Rupee India

Rupee India
रुपया (Hindi)
Indian rupee (Inggris)
Uang kertas rupeeUang koin rupee
ISO 4217
KodeINR
Denominasi
Subsatuan
 1/100Paisa (p)
Simbol₹, ₨, Rs, ৳, ૱, ௹, रु
JulukanRupayya, Rūbāi
Uang kertas₹ 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500
Uang koin50 paisa, ₹ 1, 2, 5, 10
Demografi
Pengguna resmi India
 Bhutan
   Nepal
Pengguna tak resmi Zimbabwe (bersama dengan 9 mata uang lainnya)
Emisi
Bank sentralReserve Bank of India
 Situs webwww.rbi.org.in
Percetakan uang kertasReserve Bank of India
 Situs webwww.rbi.org.in
Percetakan uang koinIndia Government Mint
 Situs webwww.spmcil.com
Valuasi
Inflasi4,4% (2017–18)
 SumberRBI – Annual Inflation Repor
 MetodeCPI
Dipatok denganNgultrum Bhutan (pada nilai nominal)
Rupee Nepal (1 INR = 1.6 NPR)

Rupee India (Devanagari: रुपया) (simbol: ₹; kode ISO 4217: INR) adalah mata uang resmi negara India yang setiap satuannya dibagi menjadi 100 paisa. Simbol yang paling umum digunakan untuk rupee adalah Rs. Mata uang ini digunakan pertama kali sejak 1862.

Seperti Rupiah Indonesia, kata "Rupee" (dibaca rupi) India berasal dari bahasa Sanskerta rupyakam (रूप्यकम्) yang berarti perak.

Pada tanggal 8 November 2016, Pemerintah India mengumumkan demonetisasi uang kertas 500 dan 1.000[1][2] yang berlaku mulai tengah malam di hari yang sama, membuat uang kertas ini tidak berlaku.[3] Seri uang kertas 500 yang didesain ulang, selain pecahan baru uang kertas 2.000, telah beredar sejak 10 November 2016.[4][5]

Etimologi

Pendahulu langsung rupee adalah rūpiya—koin perak seberat 178 butir yang dicetak di India utara oleh Sher Shah Suri pertama selama pemerintahan singkatnya antara tahun 1540 dan 1545 dan kemudian diadopsi dan distandarisasi oleh Kekaisaran Mughal. Berat tetap tidak berubah jauh melampaui akhir Mughal sampai abad ke-20.[6] Meskipun Pāṇini menyebutkan rūpya, tidak jelas apakah dia mengacu pada mata uang.[7] Arthashastra, ditulis oleh Chanakya, perdana menteri kaisar pertama Maurya Chandragupta Maurya (c. 340–290 SM), menyebutkan koin perak sebagai rūpyarūpa. Jenis koin lainnya, termasuk koin emas (suvarṇarūpa), koin tembaga (tāmrarūpa), dan koin timah (ssarpa), juga disebutkan.[8]

Uang koin

Berikut adalah uang koin mata uang rupee India:[9]

Gambar Pecahan Kandungan Diameter

(mm)

Bentuk Komposisi Tahun pengeluaran
Bagian Depan Bagian Belakang
50 p Singlemetalik 19 Bundar Baja tahan karat 2011
₹ 1 21,93
₹ 2 23 2019
₹ 5 25 Nikel-kuningan
₹ 10 Bimetal 27 Tembaga-Nikel
₹ 20 Dodecagonal Nikel-kuningan

Uang kertas

Berikut adalah uang kertas rupee India:[10]

Gambar Pecahan Warna Dominan Gambar Tahun Pengeluaran
Bagian Depan Bagian Belakang Depan Belakang
₹ 5 Hijau Mahatma Gandhi Traktor 2002 / 2009
₹ 10 Cokelat Kuil Matahari Konark 2018
₹ 20 Kuning Gua Ellora 2019
₹ 50 Sian Hampi dengan kereta perang 2017
₹ 100 Gandaria Rani ki vav 2018
₹ 200 Oranye Stupa Sanchi 2017
₹ 500 Abu-abu Benteng Merah 2016

Lihat pula

Referensi

  1. ^ Mukherjee, Amrita (2016-11-13). "How I feel super rich with Rs 100 and Rs 10 in my purse". Asia Times (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2021-12-23. 
  2. ^ staff, Asia Times (2016-11-15). "India's demonetization takes its toll on major sectors". Asia Times (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2021-12-23. 
  3. ^ "Reserve Bank of India - Press Releases". rbi.org.in. Diakses tanggal 2021-12-23. 
  4. ^ "Issue of ₹500 Banknotes (Press Release)" (PDF). 
  5. ^ "Issue of ₹2000 Banknotes (Press Release)" (PDF). 
  6. ^ "Coinage -- Mughal Coinage". web.archive.org. 2002-10-05. Archived from the original on 2002-10-05. Diakses tanggal 2021-12-23. 
  7. ^ R., L.; Giebel, Rolf W. (1999-01). "The Bhāgavata-purāṇa Miniature Paintings from the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute Manuscript Dated 1648". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 119 (1): 199. doi:10.2307/605611. ISSN 0003-0279. 
  8. ^ Manish_dutta. Arthashastra Of Chanakya English R Shamasastry. 
  9. ^ "Reserve Bank of India - Coins". www.rbi.org.in. Diakses tanggal 2021-12-23. 
  10. ^ "Reserve Bank of India". rbi.org.in. Diakses tanggal 2021-12-23. 

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