Susuhunan

Susuhunan / Sunan adalah gelar yang merujuk pada penguasa monarki sebagai Pemimpin tertinggi Kerajaan dan Pemimpin tertinggi pemuka agama , meskipun digunakan kaum bangsawan penggunaannya juga ditujukan kepada orang yang dihormati. Gelar ini berasal dari bahasa Jawa Kuno susuhunan yang berakar dari kata suhun. Istilah "susuhunan" dapat diartikan sebagai "junjungan".

Di pulau Jawa gelar ini tidak hanya digunakan pada penguasa monarki tetapi juga oleh ulama anggota Sembilan Wali (Wali Songo), yang merupakan penyebar agama Islam. Selain di Jawa, gelar ini dipakai juga oleh penguasa tertentu di Kasunanan Surakarta Hadiningrat , Kesultanan Banjar dan Kesultanan Palembang.

Penggunaan

Daftar anggota Walisongo

Sunan Gresik atau Maulana Malik Ibrahim
Sunan Ampel atau Raden Rahmat
Sunan Bonang atau Raden Makhdum Ibrahim
Sunan Drajat atau Raden Qasim
Sunan Kudus atau Jaffar Shadiq
Sunan Giri atau Raden Paku atau Ainul Yaqin
Sunan Kalijaga atau Raden Said
Sunan Muria atau Raden Umar Said
Sunan Gunung Jati atau Syarif Hidayatullah

Daftar susuhunan dari Mataram

Anyakrawati (1601 – 1613)
Anyakrakusuma (1613 – 1645), pada 1641 ia mengubah gelarnya sebagai sultan.
Amangkurat I (1646 – 1677)
Amangkurat II (1677 – 1703)
Amangkurat III (1703 – 1705)
Pakubuwana I (1704 – 1719)
Amangkurat IV (1719 – 1726)
Pakubuwana II (1726 – 1742)
Amangkurat V (1742 – 1743)

Daftar susuhunan dari Surakarta

Pakubuwana II (1745 – 1749)
Pakubuwana III (1749 – 1788)
Pakubuwana IV (1788 – 1820)
Pakubuwana V (1820 – 1823)
Pakubuwana VI (1823 – 1830)
Pakubuwana VII (1830 – 1858)
Pakubuwana VIII (1859 – 1861)
Pakubuwana IX (1861 – 1893)
Pakubuwana X (1893 – 1939)
Pakubuwana XI (1939 – 1945)
Pakubuwana XII (1945 – 2004)
Pakubuwana XIII (2004 – sekarang)

Penggunaan dalam masyarakat Sunda dan Tengger

Masyarakat Sunda memakai "sunan" untuk menyebut orang yang memiliki kedudukan terhormat (Susuhunan). Salah satu contohnya adalah penyebutan tokoh Sunan Ambu, sosok perempuan mulia yang merupakan ibu dari kebudayaan Sunda.

Masyarakat Tengger yang mewarisi tradisi Jawa pra-Islam, menyebut beberapa nama leluhur dan roh-roh pelindung dengan gelar sunan, seperti:

Sunan Pernoto (roh yang mendiami Pura Luhur Ponten dan juga salah satu anak Rara Anteng dan Joko Seger)
Sunan Perniti (pelindung tangga naik ke Bromo, juga salah satu anak Rara Anteng dan Joko Seger)
Sunan Dewa Kusuma (roh yang mendiami kawah Bromo, juga salah satu anak Roro Anteng dan Joko Seger), dan
Sunan Ibu (roh Bromo).

Pranala luar

Lihat entri susuhunan di kamus bebas Wiktionary.

(Inggris) Definition of susuhunan

Artikel bertopik gelar ini adalah sebuah rintisan. Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya.

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