Produksi beras di Korea Selatan

Sawah di pinggiran Namwon

Produksi beras di Korea Selatan penting untuk pasokan makanan di negara tersebut, dengan beras menjadi bagian umum dari makanan orang Korea. Pada tahun 2009, Korea Selatan memproduksi 3.899.036 metrik ton (4.297.951 ton) beras.[1]

Padi adalah tanaman paling berharga di Korea Selatan.[2] Namun, seperti dicatat oleh Donald S. Macdonald, kenaikan tingkat upah dan nilai tanah membuat biaya produksi menjadi mahal. Beras mewakili sekitar 90 persen dari total produksi biji-bijian dan lebih dari 40 persen pendapatan pertanian; hasil panen padi tahun 1988 adalah 6,5 juta ton.[2] Beras diimpor pada 1980-an, namun jumlahnya bergantung pada keberhasilan panen dalam negeri. Program dukungan beras pemerintah mencapai rekor US$1,9 miliar pada tahun 1986 dibandingkan dengan $890 juta pada tahun 1985. Dengan menaikkan harga pengadaan sebesar 14 persen ke tingkat tahun 1986, Seoul mencapai struktur harga beras sekitar lima kali lipat dari pasar dunia pada tahun 1987.[2]

Pada 2015, konsumsi beras Korea Selatan mencapai rekor terendah 65,1 kg per orang, sementara konsumsi tepung tertinggi sejak 2006 sebesar 33,6 kg, menurut data industri dan resmi.[3] Pemerintah Korea Selatan, yang mensubsidi produksi dan penyimpanan beras, telah mengumpulkan stok beras yang besar.[4]

Referensi

  1. ^ "FAOSTAT". Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Diakses tanggal 18 October 2012. 
  2. ^ a b c "South Korea: A Country Study:Major crops". Library of Congress, Washington D.C. June 1990. Diakses tanggal March 21, 2009. 
  3. ^ "Rice off the menu: Asia's hunger for bread and pastries boosts wheat demand". Reuters. 2015-10-15. Diakses tanggal 2015-10-30. 
  4. ^ May Choon, Chang (2015-11-28). "Seoul seeks ways to deal with huge rice stockpile". The Straits Times. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-01-24. Diakses tanggal 2015-12-08. 

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