Topeng blantek

Topeng Blantek ialah seni pertunjukan (teater) asli milik masyarakat Betawi. Seni pertunjukan ini dahulu dipentaskan untuk menghibur para tuan tanah. Dengan iringan musik, topeng blantek biasanya mementaskan tentang kehidupan masyarakat hingga cerita legenda Betawi yang diisi dengan lawakan (humor).

Etimologi

Istilah topeng blantek diketahui berasal dari bahasa Tiongkok, untuk topeng berarti bermain. Sedangkan blantek bermula dari bunyi-bunyi musik yang mengiringinya yakni dua rebana biang dan satu rebana kotek.[1] Kedua alat musik ini menghasilkan bunyi seperti blang-blang tek-tek,[2] karena pengaruh lafal pengucapan masyarakat maka disebut istilah blantek. Pendapat lainnya mengatakan, asal nama blantek berasal dari bahasa Inggris yaitu blindtext, yang berarti buta naskah. Secara pada pertunjukan topeng blantek para pemeran umumnya berimprovisasi, serta tidak memakai teks naskah.[2]

Sejarah

Pada mulanya, pertunjukan topeng blantek muncul pada zaman kolonialisasi Belanda, sekitar abad ke-19. Topeng blantek sering dilaksanakan pada malam hari. Pertunjukan topeng blantek selain menceritakan kehidupan masyarakat dan cerita rakyat masyarakat Betawi, juga menyampaikan kritik sosial yang dikemas dengan humor.[3]

Secara sosio kultural, ada perbedaan antara topeng blantek dengan kesenian Betawi lainnya. Seperti lenong merupakan hiburan masyarakat kelas menengah hingga atas, sedangkan topeng blantek menjadi hiburan masyarakat kelas menengah hingga kebawah. Dalam kelahirannya, pertunjukan seni topeng blantek lahir di pinggiran wilayah Betawi dulunya.[3]


Dalam penggunaan bahasa, pertunjukan topeng blantek memakai bahasa Betawi. Para pemain dalam pertunjukan topeng blantek disebut dengan 'panjak'.[3] Mereka yang memainkan Topeng Blantek pada umumnya adalah orang-orang Betawi.[3]

Referensi

  1. ^ Aziz Sobat Budaya, Abdul. "Topeng Blantek » Perpustakaan Digital Budaya Indonesia". budaya-indonesia.org. Diakses tanggal 2019-03-05. 
  2. ^ a b "Topeng Blantek, the 'critically endangered' Betawi art". Selasa 10 Jul 2012. Diakses tanggal 26 Februari 2019. 
  3. ^ a b c d "Topeng Blantek » Perpustakaan Digital Budaya Indonesia". budaya-indonesia.org. Diakses tanggal 2019-02-22. 


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