Penghargaan Otherwise

Penghargaan Otherwise (sebelumnya dikenal sebagai Penghargaan James Tiptree Jr.) adalah penghargaan sastra tahunan Amerika Serikat untuk fiksi ilmiah dan fantasi yang mengembangkan pemahaman pembaca mengenai gender. Penghargaan ini diusulkan pertama kali pada Februari 1991 oleh penulis fiksi ilmiah, Pat Murphy dan Karen Joy Fowler.[1]

Sejarah

Penghargaan ini awalnya diberi nama James Tiptree Jr., yang diambil dari nama pena Alice B. Sheldon. Penamaan ini diambil karena Alice membantu menunjukkan bahwa pembagian penulisan fiksi ilmiah dari sudut pandang pria dan wanita adalah ilusi. Alice awalnya menulis dengan nama pena pria, sehingga penemuan bahwa penulis sesungguhnya di balik nama pena itu adalah seorang wanita mengejutkan para pembaca. Alice menunjukkan bahwa gender memiliki peran dalam dunia kepenulisan dan bagi para pembaca.[1]

Pada 2019, nama Penghargaan James Tiptree Jr. menimbulkan kontroversi akibat tindakan Alice di tahun 1987 yang membunuh suaminya yang sakit. Tindakan Alice ini menyebabkan kontroversi, yang berakibat pada permintaan untuk mengubah nama penghargaan. Pada 13 Oktober 2019, nama penghargaan ini berubah menjadi Penghargaan Otherwise. Nama ini mengacu pada kalimat "the act of imagining gender otherwise"-tindakan membayangkan gender secara berbeda.[1][2]

Penghargaan Otherwise ditujukan pada karya yang tidak menjelaskan gender dengan sudut pandang yang sempit. Penghargaan ini juga ditujukan pada karya dengan sudut pandang gender yang luas, trans-inklusif, serta menyajikan pemahaman gender dalam konteks ras; kelas; nasionalitas; disabilitas; dan lain-lain. Penghargaan ini diberikan setiap tahunnya di WisCon.[3]

Referensi

  1. ^ a b c Lothian, Alexis (2019-10-13). "From Tiptree to Otherwise « Otherwise Award". Otherwise Award (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2024-04-19. 
  2. ^ Lothian, Alexis (2019-09-02). "Alice Sheldon and the name of the Tiptree Award « Otherwise Award". Otherwise Award (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2024-04-19. 
  3. ^ Notkin, Debbie (2010-02-24). "Otherwise Award (Formerly the Tiptree Award)". Otherwise Award (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2024-04-19. 

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