Nasionalisme ekonomi

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Nasionalisme ekonomi, juga disebut patriotisme ekonomi dan populisme ekonomi, adalah ideologi yang mendukung intervensi negara atas mekanisme pasar lainnya, dengan kebijakan seperti kontrol ekonomi domestik, tenaga kerja, dan pembentukan modal, bahkan jika ini memerlukan pengenaan tarif dan pembatasan lainnya. pada pergerakan tenaga kerja, barang dan modal.[1]

Nasionalis ekonomi menentang globalisasi atau setidaknya mempertanyakan manfaat perdagangan bebas tak terbatas , mendukung proteksionisme. Bagi kaum nasionalis ekonomi, pasar berada di bawah negara, dan harus melayani kepentingan negara (seperti menyediakan keamanan nasional dan mengumpulkan kekuatan militer). Doktrin merkantilisme adalah varian yang menonjol dari nasionalisme ekonomi. Nasionalis ekonomi cenderung melihat perdagangan internasional sebagai zero-sum, di mana tujuannya adalah untuk memperoleh keuntungan relatif (sebagai lawan keuntungan bersama).[1]

Nasionalisme ekonomi cenderung menekankan industrialisasi (dan sering membantu industri dengan dukungan negara), karena keyakinan bahwa industri memiliki efek limpahan positif pada seluruh perekonomian, meningkatkan swasembada dan otonomi politik negara, dan merupakan aspek penting dalam membangun kekuatan militer.[1]

Referensi

  1. ^ a b c Gilpin, Robert (1987). The Political Economy of International Relations (dalam bahasa Inggris). Princeton University Press. hlm. 31–34. ISBN 978-0-691-02262-8. 

Bacaan lebih lanjut

  • Baker, David (2006), "The political economy of fascism: Myth or reality, or myth and reality?", New Political Economy, 11 (2): 227–250, doi:10.1080/13563460600655581  (a review of economic nationalism as manifested under the various forms of generic fascism)
  • Fetzer, T. (2020). Nationalism and Economy. Nationalities Papers.

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