Torpedinidae

Torpedinidae
Tetronarce nobiliana
Klasifikasi ilmiah Sunting klasifikasi ini
Domain: Eukaryota
Kerajaan: Animalia
Filum: Chordata
Kelas: Chondrichthyes
Subkelas: Elasmobranchii
Superordo: Batoidea
Ordo: Torpediniformes
Famili: Torpedinidae
Bonaparte, 1838
Genera dan spesies

Lihat teks

Famili Torpedinidae mencakup 22 spesies pari listrik aatu pari torpedo, yaitu sejenis pari yang dapat memproduksi listrik sebagai mekanisme mencari makan dan perlindungan diri. Mereka adalah pari yang suka berenang dekat dasar laut, dan bergerak dengan lambat.

Spesies terbesarnya adalah pari torpedo Atlantik, Tetronarce nobiliana, yang dapat tumbuh sampai berat 90 kg (200 pon) dan dapat menghasilkan kejutan listrik sebesar 220 volt. Pari listrik memiliki bercak-bercak sel otot termodifikasi yang disebut "plakat listrik" (electroplaque) yang membentuk organ listrik. Organ ini membentuk sebuah gradien listrik, mirip seperti potensi listrik normal pada kebanyakan membran sel, namun dengan tingkat yang jauh lebih tinggi karena terkonsentrasi pada satu area yang sangat kecil. Listrik ini dapat disimpan di jaringan, seperti baterai. Lalu simpanan ini dapat dilepaskan dalam bentuk kejutan listrik, yang pari ini gunakan untuk mengejut mangsa dan melumpuhkannya untuk membuatnya lebih mudah ditangkap. Jaringan dari pari listrik biasa digunakan dalam penelitian neurobiologi karena propertinya yang unik.

Spesies

Terdapat 22 spesies pada 2 genera:[1]

Referensi

  1. ^ Carvalho, M.R. de. (2015): Torpedinidae. In : Heemstra, P.C., Heemstra, E. & Ebert, D.A. (Eds.), Coastal Fishes of the Western Indian Ocean. Vol. 1. South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown, South Africa. In press.
  2. ^ Ebert, D.A., Haas, D.L. & de Carvalho, M.R. (2015): Tetronarce cowleyi, sp. nov., a new species of electric ray from southern Africa (Chondrichthyes: Torpediniformes: Torpedinidae). Zootaxa, 3936 (2): 237–250.

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