Scylla serrata

Scylla serrata
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S. serrata
Nama binomial
Scylla serrata
(Forsskål, 1775)
Sinonim
  • Cancer serratus Forsskål, 1775[1] (basionym)
  • Acheolus crassimanus MacLeay, 1838
  • Scylla tranquebarica var. oceanica Dana, 1852

Scylla serrata atau yang juga dikenal sebagai kepiting-bakau besar (giant mangrove crab, giant mud crab) adalah sejenis kepiting bakau yang menyebar luas mulai dari pantai-pantai Asia Timur, Tenggara, Selatan, hingga ke Laut Merah. Spesies ini tidak didapati di perairan Dangkalan Sunda.[2]

Pengenalan

Kepiting bakau berukuran besar hingga sangat besar, lebar karapas maksimum antara 25-28 cm dengan bobot mencapai 2-3 kg. Lengan sepit (chelipeds) besar dan kokoh, dengan dua duri runcing di sisi luar carpus (ruas kedua, dihitung dari pangkal). Sisi muka karapas (frontal margin, di antara dua mata) biasanya dengan gerigi yang tajam.[2]

Tatkala hidup, karapas biasanya berwarna hijau, hijau-zaitun, hingga hampir hitam; sementara sisi luar lengan sepit (capit) berwarna hijau, acap kali dengan pola totol atau bercak-bercak. Pasangan kaki yang terakhir (kaki renang) juga bebercak, baik pada jantan maupun betina.[2]

Agihan dan ekologi

Spesies ini adalah jenis kepiting bakau yang paling luas agihannya. Menyebar di perairan pesisir dan estuaria di Indo-Pasifik Barat, kepiting-bakau besar ditemukan ke barat hingga di Afrika Selatan; ke utara hingga di Okinawa, Jepang; ke timur hingga Fiji dan Samoa barat di Pasifik; dan ke selatan hingga Australia timur. Kepiting ini juga didapati di Filipina, dan di Kupang.[3]

Dibandingkan dengan jenis kepiting bakau yang lain, Scylla serrata adalah yang paling menyukai perairan bersalinitas tinggi.[2]

Catatan kaki

  1. ^ Forsskål, P. 1775. Descriptiones animalium, avium, amphibiorum, piscium, insectorum, vermium: p 90. Hauniae :apud Heineck et Faber.
  2. ^ a b c d Carpenter, Kent E. & Volker H. Niem. 2001. FAO Species Identification Guide: The Living Marine Resources of The Western Pacific. Vol. 2: 1126-7. Rome:Food and Agriculture Organization.
  3. ^ Keenan, CP., PJF. Davie & DL. Mann. 1998. "A revision of the genus Scylla de Haan, 1833 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Portunidae)". Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 46: 217-45. (1998)

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