Varian tekstual dalam Injil Markus

Codex Boreelianus, Markus 1:1-5a

Varian tekstual dalam Injil Markus (dan kitab-kitab Perjanjian Baru) muncul ketika seorang penyalin membuat sebuah perubahan yang disengaja atau tidak disengaja pada teks yang sedang direproduksi olehnya. Beberapa perubahan yang umum termasuk penghapusan, penataan ulang, pengulangan, atau penggantian satu atau beberapa kata ketika mata si penyalin beralih kembali dari salinannya ke naskah asli tetapi pada kata yang serupa di lokasi yang salah pada naskah aslinya. Jika matanya meloncat ke kata sebelumnya, ia akan membuat pengulangan (kesalahan dittografi). Jika matanya meloncat ke sebuah kata yang berikutnya, ia akan membuat penghapusan, atau dapat melakukan sedikit penataan ulang kata-kata untuk mempertahankan arti keseluruhan tanpa mengorbankan konteks. Dalam kasus lain, si penyalin dapat menambahkan teks dari ingatannya untuk teks yang mirip atau paralel di lokasi lain. Kalau tidak, mereka juga dapat mengganti beberapa teks yang asli dengan pembacaan alternatif. Ejaan kadang berubah. Suatu kata dapat diganti dengan sinonimnya. Suatu kata ganti mungkin diubah menjadi kata benda (seperti "Ia berkata" menjadi "Yesus berkata").

Menurut Bruce M. Metzger yang diakui sebagai sarjana Perjanjian Baru terkemuka abad ke-20, kebanyakan varian itu cenderung bersifat minor dan tidak substantif serta beberapa yang dianggap signifikan tidak mengubah doktrin gereja mana pun, malahan salinan yang berlipat-lipat menambah kuatnya keyakinan bahwa semua materi Alkitab yang sampai kini terlestarikan itu mempunyai dasar tekstual yang sangat kokoh.[1][2]

Singkatan

Naskah-naskah terkemuka

Khusus Injil Markus

Varian tekstual utama

Markus 1-3

Markus 1:2: dalam kitab nabi Yesaya (TB)

ἐν τοῖς προφήταις (dalam nabi-nabi) – A, W, f13, Byz
ἐν τῷ Ἠσαἲᾳ τῷ προφήτῃ (dalam nabi Yesaya) - א, B, L, D
ἐν Ἠσαἲᾳ τῷ προφήτῃ (dalam nabi Yesaya) – D, Θ, f1

Markus 1:8

ἐν πνεύματι ἁγίῳ (dengan Roh Kudus) — א, A, D, K, W, Δ, Θ, Π, f1, f13,
πνεύματι ἁγίῳ (Roh Kudus) — B, L
ἐν πνεύματι ἁγίῳ καὶ πυρί (dengan Roh Kudus dan api) — P, 1195, 1241, 44, syrh

Markus 1:13

καὶ ἦν ἐν τῇ ερημω (Ia berada di padang gurun) — א, A, B, D, L, Θ, 33, 579, 892, 1342, (2427 palsu)
καὶ ἦν ἐκει ἐν τῇ ερημω (Ia berada di sana di padang gurun) — W, Δ, 157, 1241, Byz, TR
καὶ ἦν ἐκει (Ia berada di sana) — 28, 517, 565, 700, f1, Family Π, syrs
tidak memuat — f13
Hiatus — C, Ψ, syrc

Markus 1:14

εὐαγγέλιον — א, Β, L, Θ, f1, f13, 28, 33, 565, 892
εὐαγγέλιον τῆς βασιλείας — Α, D, Κ, W, Δ, Π, 074, 0133, 0135, 28mg, 700, 1009, 1010, 1071, 1079, 1195, 1216, 1230, 1241, 1242, 1253, 1344, 1365, 1546, 1646, 2148, 2174, Byz, Lect, lat, syrp, copbo

Markus 1:41

σπλαγχνισθεις — mayoritas mss
οργισθεις — D a ff2 r1

Markus 2:26

ἐπὶ Ἀβιαθαρ ἀρχιερέως (ketika Abyatar adalah imam besar) — א, A, B, K, L, 892, 1010, 1195, 1216, 1230, 1242, 1344, 1365, 1646, 2174, Byz, 69, 70, 76, 80, 150, 299, 1127, 1634, 1761, arm
ἐπὶ Ἀβιαθαρ τοῦ ἀρχιερέως (ketika Abyatar adalah imam besar) — A C Θ Π 074
ἐπὶ Ἀβιαθαρ τοῦ ἱερέως (ketika Abyatar adalah imam) — Δ, itf
frasa ini tidak dimuat dalam naskah-naskah D, W, 1009, 1546, ita, b, d, e, ff2, i, r1, t, syrs

Markus 4-8

Markus 4:19

η αγαπη του πλουτου (cinta kekayaan) — Δ
η απατη του πλουτου (ilusi kekayaan) — א, A, Β, C, E, Byz
απαται του πλουτου (ilusi-ilusi kekayaan) — W
απαται του κοσμου (ilusi-ilusi dunia) — D (Θ 565)

Markus 4:19

και αι περι τα λοιπα επιθυμιαι (dan keinginan akan hal-hal lain) — mss lainnya
tidak memuat — D (Θ) W f1 28 (565 700) it

Markus 4:24

καὶ προστεθήσεται ὑμῖν — א, B, C, L, Δ, 700, 892
καὶ προστεθήσεται ὑμῖν τοῖς ἀκούουσιν — A K Π 0107 Byz
tidak memuat — codex D, W, 565

Markus 5:9

απεκριθη λεγων — E 565 700 1010
απεκριθη — D
λεγει αυτω — mss lainnya.

Markus 5:9

λεγιων ονομα μοι — א B C L Δ
λεγεων — A W Θ f1 f13 Byz

Markus 5:37

ουδενα μετ' αυτου συνακολουθεσαι — א, B, C, L, Δ, 892
ουδενα αυτω συνακολουθεσαι — Α, Θ, 0132, 0133c, f13, Byz
ουδενα αυτω παρακολουθεσαι — D, W, 0133*, f1, 28, 565, 700, pc
ουδενα αυτω ακολουθεσαι — A, K, 33, 1241, al

Markus 6:33

ἐκεῖ καὶ προῆλθον αὐτούς — א, B, 0187 (tidak memuat εκει), 892, 49, 69, 70, 299, 303, 333, 1579, ( 950 αυτους), itaur, vg, (copsa,bo)
ἐκει καὶ προσηλθον αὐτοῖς — Codex Regius, 1241, (Δ, Θ, 10 αὐτοῖς), 12, 80, 184, 211, 1127, arm, geo
ἐκεῖ καὶ συνῆλθον αὐτῷ — Codex Bezaegr, itb
ἐκεῖ καὶ συνῆλθον αὐτοῦ — 28, 700
ἐκεῖ καὶ ἢλθον αὐτοῦ — 565, it(a),d,ff,i,r, Diatessaron
καὶ ἢλθον ἐκεῖ — f1
προηλθον αὐτὸν ἐκεῖ — Pesyita
πρὸς αὐτούς καὶ συνῆλθον πρὸς αὐτον — 33
ἐκεῖ καὶ προῆλθον αὐτοῖς καὶ συνῆλθον πρὸς αὐτον — K, Π, (f13 συνεισηλθον προς αὐτούς), 1009, 1010, 1071, 1079, 1195, 1216, 1230, 1242, 1365, 1546, 1646, 2148, 2174, Byz
ἐκεῖ καὶ προῆλθον αὐτοῖς καὶ συνέδραμον πρὸς αὐτον — A
ἐκει — W, 150, itc

Markus 6:51

ἐξίσταντο — א, B, L, Δ, 28, 892, itc, ff2, i, l, vg, syrs, copsa, bo, geo
ἐξεπλήσσοντο — f1
ἐξίσταντο καὶ ἐθαύμαζον — A, D, K, W, X, Θ, Π, f13, 33, 565, 700, 1009, 1010, 1079, 1195, 1216, 1230, 1241, 1242, 1253, 1344, 1365, 1546, 1646, 2148, 2174, Byz, Lect
ἐθαύμαζον καὶ ἐξίσταντο — 517, 1424

Markus 7:2

πυγμη – A B D K L X Θ Π
πυκνα – א W vg
omit – Δ syrs copsa

Markus 7:16

tidak dimuat - א, Β, L, Δ, 28
dimuat - rell

Markus 8:10

τὰ μέρη Δαλμανουθά — א, Α, Β, C, K, L, X, Δ, Π, 0131, 33, 700, 892, 1009, 1010, 1195, 1216, 1230, 1242, 1253, 1344, 1365, 1546, 1646, 2148, 2174, Byz, Lect, it, vg, syr, cop
τὰ ὂρη Δαλμανουθά — 1071
τὸ ὂρος Δαλμανοῦναι — W
τὰ ὅρια Δαλμανουθά — 1241
τὸ ὂρος Μαγεδά — 28
τὰ ὅρια Μελεγαδά — Dgr
τὰ μέρη Μαγδαλά — Θ, f1, f13, 80
τὰ μέρη Μαγεδά — 565
Markus 8:35-9:1 dalam Papirus 45

Markus 9-11

Markus 9:49

πας γαρ πυρι αλισθησεται – (א εν πυρι) B L W Δ f1 f13 28 565 700 260 syrs copsa
πασα γαρ θυσια αλι αλισθησεται – D it
πας γαρ πυρι αλισθησεται και πασα θυσια αλι αλισθησεται – A (C εν πυρι) K (X πυρι αλι αλισθησεται) Π (Ψ θυσια αναλωθησεται)
πας γαρ πυρι αναλωθησεται και πασα θυσια αλι αλισθησεται – Θ

Markus 10:2

προσελθόντες Φαρισαῖοι (orang-orang Farisi datang) – A B K L Γ Δ Ψ f13, 28 700 892 1010 1079 1546 1646 Byz copbo goth
προσελθόντες οἱ Φαρισαῖοι (urutan kata bervariasi) – א, C, X
tidak dimuat dalam D, a, b, d, k, r1, syrsin (syrcur)

Markus 10:47

Ναζαρηνός – B L W Δ Θ Ψ
Ναζορηνός – D
Ναζωρινός – 28
Ναζωραιός – א A C

Markus 11:26

tidak dimuat - א, B, L, W, Δ, Ψ, 565, 700, 892, 1216, k, l, syrs,pal, cop
dimuat - K, X, Θ, Π, 28 Byz

Markus 14-16

Markus 14:39

τὸν αὐτὸν λόγον εἰπών (mengatakan kata-kata yang sama) – tidak dimuat dalam D, a, b, c, d, ff2, k, (syrcur)

Markus 15:28

tidak dimuat - א, B, C, D, Ψ, k, syrs, cop
dimuat - rell
Bagian akhir Injil Markus pada Codex Vaticanus

Markus 15:34 (lihat Mazmur 22:2)

ἐγκατέλιπές με (meninggalkanku) — א, B, Ψ, 059, vg, syrs, p, copsa, bo, fay, geo
ἐγκατέλειπές με — L, 0112, 565, 892
με ἐγκατέλιπες (see Mt 27:46) — C, P, X, Δ, Θ, Π2, f1, f13, 28, 700, 1010, 1071, 1079, 1195, 1216, 1230, 1241, 1242, 1253, 1344, 1365, 1546, 1646, 2148, 2174, Byz, Lect, it, goth
με ἐγκατέλειπες — A, Π*
με ἐγκατέλειπας — K, 1009, ( 70)
με ἐγκατέλιπας — 33
ὠνείδισάς με (menghinaku) — D, itc, (i), k, syrh

Markus 16:9–20

tidak dimuat - א, B, (304)
dimuat - rell

Lihat pula

Referensi

  1. ^ Strobel, Lee. The Case for Christ, (September 1, 1998), Zondervan, ISBN 0-310-22605-8. hlm 55-72.
  2. ^ Strobel, Lee. In Defense of Jesus, (2007), Zondervan, ISBN 978-0-310-34468-1. hlm 105.

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