Peter Walter

Peter Walter
Peter Walter pada 2017
Lahir5 Desember 1954 (umur 69)
Berlin Barat
AlmamaterUniversitas Bebas Berlin
Universitas Rockefeller
Dikenal atas
Penghargaan
Karier ilmiah
BidangBiologi molekuler
Biokimia
InstitusiUniversitas California, San Francisco
Pembimbing doktoralGünter Blobel
Situs webwalterlab.ucsf.edu
Tanda tangan

Peter Walter (lahir 5 Desember 1954) adalah ahli biologi molekuler dan biokimia Jerman-Amerika Serikat serta profesor di Universitas California, San Francisco.

Pendidikan

Walter memperoleh gelar B.S. dalam kimia dari Universitas Bebas Berlin, gelar M.S. dalam kimia organik dari Universitas Vanderbilt, dan gelar Ph.D. dalam biokimia dari Universitas Rockefeller. Ia saat ini merupakan profesor dan mantan Ketua Departemen Biokimia dan Biofisika di Universitas California, San Francisco (UCSF).[1][2]

Karier

Selama penelitian tesisnya di laboratorium Günter Blobel, Walter memurnikan anggota kompleks makromolekul protein yang esensial untuk translokasi protein ke dalam retikulum endoplasma (RE)[3] dan menunjukkan bahwa molekul ini secara selektif mengenali protein sekretori yang baru terbentuk di dalam sitoplasma sel eukariot dan menargetkannya ke RE.[4] Ia kemudian mengidentifikasi komponen kompleks RNA 7S yang fungsinya esensial dan menamai holokompleks ini dengan partikel pengenalan sinyal (SRP).[5]

Walter pindah dari Rockefeller untuk memulai laboratorium miliknya di Universitas California, San Francisco[6] tempat ia dan timnya mengidentifikasi transmembran kinase/endoribonuklease yang menetap di RE, Ire1, yang merupakan satu dari tiga sensor yang diketahui dapat melakukan pelipatan di dalam lumen retikulum endoplasma dan bertanggung jawab menginisiasi jalur pensinyalan yang dikenal sebagai respons protein takterlipat.[7][8]

Laboratorium Walter melanjutkan fokusnya untuk memperoleh pemahanan mekanis dari pengurutan/penyasaran protein ke RE seperti pemahaman yang lebih baik pada interaksi antara homeostasis RE dan penyakit.[9]

Walter mendeskripsikan kariernya sebagai "berjalan sepanjang jalur penemuan yang tak disengaja" dan selanjutnya mengatakan "Secara pribadi, saya akan menganggapnya sebagai puncak karier saya jika beberapa aspek dari pengetahuan dasar yang telah kami kumpulkan selama bertahun-tahun diterjemahkan menjadi manfaat nyata bagi umat manusia. Namun yang penting, tidak ada satu pun dari peluang luar biasa ini yang tampak jelas ketika kami memulai perjalanan kami; mereka hanya muncul secara berangsur-angsur saat kita bersenang-senang dan dengan sungguh-sungguh mengikuti belokan dari jalur kami yang berkelok dan tak diduga."[10]

Walter merupakan investigator di Institut Kedokteran Howard Hughes[11] dan anggota dari Akademi Sains Nasional.[12]

Penghargaan dan penghormatan

Walter telah meraih berbagai penghormatan termasuk Medali Otto Warburg pada 2011,[13] Penghargaan Lasker dan Penghargaan Shaw pada 2014, serta Penghargaan Vilcek dalan Ilmu Biomedis pada 2015. Pada 2018, ia menerima Penghargaan Penerobosan dalam Ilmu Kehidupan.[14]

Buku teks

Peter Walter adalah rekan penulis dari buku Molecular Biology of the Cell.[15]

Referensi

  1. ^ Peter Walter's short talk: "Unfolding the UPR"
  2. ^ Interview with Peter Walter: "Squeezing Time for Art"
  3. ^ Walter, P; Blobel, G (1980). "Purification of a membrane-associated protein complex required for protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 77 (12): 7112–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.77.12.7112. PMC 350451alt=Dapat diakses gratis. PMID 6938958. 
  4. ^ Walter P, Ibrahimi I, Blobel G (November 1981). "Translocation of proteins across the endoplasmic reticulum. I. Signal recognition protein (SRP) binds to in-vitro-assembled polysomes synthesizing secretory protein". The Journal of Cell Biology. 91 (2 Pt 1): 545–50. doi:10.1083/jcb.91.2.545. PMC 2111968alt=Dapat diakses gratis. PMID 7309795. 
  5. ^ Walter P & Blobel G (Oktober 1982). "Signal recognition particle contains a 7S RNA essential for protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum". Nature. 299 (5885): 691–8. doi:10.1038/299691a0. PMID 6181418. 
  6. ^ "UCSF Faculty Page - Peter Walter"
  7. ^ Cox, J. S.; Shamu, C. E.; Walter, P. (1993). "Transcriptional induction of genes encoding endoplasmic reticulum resident proteins requires a transmembrane protein kinase". Cell. 73 (6): 1197–206. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90648-A. PMID 8513503. 
  8. ^ Ron, D.; Walter, P. (2007). "Signal integration in the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response". Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology. 8 (7): 519. doi:10.1038/nrm2199. PMID 17565364. 
  9. ^ "Walter Lab Homepage at UCSF"
  10. ^ Walter, P (2010). "Walking along the serendipitous path of discovery". Molecular Biology of the Cell. 21 (1): 15–7. doi:10.1091/mbc.E09-08-0662. PMC 2801708alt=Dapat diakses gratis. PMID 20048259. 
  11. ^ "HHMI Scientist Bio: Peter Walter, PhD."
  12. ^ ""Ravven, Wallace. "Four UCSF faculty scientists elected to National Academy of Science. UCSF News Center, 2004."". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2007-01-01. Diakses tanggal 2018-12-21. 
  13. ^ "Otto-Warburg-Medal". GBM. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-11-04. Diakses tanggal 12 Januari 2014. 
  14. ^ Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences 2018
  15. ^ Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K, Walter P (2014). Molecular Biology of the Cell (edisi ke-6th). Garland. ISBN 9780815344322. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-07-14. Diakses tanggal 2018-12-21. 

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