Energy	1994−2017	Europa-Park	Rethemed as Madame Freudenreich Curiosités
Valhalla	2000	Blackpool Pleasure Beach
Viaje al Centro de la Tierra	1970−1979	Parque de Atracciones de Madrid
Viaje en el Tiempo	2001	Dinópolis
Viaje Galáctico	1970−1986	Parque de Atracciones de Madrid	Replaced by Los Piratas
Voyage to the Iron Reef	2015	Knott's Berry Farm
Wacky Factory	2010	Lake Winnepesaukah	Formerly Castle
Wallace & Gromit's Thrill-O-Matic	2013	Blackpool Pleasure Beach
The Whacky Shack	1982	Joyland Amusement Park
The Whacky Shack	1970	Waldameer Park
Wild West Adventure	2000	Attractiepark Slagharen
Wonder Mountain's Guardian	2014	Canada's Wonderland

Referensi

^ "Shining a Light on Dark Rides". Entertainment Designer. February 9, 2015. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-02-06. Diakses tanggal 27 May 2018.
^ Acorn, S. (2010). Theme park design: Behind the scenes with an engineer. Orlando, FL: Theme Perks Press.
^ "Ghost train". blackpoolpleasurebeach.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-01-02. Diakses tanggal 2022-03-19.
^ "Ghost Train". ukrides.info.
^ Byatt, Flora (2020-07-25). "The 11 long-lost rides of Blackpool Pleasure Beach". LancsLive (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2022-03-14.
^ Mani, Mohan (13 July 2014). "Chocoholics, ahoy! Swiss Chocolate Adventure in Luzern". Newly Swissed. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 21 January 2015. Diakses tanggal 14 November 2015.