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Penaklukan Afganistan oleh Islam

Penaklukan Afganistan oleh Islam (642–870) adalah proses dikuasainya Afghanistan oleh bangsa Arab Muslim. Penaklukan ini dimulai pada pertengahan abad ke-7[1] setelah penaklukan Islam di Persia selesai, ketika pasukan Muslim mengalahkan Kekaisaran Sassaniyah pada Pertempuran Walaja, Pertempuran Qadisiyyah dan Pertempuran Nahavand.[2] Pasukan Arab Muslim lalu mulai bergerak menuju daerah di sebelah timur Persia dan pada tahun 642 menaklukan kota Herat.[3] Pada tahun 667 daerah Afghan diserang oleh Arab namun pada tahun 683 Kabul memberontak dan berhasil mengusir pasukan Arab yang dipimpin oleh Gubernur Seistan. Baru pada tahun 870 Kabul dan Afgahn sepenuhnya dikuasai oleh Arab.[4] Peralihan agama orang-orang Afghanistan menjadi Islam terjadi selama periode Ghaznawiyah, sekitar abad ke-11.

Catatan kaki

  1. ^ A Historical Atlas of Afghanistan (2003), by Amy Romano, pg. 18.
  2. ^ Islamic Conquest, Library of Congress Country Studies on Afghanistan
  3. ^ Afghanistan, The 7th-18th centuries, Encyclopædia Britannica
  4. ^ Ancient Indian History and Civilization, by Sailendra Nath Sen, p 347.

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