Putaran Pembangunan Doha

Putaran Pembangunan Doha atau Agenda Pembangunan Doha adalah putaran perundingan perdagangan multilateral yang paling terkini di bawah naungan Organisasi Perdagangan Dunia (WTO). Putaran ini dimulai oleh pertemuan para menteri di Doha, Qatar, pada November 2001 di bawah kepemimpinan direktur-jenderal Mike Moore. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengurangi hambatan perdagangan di seluruh dunia dan memajukan perdagangan global.

Setelah pertemuan di Doha pada tahun 2001, pertemuan-pertemuan tingkat menteri berikutnya diadakan di Cancún, Meksiko (2003), dan Hong Kong (2005). Perundingan yang terkait berlangsung di Paris, Prancis (2005), Potsdam, Jenewa (2007), dan Jenewa, Swiss (2004, 2006, 2008).

Proses negosiasi terhambat setelah kegagalan negosiasi Juli 2008 di Jenewa.[1][2] Terdapat dua kubu dengan pendapat yang sangat berbeda, yaitu negara-negara maju yang dipimpin oleh Uni Eropa, Amerika Serikat, Kanada, dan Jepang, melawan mayoritas negara-negara berkembang yang diwakili oleh India, Brasil, Tiongkok, dan Afrika Selatan. Terdapat pula perselisihan terkait dengan subsidi pertanian di Uni Eropa dan Amerika Serikat yang dianggap sebagai hambatan perdagangan.[3]

Semenjak gagalnya perundingan pada tahun 2008, terdapat upaya untuk memulai kembali perbincangan, tetapi masih belum berhasil. Meskipun begitu, Bali Ministerial Declaration pada tanggal 7 Desember 2013[4] untuk pertama kalinya menjawab permasalahan hambatan birokratik terhadap perdagangan - walaupun sebenarnya topik ini merupakan sebagian kecil dari agenda Putaran Doha.[5] However, hingga Januari 2014, the future of the Doha Round remains uncertain.

Catatan kaki

  1. ^ Fergusson ps, Ian F. (18 January 2008). "World Trade Organization Negotiations: The Doha Development Agenda" (PDF). Congressional Research Service. Diakses tanggal 26 July 2008. 
  2. ^ "World trade talks end in collapse". BBC News. 29 July 2008. Diakses tanggal 29 July 2008. 
  3. ^ Hanrahan, Charles; Randy Schnepf (22 January 2007). "WTO Doha Round: The Agricultural Negotiations" (PDF). Congressional Research Service. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2020-06-02. Diakses tanggal 20 July 2008. 
  4. ^ Bali Ministerial Declaration and decisions Diarsipkan 18 December 2013 di Wayback Machine. at WTO official website. Accessed 31 December 2013
  5. ^ Walker, Andrew (7 December 2013). "WTO agrees global trade deal worth $1tn". BBC News. Diakses tanggal 7 December 2013. 

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