Murabithun

Murabithun

المرابطون, Al-Murābiṭūn
1040–1147
Bendera Murabithun
Bendera
Kerajaan Almoravid pada masa kejayaannya, ca 1120.
Kerajaan Almoravid pada masa kejayaannya, ca 1120.
StatusDinasti yang berkuasa di Maroko
Ibu kota
Bahasa yang umum digunakanBerber, Arab, Mozarab
Agama
Islam (Sunni); minoritas Kristen (Gereja Katolik Roma), Yahudi
PemerintahanMonarki turun-temurun
Emir 
• 1040–1059
Abdallah ibn Yasin
• 1146–1147
Ishaq ibn Ali
Sejarah 
• Didirikan
1040
• Dibubarkan
1147
Luas
1120 est.[1]1.000.000 km2 (390.000 sq mi)
Mata uangDinar Murabithun
Didahului oleh		 Digantikan oleh
Zanata
Muluk ath-Thawaif
Barghawata
Muwahhidun
Muluk ath-Thawaif
Sunting kotak info
Sunting kotak info • Lihat • Bicara
Info templat
Bantuan penggunaan templat ini

Dinasti Murabithun (bahasa Arab: المرابطون) adalah dinasti Muslim Berber yang berpusat di Maroko.[2][3] Dinasti yang didirikan oleh Abdallah bin Yasin pada abad ke-11 yang membentang dari barat Maghreb hingga Al-Andalus. Ibu kota Murabithun adalah Marrakesh, kota tempat tinggal penguasa yang didirikan pada 1062.[4]

Dinasti Murabithun berperan sangat penting dalam mencegah jatuhnya Andalusia ke tangan kerajaan Kristen di Spanyol, ketika mereka berhasil mengalahkan koalisi Kastila dan Aragon pada Pertempuran Zallaqah tahun 1086. Hal ini memungkinkan mereka untuk mengontrol sebuah kerajaan yang membentang 3.000 kilometer (1.900 mil) dari utara ke selatan. Dinasti Murabithun jatuh — pada puncak kejayaan mereka — ketika mereka gagal menghentikan pemberontakan yang dipimpin Masmuda yang diprakarsai oleh Ibn Tumart. Akibatnya, raja terakhir Murabithun, Ishaq ibn Ali dibunuh di Marrakesh pada April 1147 oleh Muwahhidun, yang menggantikan Murabithun sebagai dinasti yang berkuasa di Maroko dan Al-Andalus.

Catatan kaki

  1. ^ Turchin, Peter; Adams, Jonathan M.; Hall, Thomas D. (December 2006). "East-West Orientation of Historical Empires". Journal of World-systems Research. 12: 222–223. ISSN 1076-156X. Diakses tanggal 1 August 2020. .
  2. ^ G. Stewart, Is the Caliph a Pope?, in: The Muslim World, Volume 21, Issue 2, pages 185–196, April 1931: "The Almoravid dynasty, among the Berbers of North Africa, founded a considerable empire, Morocco being the result of their conquests"
  3. ^ Sadiqi, Fatima, The place of Berber in Morocco, International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 123.1 (2009): 7–22 : "The Almoravids were the first relatively recent Berber dynasty that ruled Morocco. The leaders of this dynasty came from the Moroccan deep south."
  4. ^ Extract from Encyclopedia Universalis on Almoravids.

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