Selulosa bakteri

Hasil praktikum selulosa bakteri

Selulosa bakteri merupakan selulosa yang dihasilkan oleh beberapa jenis bakteri, seperti galur Acetobacter yang banyak digunakan dalam industri makanan, seperti nata de coco.[1][2] Selulosa yang dihasilkan oleh bakteri penghasil selulosa ini dapat digunakan selayaknya seperti selulosa yang dihasilkan dari tanaman, namun memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda karena polimer yang dihasilkan.[1] Selulosa bakteri ini merupakan homopolimer dari molekul beta-D-1,4 Glukosa dengan ikatan beta-glikosidik.[2]

Karakteristik

Selulosa bakteri ini termasuk jenis selulosa tipe 1, selulosa yang terbentuk bersifat alami, tersusun secara pararel, metastabil, dan memiliki 2 subalomorf, yaitu 1-alpha yang dominan di algae dan bakteri dan 1-beta yang merupakan penyusun utama selulosa tumbuhan.[3][4] Selulosa bakteri ini memiliki diameter sekitar 2-20 nm dan panjang 100 - 40.000 nm.[4] Selulosa yang di hasilkan lebih kuat, lebih tipis, dan lebih ringan dibandingkan dengan selulosa yang berasal dari tumbuhan.[4]

Fungsi

Selulosa bakteri dapat berfungsi sebagai penghubung untuk melakukan adhesi ke inang, seperti Rhizobium dan Agrobacterium.[2] Selain itu, selulosa juga berfungsi dalam proteksi terhadap gangguan kimia dan fisik, seperti sinar UV, seperti pada Acetobacter xylinum.[2]

Mekanisme

Berikut ini merupakan mekanisme sederhana dari pembentukan selulosa bakteri, pertama glukosa di ubah menjadi glukosa-6-fosfat (G6P) dengan bantuan enzim glukokinase, kemudian G6P diubah menjadi glukosa-1-fosfat (G1P) dengan bantuan enzim phospoglucomutase dan di ubah kembali menjadi Uridine Diphospate (UDP) dengan enzim UDP Glucose phospolyrase dan terakhir diubah menjadi selulosa dengan bantuan enzim selulosa sintase [5]

Aplikasi

Sejumlah aplikasi selulosa bakteri pada kehidupan sehari-hari, antara lain:

Referensi

  1. ^ a b (Inggris) Lee R. Lynd, Paul J. Weimer, Willem H. van Zyl dan Isak S. Pretorius. 2002. "Microbial Cellulose Utilization:Fundamentals and Biotechnology" in "Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 66(3):506-508"
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o (Inggris) Edison Pecoraro, Danilo Manzani, Younes Messaddeq, Sidney J.L. Ribeiro. 2008. "Bacterial Cellulose from Glucanacetobacter xylinus: Preparation, Proberties and Application"in "Monomers, Polymers and Composites from Renewable Resources" ed. Mohamed Naceur Belgacem dan Alessandro Gandini. 369-381. Oxford (UK):Elsevier"
  3. ^ (Inggris) D Perlman, H. J. Peppler. 2012. Microbial Technology: Microbial Processes, Vol 1. hal.435-436. New York: Academic.
  4. ^ a b c (Inggris) Stanley Falkow, Eugene Rosenberg, Martin Dworkin, Erko Stackebrandt. 2006. The Prokaryotes: A Handbook on the Biology of Bacteria. hal.183-184. Singapore: Springer.
  5. ^ (Inggris) Miguel Gama,Paul Gatenholm,Dieter Klemm. 2013. Bacterial NanoCellulose: A Sophisticated Multifunctional Material. hal.4-6. Boca Raton: CRC.

Read other articles:

Холокост на Украине

Часть серии статей о Холокосте Идеология и политика Расовая гигиена · Расовый антисемитизм · Нацистская расовая политика · Нюрнбергские расовые законы Шоа Лагеря смерти Белжец · Дахау · Майданек · Малый Тростенец · Маутхаузен ·&...

 

 

Schneider Arena

This article uses bare URLs, which are uninformative and vulnerable to link rot. Please consider converting them to full citations to ensure the article remains verifiable and maintains a consistent citation style. Several templates and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as reFill (documentation) and Citation bot (documentation). (September 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Schneider ArenaLocationProvidence, Rhode IslandOwnerProvidence College Dept. of ...

 

 

Lorpiprazole

Chemical compound LorpiprazoleClinical dataRoutes ofadministrationOralATC codenoneLegal statusLegal status In general: uncontrolled Identifiers IUPAC name (5aR,8aS)-3-(2-{4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]piperazin-1-yl}ethyl)-5,5a,6,7,8,8a-hexahydrocyclopenta[3,4]pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,2,4]triazole CAS Number108785-69-9PubChem CID3045380ChemSpider16736802UNII0M14O7T47QCompTox Dashboard (EPA)DTXSID30883181 Chemical and physical dataFormulaC21H26F3N5Molar mass405.469 g·mol−13D model (JSmol)I...

Kuwait national football team

National association football team This article is about the men's team. For the women's team, see Kuwait women's national football team. KuwaitNickname(s)Al-Azraq (The Blue) (The Blue Wave)AssociationKuwait Football AssociationConfederationAFC (Asia)Sub-confederationWAFF (West Asia)Head coachRui BentoCaptainFahad Al HajeriMost capsBader Al-Mutawa (196)[1]Top scorerBashar Abdullah (75)Home stadiumJaber Al-Ahmad International StadiumFIFA codeKUW First colours Second colours FIFA rankin...

 

 

Varsity Stadium

Football stadium at the University of Toronto This article is about the stadium in Toronto. For the former stadium in Vancouver, see Varsity Stadium (Vancouver). Varsity StadiumVarsity StadiumLocation in TorontoShow map of TorontoVarsity StadiumLocation in OntarioShow map of OntarioVarsity StadiumLocation in CanadaShow map of CanadaAddress299 Bloor Street WestLocationToronto, Ontario, CanadaCoordinates43°40′02″N 79°23′47″W / 43.667236°N 79.396294°W / 43.667...

 

 

Hokusetsu Prefectural Natural Park

Natural Park Hokusetsu Prefectural Natural Park大阪府立北摂自然公園Mount KenpiLocationŌsaka Prefecture, JapanArea25.94 km²EstablishedAugust 2001 Hokusetsu Prefectural Natural Park (大阪府立北摂自然公園, Osaka Prefectural Hokusetsu Natural Park) is a Prefectural Natural Park in the mountains and foothills of northeast Ōsaka Prefecture, Japan. Established in 2001, the park comprises ten non-contiguous areas scattered over the municipalities of Ibaraki, Minō, Nose, Shimam...

Läsare

Pietistic movement in Sweden and Finland Part of a series onLaestadianism History Church of Sweden Christian revival Kautokeino rebellion Korpela movement Laestadianism in the Americas Läsare Key people Milla Clementsdotter Lars Levi Laestadius Juhani Raattamaa Nils Vibe Stockfleth Mathilda Fogman Oskari Jussila Doctrine Forgiveness Grace The true Christians Declaration of forgiveness Movements Conservative Laestadianism The Firstborn Laestadianism Little Firstborn group Torola group Reed gr...

 

 

Giunta regionale della Valle d'Aosta

Giunta regionale della Valle d'Aosta(FR) Gouvernement régional de la Vallée d'AosteStemma della Valle d'Aosta Il Palazzo della Regione, sede della Giunta Regionale della Valle d'Aosta Stato Italia Suddivisione Valle d'Aosta TipoGiunta regionale Istituito1946 PresidenteRenzo Testolin (UV) SedeAosta IndirizzoPiazza Deffeyes, 1 Sito webwww.regione.vda.it/ Modifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale La Giunta regionale della Valle d'Aosta (in francese, Gouvernement régional de la Vall�...

 

 

Otago Gold Rush

1860s gold rush in Central Otago, New Zealand Otago Gold RushOld gold workings, St Bathans, OtagoOther namesCentral Otago Gold Rush, Clutha Gold RushCentresLawrence, on the Tuapeka River; Arrowtown; Kawarau Gorge; Naseby; Dunedin (nearest major port and city)Discovery20 May 1861, Gabriel's GullyDuration1861–64Prospectors18,000PersonsGabriel Read (discoverer)Bully Hayes (entrepreneur)William Gilbert Rees (settler)LegacyHistoric precincts of Dunedin and OamaruDunedin Chinese communityUniversi...

Plucking (hair removal)

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Plucking hair removal – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (September 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Eyebrow plucking Plucking or tweezing can mean the process of human hair removal, removing animal hair or a bird's fea...

 

 

Keihan Electric Railway

Japanese railway company Keihan Electric RailwayOverviewHeadquartersOsaka, Japan(Registered in Hirakata, Osaka Prefecture, Japan)LocaleKansai region, JapanDates of operation1910–TechnicalTrack gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)Length91.1 km (56.6 mi)OtherWebsiteKeihan Electric Railway The Keihan Electric Railway Company, Ltd. (京阪電気鉄道株式会社, Keihan Denki Tetsudō Kabushiki-gaisha), known colloquially as the Keihan Dentetsu (京阪電鉄), ...

 

 

Prophet

Intermediary between humanity and the divine For other uses, see Prophet (disambiguation). Not to be confused with Profit. This article uses texts from within a religion or faith system without referring to secondary sources that critically analyze them. Please help improve this article. (March 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Isaiah, an important Biblical prophet, in fresco on the Sistine Chapel ceiling by Michelangelo In religion, a prophet or prophetess is an individual wh...

他侬·吉滴卡宗

泰国陆军元帅他侬·吉滴卡宗ถนอม กิตติขจรPChW SR MPCh MWM第10任泰國總理任期1963年12月9日—1973年10月14日君主拉玛九世前任沙立·他那叻元帥继任訕耶·探瑪塞任期1958年1月1日—1958年10月20日君主拉玛九世前任乃朴·沙拉信继任沙立·他那叻元帥第32任泰國國防部長任期1957年9月23日—1973年10月14日前任鑾披汶·頌堪继任他威·尊拉塞（英语：Dawee Chullasapya） 个人资料出...

 

 

Consulate General of Canada, Boston

Diplomatic mission of Canada in Massachusetts, United States Consulate General of Canada in BostonLocationBoston, Massachusetts, United StatesAddressThree Copley Place, Suite 400Consul GeneralBernadette Jordan The Consulate General of Canada in Boston (French: Consulat général du Canada à Boston) is a diplomatic mission of Canada located in Suite 400 of Three Copley Place in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. The geographical jurisdiction of the Boston office covers the New England stat...

 

 

4.1 Miles

4.1 MilesPoster filmSutradaraDaphne MatziarakiProduser Kathleen Lingo(produser eksekutif) Orlando Bagwell(produser konsultan) Penata musikWilliam Ryan FritchSinematograferDaphne MatziarakiPenyuntingDaphne MatziarakiTanggal rilisDurasi21 menitNegaraYunaniBahasaYunani 4.1 Miles adalah film dokumenter pendek tentang kapten penjaga pantai di pulau Yunani terpencil yang ditugaskan menyelamatkan ribuan migran di Laut Aegea[1] saat krisis migran Eropa. Film ini disutradarai Daphne Matz...

Battle of Berlin

Not to be confused with the Battle in Berlin, the ending phase of the battle which occurred inside the city. For the Royal Air Force bombing campaign, see Battle of Berlin (RAF campaign). Last major offensive of the European theatre of World War II Battle of BerlinPart of the Eastern Front of World War IIRaising a Flag over the Reichstag, May 1945Date16 April – 2 May 1945(2 weeks and 2 days)LocationBerlin, Nazi Germany52°31′07″N 13°22′34″E / 52.51861°N 1...

 

 

Intervensi militer Rusia dalam perang saudara Suriah

Intervensi militer Rusia dalam perang saudara SuriahBagian dari Intervensi militer melawan ISIS dan Perang Saudara SuriahSukhoi Su-24 terlibat dalam intervensi militer kali iniTanggal30 September 2015 – Sekarang(8 tahun, 8 bulan, 1 minggu dan 5 hari)LokasiSuriah Kegubernuran Ar-Raqqah Kegubernuran Hama Kegubernuran Dayr az-Zawr[1] Kegubernuran Homs Kegubernuran Idlib[5] Kegubernuran Latakia[3] Kegubernuran QuneitraStatus Masih berlangsungPihak ter...

 

 

Chris Eaton (police officer)

Chris EatonChris EatonSport Integrity Director, International Centre for Sport SecurityIncumbentAssumed office April 2012 Personal detailsBorn1952Melbourne, AustraliaResidence(s)Doha, QatarAlma materCharles Sturt University Chris Eaton is a former police officer who has also overseen security and anti-corruption efforts in sports. He is a well-known figure in the world of sports results manipulation and is sought worldwide for his opinion and feedback on program's aimed at tackling corru...

Challenger Salinas 2010

Challenger Salinas 2010Sport Tennis Data11 gennaio – 16 gennaio Edizione15° SuperficieCemento CampioniSingolare Brian Dabul Doppio Jonathan Marray / Jamie Murray 2009 2011 Il Challenger Salinas 2010 è stato un torneo professionistico di tennis maschile giocato sul cemento, che faceva parte dell'ATP Challenger Tour 2010. Si è giocato a Salinas in Ecuador dall'11 al 16 gennaio 2010. Indice 1 Partecipanti 1.1 Teste di serie 1.2 Altri partecipanti 2 Campioni 2.1 Singolare 2.2 Doppio 3 Colleg...

 

 

Queen's Road, Richmond

Street in London, England The former Star and Garter Home at the southern end of Queen's Road on Richmond Hill Houses in the street Entrance to the former site of the American University The Art Deco Queen's Court Queen's Road is a street in Richmond in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames, running southwestwards from Sheen Road up Richmond Hill until it meets the street of that name by the former Star and Garter Home.[1] It forms a section of the B353 road and runs roughly para...