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Mistisisme kuantum adalah seperangkat keyakinan yang bersifat metafisika dan praktik-praktik terkait yang berupaya menghubungkan pandangan dunia kesadaran, kecerdasan, spiritualitas, atau mistis dengan ide-ide mekanika kuantum dan penafsirannya.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6] Mistisisme kuantum dianggap oleh sebagian besar ilmuwan dan filsuf sebagai ilmu semu^[7]^[8]^[9] atau perdukunan.^[10]^[11]^[12]

Kontroversi awal dan resolusi

Mistisisme kuantum dalam arti kesadaran berperan dalam teori kuantum pertama kali muncul di Jerman pada tahun 1920-an ketika beberapa fisikawan kuantum terkemuka, seperti Erwin Schrödinger, cenderung ke arah penafsiran sedemikian atas teori-teori mereka. Yang lainnya, seperti Albert Einstein dan Max Planck, keberatan dengan penafsiran ini. Terlepas dari tuduhan mistisisme dari Einstein, Niels Bohr membantah tuduhan tersebut, menganggapnya sebagai suatu kesalahpahaman. Pada paruh kedua abad kedua puluh kontroversi telah berjalan dengan sendirinya—kuliah Schrödinger tahun 1958 dikatakan "menandai generasi terakhir yang hidup dengan kontroversi mistisisme"—dan saat ini kebanyakan fisikawan adalah realis yang tidak percaya bahwa teori kuantum terlibat dengan kesadaran.^[13]

Wigner

Pada tahun 1961 Eugene Wigner menulis sebuah makalah, berjudul Komentar-komentar mengenai pertanyaan pikiran-tubuh, mengemukakan bahwa seorang pengamat yang sadar memainkan peran mendasar dalam mekanika kuantum menunjukkan bahwa seorang pengamat yang sadar memainkan peran mendasar dalam mekanika kuantum,^[13]^[14]^:93 bagian dari penafsiran Von Neumann-Wigner. Meskipun makalahnya akan berfungsi sebagai inspirasi untuk karya-karya mistis kemudian oleh orang lain,^[13] gagasan-gagasan Wigner pada dasarnya bersifat filosofis dan tidak dianggap "serupa dan sama" seperti mistisisme yang akan mengikuti.^[15]

Apropriasi menurut pemikiran Zaman Baru

Pada awal tahun 1970-an, budaya Zaman Baru mulai menggabungkan gagasan-gagasan dari fisika kuantum, dimulai dengan buku-buku karya Arthur Koestler, Lawrence LeShan, dan lainnya yang mengemukakan bahwa kelihatannya fenomena parapsikologis bisa dijelaskan melalui mekanika kuantum.^[14]^:32 Dalam dasawarsa ini Fundamental Fysiks Group muncul, sekelompok fisikawan yang menganut mistisisme kuantum seraya terlibat dalam parapsikologi, Meditasi Transendental, dan berbagai praktik Zaman Baru dan mistis Timur lainnya.^[16] Terinspirasi sebagian oleh Wigner,^[13] Fritjof Capra, seroang anggota Fundamental Fysiks Group,^[16] menulis The Tao of Physics: An Exploration of the Parallels Between Modern Physics and Eastern Mysticism (1975),^[17] sebuah buku yang mendukung fisika kuantum Zaman Baru yang memperoleh popularitas di kalangan masyarakat nonilmiah.^[14]^:32 Pada tahun 1979 muncul publikasi The Dancing Wu Li Masters karya Gary Zukav,^[18] seorang nonilmuwan dan "pengikut Capra yang paling sukses".^[14]^:32 Fundamental Fysiks Group dikatakan sebagai salah satu agen yang bertanggung jawab atas "sejumlah besar omong kosong ilmiah semu" di sekitar penafsiran mekanika kuantum.^[19]

Lihat pula

Catatan

^ Athearn, D. (1994). Scientific Nihilism: On the Loss and Recovery of Physical Explanation (S U N Y Series in Philosophy). Albany, New York: State University Of New York Press.
^ Edis, T. (2005). Science and Nonbelief. New York: Greenwood Press.
^ Stenger, Victor (2003), Has Science Found God? The Latest Results in the Search for Purpose in the Universe, Prometheus Books, hlm. 373, ISBN 978-1-59102-018-9, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal October 19, 2014
^ Edis, T. (2002). The Ghost in the Universe: God in Light of Modern Science. Buffalo, NY: Prometheus Books.
^ Crease, R. P. (1993). The Play of Nature (Indiana Series in the Philosophy of Technology). Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
^ Seager, W. (1999). Theories of Consciousness: An Introduction (Philosophical Issues in Science). New York: Routledge.
^ Grim, Patrick (1982). Philosophy of Science and the Occult. SUNY Press. hlm. 87–. ISBN 9781438404981. Diakses tanggal 22 July 2014.
^ Collins, Tim (2010-03-02). Behind the Lost Symbol. Penguin Group US. hlm. 87–. ISBN 9781101197615. Diakses tanggal 22 July 2014.
^ Udemans, Fuad (September 2013). The Golden Thread: Escaping Socio-Economic Subjugation: An Experiment in Applied Complexity Science. Author House. hlm. 388–. ISBN 9781491879337. Diakses tanggal 22 July 2014.
^ Pigliucci, Massimo (2010-05-15). Nonsense on Stilts: How to Tell Science from Bunk. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 9780226667874. Diakses tanggal 22 July 2014.
^ Stenger, Victor J. (January 1997). "Quantum Quackery". Skeptical Inquirer. Vol. 21. no. 1.
^ Shermer, Michael (January 2005). "Quantum Quackery". Scientific American.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Zyga, Lisa (8 June 2009). "Quantum Mysticism: Gone but Not Forgotten". Phys.org.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Leane, Elizabeth (2007). Reading Popular Physics: Disciplinary Skirmishes and Textual Strategies. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. ISBN 9780754658504.
^ Schweber, Silvan (September 2011). "How the Hippies Saved Physics: Science, Counterculture, and the Quantum Revival". Physics Today. 64 (9): 59–60. Bibcode:2011PhT....64i..59S. doi:10.1063/PT.3.1261.
^ ^a ^b Kaiser, David (2011). How the Hippies Saved Physics: Science, Counterculture, and the Quantum Revival. W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 9780393082302.
^ Capra, Fritjof (1975). The Tao of Physics: An Exploration of the Parallels Between Modern Physics and Eastern Mysticism. Boston: Shambhala Publications.
^ Zukav, Gary (1979). The Dancing Wu Li Masters. New York: William Morrow And Company, Inc.
^ Woit, Peter (July–August 2011). "Fun with Fysiks". American Scientist. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-04-11. Diakses tanggal 2019-07-15.

Bacaan lanjutan

Publikasi yang berkaitan dengan mistisisme kuantum

Fritjof Capra, The Tao of Physics: An Exploration of the Parallels Between Modern Physics and Eastern Mysticism, Shambhala Publications, 1975
Deepak Chopra, Quantum Healing: Exploring the Frontiers of Mind/Body Medicine, ISBN 0-553-34869-8
Rolf Froboese [de], The Secret Physics of Coincidence: Quantum phenomena and fate – Can quantum physics explain paranormal phenomena?, ISBN 978-3-84823-445-5
Patrick Grim, Philosophy of science and the occult, ISBN 978-0-7914-0204-7
Lawrence LeShan, The Medium, the Mystic, and the Physicist: Toward a General Theory of the Paranormal, 2003, Helios Press, ISBN 978-1-58115-273-9
Jack Sarfatti, 1975, Space-Time and Beyond, with Fred Alan Wolf and Bob Toben, E. P. Dutton. ISBN 0-525-47399-8
Michael Talbot, The Holographic Universe, ISBN 0-06-092258-3
Michael Talbot, Mysticism And The New Physics, ISBN 0-14-019328-6
Michael Talbot, Beyond The Quantum, ISBN 0-553-34480-3
Evan Harris Walker, The Physics of Consciousness: The Quantum Mind and the Meaning of Life, ISBN 0-7382-0436-6
Ken Wilber, Quantum Questions: Mystical Writings of the World's Great Physicists (editor), 1984, rev. ed. 2001: ISBN 1-57062-768-1
Gary Zukav, The Dancing Wu Li Masters, 1980, ISBN 0-553-26382-X-
Alexander Zelitchenko,The scientist's Conversations with the Teacher. Science and Esoterics. "Conversation No.9. Resolving the scientist's Doubts, Which Resulted in a Sketch of The Physics of Subtle Matter", pp. 47ff, 2001, ISBN 0-595-19412-5

Kritik mistisisme kuantum

Richard H. Jones, Piercing the Veil: Comparing Science and Mysticism as Ways of Knowing Reality. Jackson Square Books, 2014. ISBN 9781439266823—criticism from both scientific and mystical point of view
Eric R. Scerri (1989). "Eastern Mysticism and the Alleged Parallels with Physics". American Journal of Physics. 57 (8): 687–692. Bibcode:1989AmJPh..57..687S. doi:10.1119/1.15921.
Michael Shermer, "Quantum Quackery", Scientific American, January 2005 [1]
Victor J. Stenger, The Unconscious Quantum: Metaphysics in Modern Physics and Cosmology. Prometheus Books, 1995. ISBN 978-1-57392-022-3 Diarsipkan 12 August 2014 di Wayback Machine.—an anti-mystical point-of-view
Victor J. Stenger, "Quantum quackery", Skeptical Inquirer, Vol. 21. No. 1, January/February 1997, pp. 37ff, criticism of the book The Self-Aware Universe by Amit Goswami [pt]

Pranala luar

Media tentang Quantum mysticism di Wikimedia Commons

[1] Athearn, D. (1994). Scientific Nihilism: On the Loss and Recovery of Physical Explanation (S U N Y Series in Philosophy). Albany, New York: State University Of New York Press.

[Edis,_T._2005-2] Edis, T. (2005). Science and Nonbelief. New York: Greenwood Press.

[3] Stenger, Victor (2003), Has Science Found God? The Latest Results in the Search for Purpose in the Universe, Prometheus Books, hlm. 373, ISBN 978-1-59102-018-9, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal October 19, 2014

[4] Edis, T. (2002). The Ghost in the Universe: God in Light of Modern Science. Buffalo, NY: Prometheus Books.

[5] Crease, R. P. (1993). The Play of Nature (Indiana Series in the Philosophy of Technology). Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

[6] Seager, W. (1999). Theories of Consciousness: An Introduction (Philosophical Issues in Science). New York: Routledge.

[Grim1982-7] Grim, Patrick (1982). Philosophy of Science and the Occult. SUNY Press. hlm. 87–. ISBN 9781438404981. Diakses tanggal 22 July 2014.

[Collins2010-8] Collins, Tim (2010-03-02). Behind the Lost Symbol. Penguin Group US. hlm. 87–. ISBN 9781101197615. Diakses tanggal 22 July 2014.

[Udemans2013-9] Udemans, Fuad (September 2013). The Golden Thread: Escaping Socio-Economic Subjugation: An Experiment in Applied Complexity Science. Author House. hlm. 388–. ISBN 9781491879337. Diakses tanggal 22 July 2014.

[Pigliucci2010-10] Pigliucci, Massimo (2010-05-15). Nonsense on Stilts: How to Tell Science from Bunk. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 9780226667874. Diakses tanggal 22 July 2014.

[stenger1997-11] Stenger, Victor J. (January 1997). "Quantum Quackery". Skeptical Inquirer. Vol. 21. no. 1.

[shermer2005-12] Shermer, Michael (January 2005). "Quantum Quackery". Scientific American.

[notforgotten-13] Zyga, Lisa (8 June 2009). "Quantum Mysticism: Gone but Not Forgotten". Phys.org.

[reading-14] Leane, Elizabeth (2007). Reading Popular Physics: Disciplinary Skirmishes and Textual Strategies. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. ISBN 9780754658504.

[freewheeling-15] Schweber, Silvan (September 2011). "How the Hippies Saved Physics: Science, Counterculture, and the Quantum Revival". Physics Today. 64 (9): 59–60. Bibcode:2011PhT....64i..59S. doi:10.1063/PT.3.1261.

[hippies-16] Kaiser, David (2011). How the Hippies Saved Physics: Science, Counterculture, and the Quantum Revival. W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 9780393082302.

[17] Capra, Fritjof (1975). The Tao of Physics: An Exploration of the Parallels Between Modern Physics and Eastern Mysticism. Boston: Shambhala Publications.

[wuli-18] Zukav, Gary (1979). The Dancing Wu Li Masters. New York: William Morrow And Company, Inc.

[fun-19] Woit, Peter (July–August 2011). "Fun with Fysiks". American Scientist. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-04-11. Diakses tanggal 2019-07-15.

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PROFILPELAJAR.COM

Mistisisme kuantum

Kontroversi awal dan resolusi

Wigner

Apropriasi menurut pemikiran Zaman Baru

Lihat pula

Catatan

Bacaan lanjutan

Pranala luar

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