Ulat

Ulat adalah tahap larva dari anggota ordo Lepidoptera (ordo serangga yang terdiri dari kupu-kupu dan ngengat).^[1]

Seperti kebanyakan penamaan umum, penggunaan istilah ini sebenarnya tidak konsisten, sebab larva lalat gergaji juga sering disebut sebagai ulat.^[2]^[3] Baik larva lepidopteran maupun larva symphytan sama-sama memiliki bentuk tubuh eruciform.

Ulat sebagian besar merupakan spesies herbivora (folivora), tetapi tidak semuanya; beberapa persen (sekitar 1%) adalah insektivora, bahkan ada juga yang kanibal. Beberapa ulat memakan produk hewani lainnya; misalnya, ngengat pakaian memakan wol, sementara ngengat tanduk memakan kuku dan tanduk ungulata mati.

Ulat merupakan pemakan yang rakus. Banyak ulat yang menjadi hama pertanian serius. Kenyataannya banyak spesies ngengat yang lebih dikenal pada tahap ulatnya karena kerusakan yang ditimbulkan pada buah-buahan dan hasil pertanian lain, sedangkan ngengatnya bukan merupakan hama. Sebaliknya, berbagai spesies ulat sangat bermanfaat bagi manusia. Misalnya sebagai sumber sutra, makanan manusia dan hewan ternak, atau untuk pengendalian biologis tanaman hama (gulma).^[4]^[5]

Anatomi

Kebanyakan ulat memiliki badan panjang dan berbentuk gilig (silinder). Ulat memiliki tiga pasang tungkai yang sejati pada tiga segmen dada, ditambah dengan empat pasang tungkai semu yang disebut tungkai perut pada segmen tengah perut dan sering sepasang tungkai perut pada segmen perut terakhir. Ulat mempunyai sepuluh segmen perut.

Referensi

^ Parker, Sybil, P (1984). McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Biology. McGraw-Hill Company.
^ Eleanor Anne Ormerod (1892). A Text-Book of Agricultural Entomology: Being a Guide to Methods of Insect Life and Means of Prevention of Insect Ravage for the Use of Agriculturists and Agricultural Students. Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Co.
^ Roger Fabian Anderson (January 1960). Forest and Shade Tree Entomology. Wiley. ISBN 978-0-471-02739-3.
^ Basoni, Sonia. "Ulat Hong Kong Dipromosikan Sebagai Sumber Makanan Ramah Lingkungan". detikcom. Diakses tanggal 2022-05-23.
^ Andadari, Lincah (2013). Budidaya Murbei dan Ulat Sutra. Bogor: Forda Press.

Lihat pula

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Belatung
Uret
Jentik (cuk, uget-uget)
Metamorfosis

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